Soil Microbial and Nematode Community Response to the Field Application of Recycled Bio-Based Fertilisers in Irish Grassland

Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant nutrient routinely applied to soils as an agricultural fertiliser, frequently in non-renewable, inorganic forms. Finite reserves and growing demand for agricultural phosphorus mean alternative P resources need to be explored. Recycling-derived fertilisers (RDF) recovered from specific waste streams, using nutrient recovery technologies, have the potential to replace conventional phosphorus fertilisers used in agriculture. Healthy functioning soil microbial and nematode communities are essential players in maintaining soil health and nutrient status. Thus, it is important to assess the responses of these communities to RDF application. We compared soil microbial and nematode communities of conventional fertiliser and RDF treated soil, in the form of struvite and ash, using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies in a phosphate-fertiliser replacement value (P-FRV) field trial. Bacterial and nematode communities displayed significant changes under the different P fertilisation treatments, while fungal communities were relatively unaffected. Bacterial diversity was higher among RDF treatments than conventional treatments, while nematode diversity was reduced by one ash treatment. Available potassium and phosphate were the main drivers of bacterial community changes when analysed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), while available phosphate alone was the driver of nematode community shifts. Of the RDF, struvite products yielded the highest crop biomass, maintained microbial diversity and were associated with the least disturbed nematode communities.

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Biochar - A Panacea for Agriculture or Just Carbon?

10.20944/preprints202005.0329.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elvir Tenic ◽

Rishikesh Ghogare ◽

Amit Dhingra

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Soil Health ◽

Nutrient Status ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Field Application ◽

Arable Soils ◽

Marginal Soils ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter

The sustainable production of food faces formidable challenges. Foremost is the availability of arable soils, which have been ravaged by the overuse of fertilizers and detrimental soil management techniques. As such, maintenance of soil quality, and reclamation of marginal soils, has become an increasingly important endeavor. Recently, there has been emerging interest in the use of biochar, a carbon rich, porous material thought to improve various aspects of soil performance. Biochar (BC) is produced through the thermochemical decomposition of organic matter at high temperature in an oxygen limited environment, in a process known as pyrolysis. Importantly, the source of organic material, or ‘feedstock,’ used in this process and different parameters of pyrolysis, especially temperature, determine the chemical and physical properties of biochar. Incorporation of BC impacts soil-water relations, tilth and nutrient status, pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and microbial activity. Soil amendment with BC has been shown to have an overall positive impact on soil health and crop productivity; however, initial soil properties need to be considered prior to the application of BC. There is an urgent need to understand the effects of long-term field application of BC and how it influences the soil microcosm. This knowledge will facilitate predictable enhancement of crop productivity and meaningful carbon sequestration.

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Soil nematode community response to fertilisation in the root-associated and bulk soils of a rice-wheat agroecosystem

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00002988 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 727-741 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ting Liu ◽

Yong Li ◽

Qirong Shen ◽

Huixin Li ◽

Joann K. Whalen

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Soils ◽

Community Response ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Bulk Soil ◽

Rice Soil ◽

Soil Nematode ◽

Nematode Density ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Nematode Diversity ◽

Growing Conditions

The practice of growing agricultural crops in rows results in larger soil nematode populations in the root-associated soil than in the bulk soil between the rows. Fertilisers applied to improve grain yield generally increase the abundance of nematode communities in agricultural soils. The objective of this study was to compare total nematode density and four dominant genera in the root-associated and bulk soils of paddy rice and upland wheat receiving organic and mineral fertilisers. Dominant nematode genera accounted for 80% of all nematodes and represented four trophic groups. There was greater total nematode density and a higher enrichment index (EI) but less nematode diversity (H′) and a lower structure index (SI) in the root-associated soil than bulk soil of upland wheat. By contrast, nematode abundance, diversity and ecological indices were similar in the root-associated and bulk soils of the paddy rice. Soil nematode communities were affected significantly and consistently by fertilisation in upland wheat and paddy rice phases. More herbivoreHirschmanniellawere present with mineral fertiliser than in the non-fertilised control. Straw-based organic fertilisers increased the abundance of bacterivoreEucephalobus. The lack of interaction between rhizosphere effect and fertilisation indicated that crop-growing conditions (different species and water regimes) were more influential on nematode communities and not consistently impacted by short-term organic and mineral fertilisation in the rice-wheat agroecosystem.

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Soil microbial and nematode communities as affected by glyphosate and tillage practices in a glyphosate-resistant cropping system

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-04-129r1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 536-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Konanani B. Liphadzi ◽

Kassim Al-Khatib ◽

Curtis N. Bensch ◽

Phillip W. Stahlman ◽

J. Anita Dille ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cropping System ◽

Growing Season ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Substrate Utilization ◽

Community Response ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

No Till ◽

Herbicide Treatments

Field experiments were conducted at Ashland Bottoms in northeastern Kansas and at Hays in western Kansas in 2001, 2002, and 2003 to determine the response of soil microbial and nematode communities to different herbicides and tillage practices under a glyphosate-resistant cropping system. Conventional herbicide treatments were a tank mixture of cloransulam plusS-metolachlor plus sulfentrazone for soybean and a commercially available mixture of acetochlor and atrazine for corn. Glyphosate was applied at 1.12 kg ai ha−1when weeds were 10 or 20 cm tall in both corn and soybean. Soil samples were collected monthly at Ashland Bottoms during the growing period for soil microbial biomass (SMB) carbon determination. In addition, substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and BIOLOG substrate utilization were determined at the end of the growing season each year at Ashland Bottoms, and nematode populations were determined at the beginning and the end of the growing season at both sites. Direct effects of glyphosate rates on soil microbial and nematode communities were also studied in a controlled environment. Values for SMB carbon, SIR, and BIOLOG substrate utilization were not altered by glyphosate. Nematode community response to the glyphosate treatment was similar under both conventional tillage and no-till environments. Total nematode densities were similar with the glyphosate and conventional herbicide treatments. SMB carbon and BIOLOG substrate utilization did not differ between tillage treatments. Nematode densities were greater under conventional tillage than in the no-till system. This study showed that soil health when glyphosate was applied in a glyphosate-resistant cropping system was similar to that of cropping systems that used conventional herbicides.

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The effect of combined application of Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 with soil biofumigation on soil microbial and nematode communities

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52941-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Na Jin ◽

Xiuliang Lu ◽

Xueyan Wang ◽

Qian Liu ◽

Deliang Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Combination Treatment ◽

Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Combined Application ◽

Nematode Diversity ◽

Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Fungal Phytopathogens

AbstractMeloidogyne incognita causes significant damage to many different crops. Previous studies showed that Streptomyces rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 is a promising biocontrol agent. Combining it with biofumigation improved its efficacy against M. incognita. In the present study, the reason for the improved efficacy of the combination was investigated by analyzing its impact on both the soil microbial and the nematode communities in the field. The results showed that the combined application reduced root galls by 41% and its control efficacy was greater than each treatment alone. Cultivation-based analyses showed that the combination treatment affected the soil microbial community. Actinomycetes and bacterial densities were negatively correlated with the root knot score. In contrast, the fungal densities were positively correlated with the root knot score. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) results showed that the combination of S. rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 and biofumigation enriched beneficial microbes and reduced certain soil-borne fungal phytopathogens, thereby enhancing the efficacies of both S. rubrogriseus HDZ-9-47 and biofumigation against M. incognita. And HDZ-9-47 could colonize in soil. The total abundance of nematode and plant parasites, the ratio of soil fungivore nematode to fungivore plus bacterivore nematode, and the nematode diversity indices all decreased with the combination treatment. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that combined application of HDZ-9-47 with biofumigation was a useful and effective approach to suppress M. incognita by manipulating soil microbial communities in field.

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Soil microbial community response to nitrogen and phosphorous fertilization in a temperate forest nursery

Pakistan Journal of Botany ◽

10.30848/pjb2019-2(23) ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Razaq ◽

Muhammad Sajjad Haider ◽

Salah Uddin ◽

Liu Chunping ◽

Hai-Long Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Temperate Forest ◽

Community Response ◽

Forest Nursery ◽

Soil Microbial

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Varietal effects of eight paired lines of transgenic Bt maize and near-isogenic non-Bt maize on soil microbial and nematode community structure.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1064831.517764 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth Hood

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Nematode Community ◽

Bt Maize ◽

Soil Microbial

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Altitudinal gradient affect abundance, diversity and metabolic footprint of soil nematodes in Banihal-Pass of Pir-Panjal mountain range

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95651-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shahid Afzal ◽

Humira Nesar ◽

Zarrin Imran ◽

Wasim Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Elevation Gradient ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Nematode Community ◽

Mountain Range ◽

Soil Nematode ◽

Nematode Communities ◽

Nematode Abundance ◽

Belowground Carbon ◽

Abundance And Diversity

AbstractDespite enormous diversity, abundance and their role in ecosystem processes, little is known about how community structures of soil-inhabiting nematodes differ across elevation gradient. For this, soil nematode communities were investigated along an elevation gradient of 1000–2500 masl across a temperate vegetation in Banihal-Pass of Pir-Panjal mountain range. We aimed to determine how the elevation gradient affect the nematode community structure, diversity and contribution to belowground carbon assimilation in the form of metabolic footprint. Our results showed that total nematode abundance and the abundance of different trophic groups (fungivores, herbivores and omnivores) declined with the increase of elevation. Shannon index, generic richness and evenness index indicated that nematode communities were more diverse at lower elevations and declined significantly with increase in elevation. Nematode community showed a pattern of decline in overall metabolic footprint with the increase of elevation. Nematode abundance and diversity proved to be more sensitive to elevation induced changes as more abundant and diverse nematode assemblage are supported at lower elevations. Overall it appears nematode abundance, diversity and contribution to belowground carbon cycling is stronger at lower elevations and gradually keep declining towards higher elevations under temperate vegetation cover in Banihal-pass of Pir-Panjal mountain range.

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Application of Nematode Community Analyses-Based Models towards Identifying Sustainable Soil Health Management Outcomes: A Review of the Concepts

Soil Systems ◽

10.3390/soilsystems5020032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Haddish Melakeberhan ◽

Gregory Bonito ◽

Alexandra N. Kravchenko

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Health Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Soil Health ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Nematode Community ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Worst Case ◽

Pests And Diseases ◽

Water Holding

Soil health connotes the balance of biological, physicochemical, nutritional, structural, and water-holding components necessary to sustain plant productivity. Despite a substantial knowledge base, achieving sustainable soil health remains a goal because it is difficult to simultaneously: (i) improve soil structure, physicochemistry, water-holding capacity, and nutrient cycling; (ii) suppress pests and diseases while increasing beneficial organisms; and (iii) improve biological functioning leading to improved biomass/crop yield. The objectives of this review are (a) to identify agricultural practices (APs) driving soil health degradations and barriers to developing sustainable soil health, and (b) to describe how the nematode community analyses-based soil food web (SFW) and fertilizer use efficiency (FUE) data visualization models can be used towards developing sustainable soil health. The SFW model considers changes in beneficial nematode population dynamics relative to food and reproduction (enrichment index, EI; y-axis) and resistance to disturbance (structure index, SI; x-axis) in order to identify best-to-worst case scenarios for nutrient cycling and agroecosystem suitability of AP-driven outcomes. The FUE model visualizes associations between beneficial and plant-parasitic nematodes (x-axis) and ecosystem services (e.g., yield or nutrients, y-axis). The x-y relationship identifies best-to-worst case scenarios of the outcomes for sustainability. Both models can serve as platforms towards developing integrated and sustainable soil health management strategies on a location-specific or a one-size-fits-all basis. Future improvements for increased implementation of these models are discussed.

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