Energy Retrofit. A Case Study—Santi Romano Dormitory on the Palermo University

Electrical and thermal consumption related to buildings, whether civil, commercial, public, or of any other kind, is very much in focus today. With today’s targets for energy savings, reduction of consumption, and environmental impact, it is necessary to carry out energy retrofits to modernize installations and their management. The realization of an effective improvement requires a careful analysis of the case study because each category of building has different requirements such as different load profiles and different installations and needs. This was carried out by studying the electrical and thermal load profiles. A good initial energy audit can provide the retrofit solutions capable of achieving the reduction of energy consumption and the emission of climate-changing gases into the atmosphere. A case study, carried out by the Department of Engineering of Palermo, showed how it is possible to perform an energy retrofit to modernize the energy system of the student dormitory at the University of Palermo. The paper presented a study carried out by programming a series of interlinked calculations in Microsoft Excel. In order to quantify the energy savings of the structure under examination, it is necessary to enter some input data, thanks to which all the formulas implemented in the calculation software were automatically completed. The programming of the calculations makes it possible to carry out an energy retrofit with interventions on the building envelope and the installations. The desire to program an automated calculation by modifying only the input data is intended to replicate a study on other buildings with the same peculiarities. In this way, it is possible to verify which retrofit hypotheses would be useful to upgrade old public administration buildings. In the analyzed case study, 65% of electrical energy and 33% of thermal energy could be saved by replacing generation systems, installing a co-generator, replacing windows, and replacing lamps with LED ones.

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KAJIAN SUMBER ENERGI PADA PENGOLAHAN KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI CRUDE PALM OIL (CPO) DI PT. ALNO AGRO UTAMA SUMINDO OIL MILL, BENGKULU UTARA

AGROINTEK ◽

10.21107/agrointek.v11i2.3175 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Lukman Hidayat ◽

Fitri Electrika Dewi Surawan ◽

Arga Harianda Lumban Raja

Keyword(s):

Technical Efficiency ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Energy Analysis ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Primary Energy ◽

Initial Energy ◽

Total Efficiency ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

Energy Needs

Increasing demand for Crude Palm Oil (CPO) as the vegetable oil was causing the industry to cultivate palm oil increased, so that the energy required to produce CPO also increased. The purpose of this study is to identify the type, source and calculate the amount of energy needs, calculate the level of efficiency and energy savings opportunities. Stages of the research are initial energy analysis, a detailed energy, and energy analysis in processing systems. Based on the research results, to produce each kg of CPO processing capacity of 60 ton TBS / hour with a recovery rate of 20.59% of primary energy needs of 16.200679 MJ / kg. Real boiler efficiency of 45.69%, the real efficiency of the turbine was 94, 86%. Turbine efficiency to generate electrical energy by 1.09%, the technical efficiency of 66.80% turbines, diesel generators technical efficiency of 47.25%, the technical efficiency of electric motors by 59.37%. The total efficiency of electricity use by 4,75%, the efficiency of diesel estate of 1.379% and the efficiency of the use of steam at 93.77%. Energy can be saved by 0.0442 MJ / kg with a description of human powered energy of 0.0004316 MJ / kg, energy electrical energy by .04372 MJ / kg. While energy can be stored on the excess energy to fuel biomass boiler was 1.45 MJ / kg

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Parametric-based and automatized GIS application to calculate energy savings of the building envelope in rehabilitated nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB). Case study of Zaragoza, Spain

Energy and Buildings ◽

10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.109922 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 215 ◽

pp. 109922 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Claudio Javier García-Ballano ◽

Ana Ruiz-Varona ◽

Luis Casas-Villarreal

Keyword(s):

Energy Savings ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Zero Energy ◽

Gis Application ◽

Zero Energy Buildings

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Indoor Environmental Quality Analysis for Optimizing Energy Consumptions Varying Air Ventilation Rates

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12020482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 482 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francesco Mancini ◽

Fabio Nardecchia ◽

Daniele Groppi ◽

Francesco Ruperto ◽

Carlo Romeo

Keyword(s):

Environmental Quality ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Building Envelope ◽

In Situ Monitoring ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Airflow Rate ◽

Indoor Environmental Quality ◽

Hvac System ◽

Energy Consumptions

The energy refurbishment of the existing building heritage is one of the pillars of Italian energy policy. Aiming for energy efficiency and energy saving in end uses, there are wide and diversified improvement strategies, which include interventions on the building envelope and Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems, with the introduction of renewable energy sources. The research aims at evaluating the building energy consumptions and Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ), varying the airflow rates handled by the HVAC system. A Case Study (the Aula Magna of a university building) is analysed; an in-situ monitoring campaign was carried out to evaluate the trend of some environmental parameters that are considered to be significant when varying the external airflow rates handled by the HVAC system. Additionally, dynamic simulations were carried out, with the aim of evaluating the energy savings coming from the airflow rates reduction. The results of this case study highlight the opportunity to achieve significant energy savings, with only slight variations in IEQ; a 50% reduction in airflow rate would decrease energy consumption by up to 45.2%, while increasing the carbon dioxide concentration from 545 ppm to 655 ppm, while the Particulate Matter and Total Volatile Organic Compounds increase is insignificant.

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Sustainability and cost assessment of coastal vacation homes for energy retrofits

Built Environment Project and Asset Management ◽

10.1108/bepam-08-2016-0034 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 185-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kamalesh Panthi ◽

Kanchan Das ◽

Tarek Abdel-Salam

Keyword(s):

Energy Use ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Energy Usage ◽

Water Heater ◽

Content Type ◽

Modeling Software ◽

Energy Use Intensity

Purpose Vacation rental homes, in general, have different energy usage characteristics than traditional residential homes mainly because of the occupancy pattern that changes on a weekly basis. These homes, predominantly larger in size, offer a greater scope for energy savings also because of the wasteful habits of their seasonal occupants. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causes of energy inefficiencies prevalent in these homes so that appropriate retrofit choices can be offered to homeowners. Design/methodology/approach This research presents a case study of a vacation rental home whose energy consumption was investigated in depth and energy inefficiencies identified through modeling using energy modeling software, eQUEST. Simulations were performed to identify viable retrofit scenarios. Findings While improvement in the building envelope such as providing shades/overhangs on the windows, reducing infiltration and increasing insulation of the exterior wall did not show promising results for savings on energy cost, other improvements such as use of highly efficient lamps, tank-less water heater system and occupancy sensors showed viable investment options with shorter payback periods. It was also found that energy use intensity of sampled houses was about half of the average of US residential buildings, which could primarily be attributed to the seasonal nature of occupancy of these houses. Originality/value There is a dearth of literature pertaining to energy efficiency-related retrofits of coastal vacation homes. This research fills that gap to some extent by addressing this issue with an ultimate aim of assisting homeowners in retrofit decision-making.

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Integrating Greenhouse Gas Emissions Costs in Lifecycle Loss Evaluations: A Case Study for Transmission Lines

Conference Papers in Energy ◽

10.1155/2013/682130 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Antonis L. Lazari ◽

Charalambos A. Charalambous

Keyword(s):

Power Systems ◽

Transmission Line ◽

Transmission Lines ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Low Loss ◽

Enhanced Transmission ◽

Investment Volume

Considering the investment volume in the electrical energy infrastructure and the increasing awareness for global warming and climate change, this paper aims to deliver an enhanced transmission line losses evaluation method that integrates true environment financial figures. The enormous volume of transmission lines utilized in power systems across the world provides a considerable potential for energy savings by adopting the idea of “energy-efficient transmission lines.” In this paper the total owning cost (TOC) formula with built-in environmental components is used to assess the relative economic benefit of a high-first-cost, low-loss transmission line unit versus one with a lower first cost and higher losses. The proposed methodology is applied on the Cyprus Power System, by incorporating true financial data and system characteristics.

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Environmental Assessment of Buildings – A Suggestion

Slovak Journal of Civil Engineering ◽

10.2478/sjce-2020-0003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

Martin Jamnický ◽

Roman Rabenseifer

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Service Life ◽

Environmental Assessment ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Input Data ◽

Building Envelope ◽

Embodied Energy ◽

Actual Case ◽

Detached House

AbstractThis article proposes to contribute to the discussion on environmental product declarations for buildings. Using a simple life-cycle analysis of a low-energy detached house and CO2-equivalent emissions as a comparative unit, the case study presented illustrates the problems with the initial input data related to embodied energy and a definition of the criteria for an assessment of the environmental quality of buildings. The actual case study compares the expected energy demand of a detached house in the course of its service life and the energy input (embodied energy) necessary for its assembly and for the manufacture of the individual building products. The operation of the building during its service life is described using a computer-aided building performance simulation. The input data related to the embodied energy are based on information from classical works on life cycle analyses. In addition, the article discusses the limits of building envelope improvements in terms of the thickness of thermal insulation and also stresses the increasing significance of embodied energy in the environmental assessment of buildings.

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From Intelligent Energy Management to Value Economy through a Digital Energy Currency: Bahrain City Case Study

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20051456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1456 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vangelis Marinakis ◽

Haris Doukas ◽

Konstantinos Koasidis ◽

Hanan Albuflasa

Keyword(s):

Information And Communication Technologies ◽

Energy Management ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Energy System ◽

Effective Energy ◽

Behavioural Patterns ◽

Information And Communication ◽

Regional Authorities

The transition of the energy system into a more efficient state requires innovative ideas to finance new schemes and engage people into adjusting their behavioural patterns concerning consumption. Effective energy management combined with Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) open new opportunities for local and regional authorities, but also for energy suppliers, utilities and other obligated parties, or even energy cooperatives, to implement mechanisms that allow people to become more efficient either by producing and trading energy or by reducing their energy consumption. In this paper, a novel framework is proposed connecting energy savings with a digital energy currency. This framework builds reward schemes where the energy end-users could benefit financially from saving energy, by receiving coins according to their real consumption compared to the predicted consumption if no actions were to take place. A pilot appraisal of such a scheme is presented for the case of Bahrain, so as to simulate the behaviour of the proposed framework in order for it to become a viable choice for intelligent energy management in future action plans.

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