scholarly journals Effects of Waterlogging, Drought and Their Combination on Yield and Water-Use Efficiency of Five Hungarian Winter Wheat Varieties

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Farkas ◽  
Emese Varga-László ◽  
Angéla Anda ◽  
Ottó Veisz ◽  
Balázs Varga
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The effects of simulated waterlogging, drought stress and their combination were examined in a model experiment in Martonvásár, Hungary, in 2018. Four modern winter wheat varieties (‘Mv Toborzó’ (TOB), ‘Mv Mambó’ (MAM), ‘Mv Karizma’ (KAR), ‘Mv Pálma’ (PAL)) and one old Hungarian winter wheat cultivar (‘Bánkúti 1201’ (BKT)) were tested. Apart from the control treatment (C), the plants were exposed to two different abiotic stresses. To simulate waterlogging (WL), plants were flooded at four leaf stage, while in the WL + D treatment, they were stressed both by waterlogging and by simulated drought stress at the early stage of plant development and at the heading stage, respectively. The waterlogging treatment resulted in a significant decrease in plant biomass (BKT, TOB), number of spikes (TOB), grain yield (BKT, TOB), water use (BTK) and water-use efficiency (TOB, MAM, PAL) compared to the controls. The combined treatment (WL + D) led to a significant decrease in plant height (BTK, MAM, KAR), number of spikes (BTK, TOB, MAM, KAR), thousand kernel weight (TOB), harvest index (BTK), biomass, grain yield, water-use efficiency (in all varieties) and water use (BKT, TOB, MAM, KAR) of the plants. The best water-use efficiency was observed for MAM; therefore, this genotype could be recommended for cultivation at stress prone areas. The varieties MAM, KAR and PAL also showed good adaptability.

Improving water use efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat by optimizing irrigations in the North China Plain

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexin Xu ◽  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Jinpeng Li ◽  
Zuqiang Liu ◽  
Zhigan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Optimized split nitrogen fertilizer increase photosynthesis, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency under water-saving irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
Zhenwen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

AbstractThis study aims to investigate optimization of the basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio for improving winter wheat grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, water use efficiency and physiological parameters under supplemental irrigation. A water-saving irrigation (SI) regime was established and sufficient irrigation (UI) was used as a control condition. The split-nitrogen regimes used were based on a identical total nitrogen application rate of 240 kg ha−1 but were split in four different proportions between sowing and the jointing stage; i.e. 10:0 (N1), 7:3 (N2), 5:5 (N3) and 3:7 (N4). Compared with the N1, N2 and N4 treatments, N3 treatment increased grain yield, nitrogen and water use efficiencies by 5.27–17.75%, 5.68–18.78% and 5.65–31.02%, respectively, in both years. The yield advantage obtained with the optimized split-nitrogen fertilizer application may be attributable to greater flag leaf photosynthetic capacity and grain-filling capacity. Furthermore, the N3 treatment maintained the highest nitrogen and water use efficiencies. Moreover, we observed that water use efficiency of SI compared with UI increased by 9.75% in 2016 and 10.79% in 2017, respectively. It can be concluded that SI along with a 5:5 basal-top-dressing nitrogen ratio should be considered as an optimal fertigation strategy for both high grain yield and efficiency in winter wheat.

Effects of subsoil plastic film mulch on yield and water use of rainfed winter wheat

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 1197
Author(s):  
Zhang Mingming ◽  
Dong Baodi ◽  
Qiao Yunzhou ◽  
Yang Hong ◽  
Wang Yakai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Use Efficiency

Water shortage is a limiting factor to crop production in North China. Mulching is a widely used approach to conserve soil water and improve crop yield. A 2-year field experiment was conducted at the Nanpi Eco-Agricultural Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2014–16, in which yields of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a treatment with subsoil plastic film mulch were compared with non-mulch. The mulch treatment produced a 16.1% higher grain yield than the non-mulch treatment. The increase in grain yield was primarily due to a 10.1–10.9% increase in number of spikes per m2 and a 4.7–5.1% increase in number of grains per spike. Plants in the mulch treatment showed greater dry matter (DM) accumulation but similar harvest index. Yield improvement did not depend on increasing DM translocation, but was significantly related to DM accumulation at different growth stages. Increased DM accumulation before wintering, from jointing to heading and from anthesis to maturity, enhanced grain yield by promoting increased number of spikes and number of grains per spike. Soil evaporation was lower by 31.1% and transpiration increased by 28.0% in the mulch treatment, resulting in 8.9–9.4% higher water-use efficiency. Our results indicate that a subsoil plastic film mulch can effectively improve winter wheat yield and water-use efficiency under rain-fed conditions.

Water-use efficiency, photosynthetic characteristics, and high through-put phenotyping methods for soybean (glycine max) genotypes contrasting in carbon isotope discrimination

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Brett Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Flow Sensors ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Sap Flow Sensors

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Drought is a huge concern for soybean growers across the world, and in the Midwestern US is the main limitation to grain yield. A way to protect against drought stress is for plants to use water more efficiently. Carbon isotope discrimination (CID) is a measured trait that is related to water-use efficiency (WUE), and can be used to screen genotypes for higher WUE. Several genotypes were studied in multiple greenhouse and field experiments with varying drought stress treatments. Genotypes exhibiting less CID were shown to have a higher WUE, and CID was related to WUE. The higher WUE genotypes also exhibited differences in photosynthetic traits, especially in their stomatal behavior to restrict water loss. In terms of grain yield, very few differences were observed between the genotypes. Thermal images to estimate canopy temperature and sap flow sensors to estimate field water use provided excellent insight into differences among watering treatments and genotypes for transpiration rates. This research demonstrates, that in soybean, CID can be used as a screening tool to select for higher WUE, and higher WUE is likely a result of increased stomatal restrictions to prevent water loss during periods of drought stress. However, these genotypes exhibiting less transpiration showed minimal, if any grain yield reduction. Further, whole field imaging can also be utilized to identify higher WUE genotypes, and sap flow sensors can be expected to estimate water use in the field. Both resulting in reduced labor and more efficient time use.

Grain yield and water use efficiency of two types of winter wheat cultivars under different water regimes

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baodi Dong ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Changhai Shi ◽  
Yunzhou Qiao ◽  
Mengyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Use Efficiency
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