scholarly journals Genomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Classification of Bovine Coronaviruses Through Whole Genome Sequence Analysis

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Suzuki ◽  
Yoshihiro Otake ◽  
Satoko Uchimoto ◽  
Ayako Hasebe ◽  
Yusuke Goto
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Wild Ruminant ◽  
Genome Sequence Analysis ◽  
Genomic Characterization

Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is zoonotically transmissible among species, since BCoV-like viruses have been detected in wild ruminants and humans. BCoV causing enteric and respiratory disease is widespread in cattle farms worldwide; however, limited information is available regarding the molecular characterization of BCoV because of its large genome size, despite its significant economic impact. This study aimed to better understand the genomic characterization and evolutionary dynamics of BCoV via comparative sequence and phylogenetic analyses through whole genome sequence analysis using 67 BCoV isolates collected throughout Japan from 2006 to 2017. On comparing the genomic sequences of the 67 BCoVs, genetic variations were detected in 5 of 10 open reading frames (ORFs) in the BCoV genome. Phylogenetic analysis using whole genomes from the 67 Japanese BCoV isolates in addition to those from 16 reference BCoV strains, revealed the existence of two major genotypes (classical and US wild ruminant genotypes). All Japanese BCoV isolates originated from the US wild ruminant genotype, and they tended to form the same clusters based on the year and farm of collection, not the disease type. Phylogenetic trees on hemagglutinin-esterase protein (HE), spike glycoprotein (S), nucleocapsid protein (N) genes and ORF1 revealed clusters similar to that on whole genome, suggesting that the evolution of BCoVs may be closely associated with variations in these genes. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of BCoV S genes including those of European and Asian BCoVs and human enteric coronavirus along with the Japanese BCoVs revealed that BCoVs differentiated into two major types (European and American types). Moreover, the European and American types were divided into eleven and three genotypes, respectively. Our analysis also demonstrated that BCoVs with different genotypes periodically emerged and predominantly circulated within the country. These findings provide useful information to elucidate the detailed molecular characterization of BCoVs, which have spread worldwide. Further genomic analyses of BCoV are essential to deepen the understanding of the evolution of this virus.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Novel Pathogenic Strains of Macrococcus Caseolyticus Isolated From External Wounds of Donkeys in Khartoum State –Sudan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dania Ali ◽  
Mushal Allam ◽  
Hisham Altayb ◽  
Dalia Mursi ◽  
M. A Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence Analysis ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Novel Alleles

Abstract A pathogenic strains of Macrococcus caseolyticus was isolated from wounds infection during investigation on donkeys in Khartoum State. Samples were collected from external wounds (head, abdomin, back and leg), during different seasons of the year. One isolate (124B) was identified using whole-genome sequence analysis. RAST software identified thirty-one virulent genes of disease and defense including methicillin resistant genes, TatR family and ANT(4’)-Ib. Plasmid rep22 wasidentified by PlasmidFindet-2.0 Server and a CRISPR. MILST-2.0 predicted many novel alleles. NCBI notated the genome as a novel strain of M.caseolyticus strain (DaniaSudan). The MLST-tree-V1 revealed that DaniaSudan and KM0211a strains were interrelated. Strain Daniasudan was resistant to ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, erythromycin, oxacillin, clindamycin and kanamycin. The prevalence of the strain was 4.73%, with significant differences between collection seasons and locations of wounds. Mice modling showen bacteremia and many clinical (swelling, allergy, wounds and loss of hair). Enlarged, hyperemia, adhesions and abscesses were observed in many organs. This represents the first report of pathogenic strains of M.caseolyticus worldwide.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of 2006–2008 isolates of Chikungunya virus from Kerala, South India, by whole genome sequence analysis

Virus Genes ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sreekumar ◽  
Aneesh Issac ◽  
Sajith Nair ◽  
Ramkumar Hariharan ◽  
M. B. Janki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
South India ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence Analysis

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Diversity of Vibrio cholerae Associated with Endemic Cholera in Mexico from 1991 to 2008

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon Young Choi ◽  
Shah M. Rashed ◽  
Nur A. Hasan ◽  
Munirul Alam ◽  
Tarequl Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence Analysis ◽  
El Tor

ABSTRACT An outbreak of cholera occurred in 1991 in Mexico, where it had not been reported for more than a century and is now endemic. Vibrio cholerae O1 prototype El Tor and classical strains coexist with altered El Tor strains (1991 to 1997). Nontoxigenic (CTX − ) V. cholerae El Tor dominated toxigenic (CTX + ) strains (2001 to 2003), but V. cholerae CTX + variant El Tor was isolated during 2004 to 2008, outcompeting CTX − V. cholerae . Genomes of six Mexican V. cholerae O1 strains isolated during 1991 to 2008 were sequenced and compared with both contemporary and archived strains of V. cholerae . Three were CTX + El Tor, two were CTX − El Tor, and the remaining strain was a CTX + classical isolate. Whole-genome sequence analysis showed the six isolates belonged to five distinct phylogenetic clades. One CTX − isolate is ancestral to the 6th and 7th pandemic CTX + V. cholerae isolates. The other CTX − isolate joined with CTX − non-O1/O139 isolates from Haiti and seroconverted O1 isolates from Brazil and Amazonia. One CTX + isolate was phylogenetically placed with the sixth pandemic classical clade and the V. cholerae O395 classical reference strain. Two CTX + El Tor isolates possessing intact Vibrio seventh pandemic island II (VSP-II) are related to hybrid El Tor isolates from Mozambique and Bangladesh. The third CTX + El Tor isolate contained West African-South American (WASA) recombination in VSP-II and showed relatedness to isolates from Peru and Brazil. Except for one isolate, all Mexican isolates lack SXT/R391 integrative conjugative elements (ICEs) and sensitivity to selected antibiotics, with one isolate resistant to streptomycin. No isolates were related to contemporary isolates from Asia, Africa, or Haiti, indicating phylogenetic diversity. IMPORTANCE Sequencing of genomes of V. cholerae is critical if genetic changes occurring over time in the circulating population of an area of endemicity are to be understood. Although cholera outbreaks occurred rarely in Mexico prior to the 1990s, genetically diverse V. cholerae O1 strains were isolated between 1991 and 2008. Despite the lack of strong evidence, the notion that cholera was transmitted from Africa to Latin America has been proposed in the literature. In this study, we have applied whole-genome sequence analysis to a set of 124 V. cholerae strains, including six Mexican isolates, to determine their phylogenetic relationships. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the six V. cholerae O1 isolates belong to five phylogenetic clades: i.e., basal, nontoxigenic, classical, El Tor, and hybrid El Tor. Thus, the results of phylogenetic analysis, coupled with CTXϕ array and antibiotic susceptibility, do not support single-source transmission of cholera to Mexico from African countries. The association of indigenous populations of V. cholerae that has been observed in this study suggests it plays a significant role in the dynamics of cholera in Mexico.

scholarly journals Recurrent Mycobacterium chelonae Skin Infection Unmasked as Factitious Disorder Using Bacterial Whole Genome Sequence Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Flohr ◽  
Alban Ramette ◽  
Philipp K A Agyeman ◽  
Andrea Duppenthaler ◽  
Cordula Scherer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Surgical Therapy ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Factitious Disorder ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Mycobacterium Chelonae ◽  
Genome Sequence Analysis ◽  
Adequate Therapy

Abstract Mycobacterium chelonae infections usually resolve with adequate therapy. We report the case of an adolescent with a chronic and progressive M chelonae infection refractory to combined antimicrobial and surgical therapy. Whole genome sequence analysis of consecutive isolates distinguished reinfection from recurrence and contributed to the diagnosis of a factitious disorder.

scholarly journals Application of whole genome sequence analysis to the study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Nunavut, Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e0185656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea D. Tyler ◽  
Elaine Randell ◽  
Maureen Baikie ◽  
Kym Antonation ◽  
Debra Janella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genome Sequence Analysis
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