scholarly journals Pediatric Infections by Human mastadenovirus C Types 2, 89, and a Recombinant Type Detected in Japan between 2011 and 2018

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1131
Author(s):  
Kenichiro Takahashi ◽  
Gabriel Gonzalez ◽  
Masaaki Kobayashi ◽  
Nozomu Hanaoka ◽  
Michael J. Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Penton Base ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Pairwise Identity ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Recombinant Type ◽  
Pediatric Infections

Between 2011 and 2018, 518 respiratory adenovirus infections were diagnosed in a pediatric clinic in Shizuoka, Japan. Detection and typing were performed by partial sequencing of both hexon- and fiber-coding regions which identified: adenovirus type 1 (Ad-1, n = 85), Ad-2 (n = 160), Ad-3 (n = 193), Ad-4 (n = 18), Ad-5 (n = 27), Ad-11 (n = 2), Ad-54 (n = 3), and Ad-56 (n = 1). Considering previous reports of the circulation of an endemic recombinant Ad-2, e.g., Ad-89, 100 samples typed as Ad-2 were randomly selected for further molecular typing by sequencing the penton base-coding region. Despite the high nucleotide sequence conservation in the penton base- coding region, 27 samples showed 98% identity to Ad-2. Furthermore, 14 samples showed 97.7% identity to Ad-2 and 99.8% identity to Ad-89, while the remaining 13 samples showed an average 98% pairwise identity to other Ad-C types and clustered with Ad-5. The samples typed as Ad-89 (n = 14) and as a recombinant Ad type (P5H2F2) (n = 13) represented 27% of cases originally diagnosed as Ad-2, and were detected sporadically. Therefore, two previously uncharacterized types in Japan, Ad-89 and a recombinant Ad-C, were shown to circulate in children. This study creates a precedent to evaluate the epidemiology and divergence among Ad-C types by comprehensively considering the type classification of adenoviruses.

scholarly journals Usage of Integrin and Heparan Sulfate as Receptors for Mouse Adenovirus Type 1

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 2831-2838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmila Raman ◽  
Tien-Huei Hsu ◽  
Shanna L. Ashley ◽  
Katherine R. Spindler
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Penton Base ◽  
Rgd Sequence ◽  
Mouse Embryo Fibroblasts ◽  
Heparin Sulfate ◽  
Infection Treatment

ABSTRACT Adenovirus fiber knobs are the capsid components that interact with binding receptors on cells, while an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) sequence usually found in the penton base protein is important for the interaction of most adenoviruses with integrin entry receptors. Mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) lacks an RGD sequence in the virion penton base protein. We tested whether an RGD sequence found in the MAV-1 fiber knob plays a role in infection. Treatment of cells with a competitor RGD peptide or a purified recombinant RGD-containing fiber knob prior to infection resulted in reduced virus yields compared to those of controls, indicating the importance of the RGD sequence for infection. An investigation of the role of integrins as possible receptors showed that MAV-1 yields were reduced in the presence of EDTA, an inhibitor of integrin binding, and in the presence of anti-αv integrin antibody. Moreover, mouse embryo fibroblasts that were genetically deficient in αv integrin yielded less virus, supporting the hypothesis that αv integrin is a likely receptor for MAV-1. We also investigated whether glycosaminoglycans play a role in MAV-1 infection. Preincubation of MAV-1 with heparin, a heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan analog, resulted in a decrease in MAV-1 virus yields. Reduced MAV-1 infectivity was also found with cells that genetically lack heparan sulfate or cells that were treated with heparinase I. Cumulatively, our data demonstrate that the RGD sequence in the MAV-1 fiber knob plays a role in infection by MAV-1, αv integrin acts as a receptor for the virus, and cell surface heparin sulfate glycosaminoglycans are important in MAV-1 infection.

Sequence of the human glycogen-associated regulatory subunit of type 1 protein phosphatase and analysis of its coding region and mRNA level in muscle from patients with NIDDM

Diabetes ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1234-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Chen ◽  
L. Hansen ◽  
M. X. Chen ◽  
C. Bjorbaek ◽  
H. Vestergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Regulatory Subunit ◽  
Coding Region

scholarly journals CTLA-4 (+49A/G) Polymorphism in Type 1 Diabetes Children of Sudanese Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
pp. 011-018
Author(s):  
Khalid E. Khalid Kheiralla
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Cytotoxic Lymphocyte ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Homozygous Genotype ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Α Helix

Abstract Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an organ-specific T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, characterized by destruction of pancreatic islets. Cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a negative regulator of T cell proliferation, thus conferring susceptibility to autoimmunity. Aims This study aimed to investigate the association of CTLA-4 +49A/G (rs231775) polymorphism with a risk of T1DM in Sudanese children. Methods This a case–control study included 100 children with T1DM, referred to the pediatric clinic at referral pediatric teaching hospital in Gezira State-Sudan. Hundred unrelated healthy controls were recruited from departments in the same hospital. Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA)-preserved blood using QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit (QIAamp Blood) (QIAGEN; Valencia, CA). The polymerase chain reaction PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing were applied for the CTLA-4 (+49A/G) genotyping. The changes accompanied the polymorphism were evaluated using relevant bioinformatics tools. Results The genotype and allele frequencies of the CTLA-4 (+49A/G) polymorphism were significantly different between the patients and controls (p = 0.00013 and 0.0002, respectively). In particular, the frequency of the G allele, GG homozygous genotype, and AG heterozygous genotype were significantly increased in patients than in controls ([28% versus 7%, odds ratio (OR) = 5.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.77–9.65, p = 0.00] [12% versus 2%, OR = 6.68, CI = 1.46–30.69, p = 0.01] [32% versus 10%, OR = 4.24, CI = 1.95–9.21, p = 0.00], respectively). The presence of the G allele (homozygous) showed an influence on the signal peptide polarity, hydrophobicity, and α-helix propensity of the CTLA-protein. Conclusion The results further support the association of CTLA-4 (+49A/G) polymorphism and the risk of T1DM in our study population.

The challenges of diagnosing diabetes in childhood

Diagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairi Pucci ◽  
Marco Benati ◽  
Claudia Lo Cascio ◽  
Martina Montagnana ◽  
Giuseppe Lippi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Step

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, whereby type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) alone involves nearly 15 million patients. Although T1DM and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the most common types, there are other forms of diabetes which may remain often under-diagnosed, or that can be misdiagnosed as being T1DM or T2DM. After an initial diagnostic step, the differential diagnosis among T1DM, T2DM, Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) and others forms has important implication for both therapeutic and behavioral decisions. Although the criteria used for diagnosing diabetes mellitus are well defined by the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), no clear indications are provided on the optimal approach to be followed for classifying diabetes, especially in children. In this circumstance, both routine and genetic blood test may play a pivotal role. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide, through a narrative literature review, some elements that may aid accurate diagnosis and classification of diabetes in children and young people.

scholarly journals Isolation of Bovine Adenovirus Type 1 from a Calf with Pneumo-Enteritis

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-466
Author(s):  
F. Saxegaard ◽  
B. Bratberg
Keyword(s):  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Bovine Adenovirus

scholarly journals Identification of NURR1 (Exon 4) and FOXA1 (Exon 3) Haplotypes Associated with mRNA Expression Levels in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Parkinson’s Patients in Small Indian Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayakrishna Tippabathani ◽  
Jayshree Nellore ◽  
Vaishnavie Radhakrishnan ◽  
Somashree Banik ◽  
Sonia Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exon 4 ◽  
Foxa1 Expression

Here, we study the expression of NURR1 and FOXA1 mRNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes and its haplotypes in coding region in a small Chennai population of India. Thirty cases of Parkinson’s patients (PD) with anti-PD medications (20 males aged65.85±1.19and 10 females aged65.7±1.202) and 30 age matched healthy people (20 males aged68.45±1.282and 10 females aged65.8±1.133) were included. The expression of NURR1 and FOXA1 in PBL was detected by Q-PCR and haplotypes were identified by PCR-SSCP. In the 30 PD cases examined, NURR1 and FOXA1 expression was significantly reduced in both male and female PD patients. However, NURR1 (57.631% reduced in males; 28.93% in females) and FOXA1 (64.42% in males; 55.76% in females) mRNA expression did differ greatly between male and female PD patients. Polymorphisms were identified at exon 4 of the NURR1 and at exon 3 of the FOXA1, respectively, in both male and female patients. A near significant difference in SSCP patterns between genders of control and PD population was analyzed suggesting that further investigations of more patients, more molecular markers, and coding regions should be performed. Such studies could potentially reveal peripheral molecular marker of early PD and different significance to the respective genders.

The penton base of human adenovirus type 3 has the RGD motif

Gene ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Cuzange ◽  
Jadwiga Chroboczek ◽  
Bernard Jacrot
Keyword(s):  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Adenovirus Type ◽  
Penton Base ◽  
Rgd Motif ◽  
Type 3

Structure and expression of canary myc family genes

1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1770-1776
Author(s):  
R G Collum ◽  
D F Clayton ◽  
F W Alt
Keyword(s):  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Untranslated Regions ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Neuronal Precursors ◽  
Myc Gene ◽  
Mature Neurons

We found that the canary N-myc gene is highly related to mammalian N-myc genes in both the protein-coding region and the long 3' untranslated region. Examined coding regions of the canary c-myc gene were also highly related to their mammalian counterparts, but in contrast to N-myc, the canary and mammalian c-myc genes were quite divergent in their 3' untranslated regions. We readily detected N-myc and c-myc expression in the adult canary brain and found N-myc expression both at sites of proliferating neuronal precursors and in mature neurons.

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