scholarly journals Investigation of In Vitro Endocrine Activities of Microcystis and Planktothrix Cyanobacterial Strains

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittoria Mallia ◽  
Lada Ivanova ◽  
Gunnar S. Eriksen ◽  
Emma Harper ◽  
Lisa Connolly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Liver Microsomes ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Agonist And Antagonist ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Potential Risks

Cyanobacteria are cosmopolitan photosynthetic prokaryotes that can form dense accumulations in aquatic environments. They are able to produce many bioactive metabolites, some of which are potentially endocrine disrupting compounds, i.e., compounds that interfere with the hormonal systems of animals and humans. Endocrine disruptors represent potential risks to both environmental and human health, making them a global challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential endocrine disrupting activities with emphasis on estrogenic effects of extracts from cultures of Microcystis or Planktothrix species. We also assessed the possible role of microcystins, some of the most studied cyanobacterial toxins, and thus included both microcystin-producing and non-producing strains. Extracts from 26 cyanobacterial cultures were initially screened in estrogen-, androgen-, and glucocorticoid-responsive reporter-gene assays (RGAs) in order to identify endocrine disruption at the level of nuclear receptor transcriptional activity. Extracts from selected strains were tested repeatedly in the estrogen-responsive RGAs, but the observed estrogen agonist and antagonist activity was minor and similar to that of the cyanobacteria growth medium control. We thus focused on another, non-receptor mediated mechanism of action, and studied the 17β-estradiol (natural estrogen hormone) biotransformation in human liver microsomes in the presence or absence of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), or an extract from the MC-LR producing M. aeruginosa PCC7806 strain. Our results show a modulating effect on the estradiol biotransformation. Thus, while 2-hydroxylation was significantly decreased following co-incubation of 17β-estradiol with MC-LR or M. aeruginosa PCC7806 extract, the relative concentration of estrone was increased.

Balancing the budget of environmental estrogen exposure: the contribution of recycled water

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic D. L. Leusch ◽  
Michael R. Moore ◽  
Heather F. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Estrogen Exposure ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
17Β Estradiol

Estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (e-EDCs) are present in treated sewage and there is concern about estrogenicity of potable recycled water. However e-EDCs are also present in other environmental media and intake from water needs to be considered in relation to these other sources. The concentrations of 13 e-EDCs in foodstuffs and drinking water are reviewed, their predicted concentrations in recycled water are estimated, and the daily estrogenic intake as 17β-estradiol equivalent (EEq) based on both in vitro and in vivo potencies is calculated as 1.39 and 9.65 μg EEq/d, respectively. Dietary intake accounts for more than 99.8% of that total, and more than 84.2% is due to phytosterols. Drinking 2 L of recycled water per day is expected to add 0.001 to 0.016 μg EEq/d based on in vitro and in vivo potencies, respectively. Exposure to e-EDCs in recycled water is therefore likely to be insignificant compared to current dietary intakes.

The potential reproductive effects of exposure of domestic ruminants to endocrine disrupting compounds

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Boerjan ◽  
S. Freijnagel ◽  
S.M. Rhind ◽  
G.A.L. Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Contaminated Food

AbstractChemical compounds that mimic or block some of the actions of the steroid hormone oestradiol, have created public concern primarily because of potential adverse reproductive effects in wildlife and humans. Many studies, in vivo and in vitro, have revealed abnormal reproductive function following exposure to these compounds. The number of chemicals known to have the potential to modulate endocrine functions is increasing. In contrast to humans and wildlife, the potential reproductive effects of exposure of domestic animals to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) have been studied little. The aim of this overview is to evaluate the possible contribution of EDC to reproductive failure in domestic ruminants.Sources and classes of EDC are discussed as well as their structure and the modes of hormone disruption. Endocrine disrupting agents may interfere with the reproductive processes of both males and females at several points of the reproductive cycle and through a range of physiological mechanisms. Extrapolating from the results obtained with laboratory animals, the mechanisms whereby infertility in domestic ruminants might be expressed by exposure to EDC through contaminated food and drinking water are addressed.A preliminary risk assessment is included and it is concluded that under certain circumstances there may be a significantly enhanced intake of oestrogenic hormones and EDC through sewage-contaminated water or soil-contaminated herbage. The physiological consequences for domestic ruminants of EDC ingestion, at the rates estimated, are largely unknown. However, the levels of exposure to oestrogenic hormones and phthalates in grazing ruminants are such that when studying fertility problems in high-yielding dairy cattle the impacts of exposure to endocrine disruptors via the food and drinking water cannot be neglected.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Estrogenic Response of Yeast Screen Assay by Exposure to Non-Lethal Levels of Metallic Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3796
Author(s):  
Byoung-cheun Lee ◽  
Cuong N. Duong ◽  
Jungkon Kim ◽  
Suejin Kim ◽  
Ig-chun Eom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Tem Analysis ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
17Β Estradiol

In order to investigate the effects of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the performance of in vitro bioassay, zinc oxide NP (ZnO NP), aluminum oxide NP (Al2O3 NP), bare silver NP (Ag NP), and Ag NP capped with citrate (Agcit NP) were evaluated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y190) two-hybrid system (YES assay), carrying Japanese medaka estrogen receptors (mERs) in the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10−6 M), a reference chemical for estrogenic activity. The distribution of NPs in the yeast was also examined by field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM). The results show that TEM analysis revealed that NPs were present inside the yeast and accumulated deep inside the cell organelles, suggesting that cell death was caused by NPs. However, despite no significant change of mortality, the E2 estrogenic activities in yeast exposed to ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP were dose-dependently reduced. For Ag NP and Agcit NP, such phenomenon observed in the exposure of ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP did not occur. From the observations, we found that ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP in the environmental media could result in underestimated estrogenicity of endocrine-disrupting compounds when evaluated by YES assay.

In vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) by PBTK modeling for animal-free risk assessment approaches of potential endocrine-disrupting compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Fabian ◽  
Caroline Gomes ◽  
Barbara Birk ◽  
Tabitha Williford ◽  
Tzutzuy Ramirez Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
In Vivo Extrapolation

scholarly journals Ecological Risk Assessment of Five Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds in Wastewater Treatment Plants from Monterrey, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khirbet López-Velázquez ◽  
Jorge L. Guzmán-Mar ◽  
Hugo A. Saldarriaga-Noreña ◽  
Mario A. Murillo-Tovar ◽  
Minerva Villanueva-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Potential Ecological Risk ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Hazardous Compounds

Abstract The potential ecological risk of five residual endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) was studied. The wastewater samples were collected in WWTPs of the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey, Mexico (designed as Monterrey City hereinafter) and 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (4NP), and 4-tert-octylphenol (4TOP) were studied by SPE/GC-MS method. Results showed that all EDCs are widely distributed in WWTPs, finding high concentrations of BPA (450 ng/L) and EE2 (407.5 ng/L) in influents, while EE2 and 4TOP were the most abundant in effluents at levels from 1.6–26.8 ng/L (EE2) and < LOQ – 5.0 ng/L (4TOP), which corroborate that the wastewater discharges represent critical sources of EDCs to the aquatic environments. The potential ecological risk of residual EDCs was evaluated through risk quotients (RQs), and results indicated that the effluents of the WWTPs represent a high risk to exposed aquatic species, mainly due to the effect of residual estrogens E2 and EE2 which were considered as the most hazardous compounds among the studied EDCs, with RQ values up to 49.1 and 1165.2, respectively.

scholarly journals Mixture effects of endocrine disrupting compounds in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Kjaerstad ◽  
C. Taxvig ◽  
H. R. Andersen ◽  
C. Nellemann
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Mixture Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

scholarly journals Estrogenic activity in reused water: comparison of concentration methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130
Author(s):  
Natasha Berendonk Handam
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Concentration Methods

Determining the presence of endocrine disrupting substances in waters is a relevant aspect for monitoring environmental health. Given its relevance, it is important to use methods that can make the total concentration of substances with estrogenic activity (eg endocrine disruptors), being faster, and without the use of compounds that pollute the environment. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the methods of concentration by lyophilization and by vacuum concentration of substances with estrogenic activity present in reused water, using the commonly used methodology, solid phase extraction. Three methods were compared: solid phase extraction, lyophilization, and vacuum centrifugation. Sample aliquots of reused water received 17β-estradiol at a final concentration of 2 μg L-1 and were concentrated by the three methods. The analysis of estrogenic activity was performed by the in vitro YES (Yeast Estrogen Screen) assay. The results showed that the vacuum centrifugation, solid phase extraction and lyophilization methods had different percentages in the recovery of substances with estrogenic activity, being 45%, 40%, and 31%, respectively. The study pointed out that the lyophilization and vacuum centrifugation methods were effective as alternative methods for concentrating samples containing substances with estrogenic activity.

In vitro assessment of sex steroids and related compounds in water and sediments – a critical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chimi Wangmo ◽  
Sergio Jarque ◽  
Klára Hilscherová ◽  
Luděk Bláha ◽  
Michal Bittner
Keyword(s):  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
In Vitro Assessment ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Water And Sediment Samples

Detection of endocrine disrupting compounds in water and sediment samples has gained much importance since the evidence of their effects was reported in aquatic ecosystems in the 1990s.

Australia's National Biosolid Research Program - how it came about, and what has it discovered?

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. McLaughlin ◽  
M. St.J. Warne ◽  
D.P. Stevens ◽  
M.S. Whatmuff ◽  
D. Heemsbergen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Program ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
New South ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Regional Water

The National Biosolids Research Program (NBRP) was established by the CSIRO Centre for Environmental Contaminants Research in 2002 in order to coordinate research relating to the benefits and risks of using biosolids for Australian agriculture. Prior to the establishment of the NBRP, research on biosolid use in agriculture had been concentrated in one state (New South Wales), with pockets of uncoordinated activity in other states. The NBRP is a coalition of seven research agencies around Australia, with support from several metropolitan and regional water authorities, and from several state environmental and natural resource management agencies. In terms of potential environmental risks, the NBRP initially concentrated on metals and focussed field experimentation on cadmium, copper and zinc. The research has subsequently moved onto examining potential risks from pathogens, pharmaceuticals, endocrine disrupting compounds and personal care products. As well as potential risks, the benefits of nutrients and organic matter in biosolids on crop growth are also being assessed, with various cropping systems around Australia being evaluated.

scholarly journals Assessing the endocrine disrupting potentials and genotoxicity in environmental samples from Taiwanese rivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Hsin Chou ◽  
Chien-Hsun Chen ◽  
Kuang-Yu Chen ◽  
Fung-Chi Ko ◽  
Tsung-Ya Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Fish Muscles ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Agonist And Antagonist

Abstract Background Surface waters receive a variety of organic pollutants via wastewater discharge, and sediment represents a sink for hydrophobic contaminants. In this study, we used in vitro yeast-based reporter gene assays and a Bacillus subtilis Rec-assay to examine the occurrence of endocrine disrupting activities and genotoxic potentials in samples collected from three Taiwanese rivers. Levels of 51 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in muscles of fish captured from same rivers were also analyzed to assess in vivo pollution of PAHs. Results Antagonist activities for androgen receptor and retinoid X receptor (RXR) were detected in river water extracts at environmentally relevant concentrations., and sediment extracts exhibited RXR agonist, RXR antagonist, and genotoxic potentials concurrently. Σ16 PAHs in fish muscles ranged from 44.9–242.4 ng g− 1 dry weight, representing 38 to 59% of the total 51 PAHs concentrations, and methylated PAHs of low molecular weight PAHs were often detected as well. Conclusion Taiwanese river sediment samples concomitantly exhibited RXR disrupting potentials and genotoxic activities, whereas RXR agonist and antagonist activities were simultaneously detected in several dry-season sediment extracts. PAH levels in fish muscles were categorized as minimally polluted by aromatic compounds, nonetheless, the presence of methylated PAHs in muscles samples may be of concern owing to the higher toxic potentials than their parent compounds.

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