T4-like Bacteriophages Isolated from Pig Stools Infect Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia pestis Using LPS and OmpF as Receptors

The Yersinia bacteriophages fPS-2, fPS-65, and fPS-90, isolated from pig stools, have long contractile tails and elongated heads, and they belong to genus Tequatroviruses in the order Caudovirales. The phages exhibited relatively wide host ranges among Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and related species. One-step growth curve experiments revealed that the phages have latent periods of 50–80 min with burst sizes of 44–65 virions per infected cell. The phage genomes consist of circularly permuted dsDNA of 169,060, 167,058, and 167,132 bp in size, respectively, with a G + C content 35.3%. The number of predicted genes range from 267 to 271. The phage genomes are 84–92% identical to each other and ca 85% identical to phage T4. The phage receptors were identified by whole genome sequencing of spontaneous phage-resistant mutants. The phage-resistant strains had mutations in the ompF, galU, hldD, or hldE genes. OmpF is a porin, and the other genes encode lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthetic enzymes. The ompF, galU, and hldE mutants were successfully complemented in trans with respective wild-type genes. The host recognition was assigned to long tail fiber tip protein Gp38, analogous to that of T-even phages such as Salmonella phage S16, specifically to the distal β-helices connecting loops.

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Salmonella Phage S16 Tail Fiber Adhesin Features a Rare Polyglycine Rich Domain for Host Recognition

Structure ◽

10.1016/j.str.2018.07.017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 1573-1582.e4 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Matthew Dunne ◽

Jenna M. Denyes ◽

Helena Arndt ◽

Martin J. Loessner ◽

Petr G. Leiman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Recognition ◽

Tail Fiber ◽

Rich Domain ◽

Salmonella Phage

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Structure of the Phage T4 Tail Fiber Angle

10.21236/ada403938 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Edward Goldberg

Keyword(s):

Tail Fiber ◽

Fiber Angle ◽

Phage T4

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One step “growth to spinning” of biaxially multilayered CNT web electrode for long cycling Li-O2 batteries

Carbon ◽

10.1016/j.carbon.2021.06.031 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Young Shik Cho ◽

Hyunjin Kim ◽

Minhoo Byeon ◽

Yeonsu Jung ◽

DongJoon Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

One Step ◽

Step Growth

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Aztreonam Lysine Increases the Activity of Phages E79 and phiKZ against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 152

Author(s):

Carly M. Davis ◽

Jaclyn G. McCutcheon ◽

Jonathan J. Dennis

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Burst Size ◽

Type Iv Pili ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Type Iv ◽

Alternative Treatment Option ◽

One Step ◽

Step Growth

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pernicious bacterial pathogen that is difficult to treat because of high levels of antibiotic resistance. A promising alternative treatment option for such bacteria is the application of bacteriophages; the correct combination of phages plus antibiotics can produce synergistic inhibitory effects. In this study, we describe morphological changes induced by sub-MIC levels of the antibiotic aztreonam lysine (AzLys) on P. aeruginosa PA01, which may in part explain the observed phage–antibiotic synergy (PAS). One-step growth curves for phage E79 showed increased adsorption rates, decreased infection latency, accelerated time to lysis and a minor reduction in burst size. Phage E79 plus AzLys PAS was also able to significantly reduce P. aeruginosa biofilm growth over 3-fold as compared to phage treatment alone. Sub-inhibitory AzLys-induced filamentation of P. aeruginosa cells resulted in loss of twitching motility and a reduction in swimming motility, likely due to a reduction in the number of polar Type IV pili and flagella, respectively, on the filamented cell surfaces. Phage phiKZ, which uses Type IV pili as a receptor, did not exhibit increased activity with AzLys at lower sub-inhibitory levels, but still produced phage–antibiotic synergistic killing with sub-inhibitory AzLys. A one-step growth curve indicates that phiKZ in the presence of AzLys also exhibits a decreased infection latency and moderately undergoes accelerated time to lysis. In contrast to prior PAS studies demonstrating that phages undergo delayed time to lysis with cell filamentation, these PAS results show that phages undergo accelerated time to lysis, which therefore suggests that PAS is dependent upon multiple factors, including the type of phages and antibiotics used, and the bacterial host being tested.

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Structure of two phages of Bacillus thuringiensis and B. cereus

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m74-005 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H.-W. Ackermann ◽

W. A. Smirnoff ◽

A. Z. Bilsky

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Uranyl Acetate ◽

Tail Fiber ◽

Long Tail ◽

Different Dimensions

Phage TP50 resembles phage SP50 of B. subtilis and phage No. 1 of B. mycoides. Phage PBC1 has a long tail fiber like flagella-specific phages and resembles B. pumilus phage PBP1. The latter was reexamined but has different dimensions. Heads of phages TP50 and PBP1 are icosahedral. Staining with uranyl acetate causes shrinkage of phage heads. Lysates of B. cereus contain cubic, round, or filamentous particles not previously described.

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The growth and assembly of the multidimensional hierarchical Ni3S2 for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors

CrystEngComm ◽

10.1039/c4ce02558j ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 4495-4501 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Bin Yang ◽

Lei Yu ◽

Qi Liu ◽

Jingyuan Liu ◽

Wanlu Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Energy Storage ◽

High Performance ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Hydrothermal Process ◽

Nanorod Arrays ◽

Asymmetric Supercapacitors ◽

One Step ◽

Step Growth

We synthesized the mushroom-like Ni3S2 with step by step growth that is the thin film growing on the nanorod arrays with one-step hydrothermal process, which is a novel ways to fabricate the multidimensional hierarchical electrode materials for high performance energy storage.

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Pathogen enrichment device (PED) enables one-step growth, enrichment and separation of pathogen from food matrices for detection using bioanalytical platforms

Journal of Microbiological Methods ◽

10.1016/j.mimet.2015.07.016 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 117 ◽

pp. 64-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Byoung-Kwon Hahm ◽

Hyochin Kim ◽

Atul K. Singh ◽

Arun K. Bhunia

Keyword(s):

One Step ◽

Step Growth ◽

Food Matrices

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Dissection of homologous translocon operons reveals a distinct role for YopD in type III secretion by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Microbiology ◽

10.1099/mic.0.26322-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 149 (9) ◽

pp. 2615-2626 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Jeanette E. Bröms ◽

Anna-Lena Forslund ◽

Åke Forsberg ◽

Matthew S. Francis

Keyword(s):

Type Iii Secretion ◽

Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽

Infection Process ◽

Regulatory Control ◽

Eukaryotic Cells ◽

Null Mutant ◽

Type Iii ◽

In Trans ◽

Key Residues ◽

Distinct Role

The homologous pcrGVHpopBD and lcrGVHyopBD translocase operons of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and pathogenic Yersinia spp., respectively, are responsible for the translocation of anti-host effectors into the cytosol of infected eukaryotic cells. In Yersinia, this operon is also required for yop-regulatory control. To probe for key molecular interactions during the infection process, the functional interchangeability of popB/yopB and popD/yopD was investigated. Secretion of PopB produced in trans in a ΔyopB null mutant of Yersinia was only observed when co-produced with its native chaperone PcrH, but this was sufficient to complement the yopB translocation defect. The Yersinia ΔyopD null mutant synthesized and secreted PopD even in the absence of native PcrH, yet this did not restore YopD-dependent yop-regulatory control or effector translocation. Thus, this suggests that key residues in YopD, which are not conserved in PopD, are essential for functional Yersinia type III secretion.

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