scholarly journals Correlations between Spatial Attributes and Visitor Stay in Chinese Gardens: A Case Study of the Ningbo Tianyige Museum Gardens

Urban Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Jia Yu ◽  
Takashi Yokota ◽  
Emiko Itami ◽  
Jing Yang
Keyword(s):  
Open Spaces ◽  
Visitor Behavior ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
Chinese Gardens ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the growing popularity of Chinese gardens, few studies have explored Chinese garden tourism and the relationship between garden space and visitor behavior. Addressing this gap, this study examines the correlations between spatial attributes and visitor stay distribution in the Ningbo Tianyige Museum gardens. This study divided the garden space into twenty units across four types—water, architecture, veranda, and rockery—and identified spatial attributes using measurements and configurational calculations. Visitor stay data was comprised of 1061 cases with a stay interval of more than 30 s in three investigation periods. Results produced three primary findings. First, architecture and water spaces had the highest visitor stay density, followed by veranda space and then rockery space. Second, there is a correlation between visitor stay density and six spatial attributes: integration, choice, width, length, enclosure ratio, and seating. Third, although each type has distinctive attributes, they can be divided into two groups: (1) spacious and highly accessible open spaces (water and architecture types); (2) long narrow spaces with low accessibility and abundant seating facilities (veranda and rockery types). By exploring the relationship between Chinese gardens and modern tourism, this study provides valuable insights and suggestions for the planning and management of Chinese garden tourism.

scholarly journals Planning and Optimal Design of the Outdoor Open Spaces of Kindergartens in Basrah Governorate, Iraq: A case study of Al -Yassemin and Al-Ashar Kindergartens

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Zahraa A.N. Al Thiabi ◽  
Samira M.S. Al-Samray
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Educational Communication ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Technical Program ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Future Plans

Kindergarten buildings play an important role in society for their roles in the rehabilitation of children before  joining  the primary stage to fit  the development of the educational process., They are considered the first real social establishment organizing and preparing  the child for the  outdoor  world to show  his personal creative and intellectual energy .The relationship between the kindergarten building and its open spaces and its impact on increasing the cultural and social awareness are reflected successfully on the educational communication of children. The researcher has presented the proposed designs using modern technical  program (AutoCAD) and she  hopes that this study will be a part of future plans in the planning and designing of open spaces of kindergarten buildings including comprehensive basics and international standards of childhood.

scholarly journals Study on Relationship between Roles of Public Open Spaces and Pedestrians Inside Campus

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
Chompoonut Kongphunphin ◽  
Pál Hegyi ◽  
Csaba Koren
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Physical Layout ◽  
Main Factor ◽  
Public Open Spaces

Public open spaces in campuses are social places for students and staffs. Convenient accessibility both physical and visual is the main factor that attracts people to use these spaces. This article analyses the physical layout of public open spaces through their relationship with the surrounding. The purpose of this study is to compare the relationship between public open spaces and pedestrians in the campuses. The case study conducted in four campuses located in Thailand and Hungary. In order to get the required data, spatial analysis from Geographic Information System and observation survey was employed as qualitative techniques. The study revealed that pedestrian facilities are the most important accessibility types in public open spaces in each campus. The different lengths of pedestrian facilities are related with three factors of campuses’ layout. They are the size, surrounding and design elements of the campuses and their public open spaces.

scholarly journals Design of urban furniture to enhance the soundscape: A case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gioia Fusaro ◽  
Francesco D’Alessandro ◽  
Giorgio Baldinelli ◽  
Jian Kang
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Environmental Feasibility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Printing

In modern urban scenarios, all the aspects of the historical heritage, including public open spaces and ancient buildings, have to meet the high increase of density of infrastructures and constructions, with the consequent change of visual and sound environments. This in turn affects people’s quality of life. Because of the growing interest on this problem, this study investigates the relationship between soundscape and design solutions for urban furniture, considering technical and environmental feasibility of the designing process, from the materials characteristics, to the acoustic and psychoacoustic impact of the tool on the user. The process includes the acoustic suitability of three-dimensional printing materials, the suitability of acoustic design using software simulation, the experimental assessment of the performance of the three-dimensional printed prototype and the statistical evaluation of the chosen studying parameters and conditions. This article describes all the stages of the designing process, with a focus on the study of shapes and volumes of the prototype and on its impact on the user’s perception. FEM simulations and experimental tests performed in a semi-anechoic chamber allowed to validate the design process. These analyses proved that the designed prototype of urban furniture can not only positively influence the physical environment but also the psychoacoustic perception of it.

Kämpfe um Bergbau und die Möglichkeiten demokratischer Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (189) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Mining Project ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the political effects of popular consultations as a means of direct democracy in struggles over mining. Building on concepts from participatory and materialist democracy theory, it shows the transformative potentials of processes of direct democracy towards democratization and emancipation under, and beyond, capitalist and liberal democratic conditions. Empirically the analysis is based on a case study on the protests against the La Colosa gold mining project in Colombia. The analysis reveals that although processes of direct democracy in conflicts over mining cannot transform existing class inequalities and social power relations fundamentally, they can nevertheless alter elements thereof. These are for example the relationship between local and national governments, changes of the political agenda of mining and the opening of new spaces for political participation, where previously there were none. It is here where it’s emancipatory potential can be found.

Interactive acculturation of Turkish-Belgian parents and children in Flanders: A case study of Beringen

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-428
Author(s):  
Özgün Ünver ◽  
Ides Nicaise
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Domain Specificity ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Education And Care ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Town

This article tackles the relationship between Turkish-Belgian families with the Flemish society, within the specific context of their experiences with early childhood education and care (ECEC) system in Flanders. Our findings are based on a focus group with mothers in the town of Beringen. The intercultural dimension of the relationships between these families and ECEC services is discussed using the Interactive Acculturation Model (IAM). The acculturation patterns are discussed under three main headlines: language acquisition, social interaction and maternal employment. Within the context of IAM, our findings point to some degree of separationism of Turkish-Belgian families, while they perceive the Flemish majority to have an assimilationist attitude. This combination suggests a conflictual type of interaction. However, both parties also display some traits of integrationism, which points to the domain-specificity of interactive acculturation.

The Relationship between Working Environment and Internship Satisfaction Level: A Case Study Of A 4-Star Hotel Restaurant In Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-291
Author(s):  
Chatarina Natalia Putri
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Supervisory Support ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
The Relationship

There are many factors that can lead to internship satisfaction. Working environment is one of the factors that will result to such outcome. However, many organizations discarded the fact of its importance. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a significant relationship between working environment and internship satisfaction level as well as to determine whether the dimensions of working environment significantly affect internship satisfaction. The said dimensions are, learning opportunities, supervisory support, career development opportunities, co-workers support, organization satisfaction, working hours and esteem needs. A total of 111 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and were processed by SPSS program to obtain the result of this study. The results reveal that learning opportunities, career development opportunities, organization satisfaction and esteem needs are factors that contribute to internship satisfaction level. In the other hand, supervisory support, co-workers support and working hours are factors that lead to internship dissatisfaction. The result also shows that organization satisfaction is the strongest factor that affects internship satisfaction while co-workers support is the weakest.

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