scholarly journals Sustainable Use of Groundwater Resources in the Transboundary Aquifers of the Five Central Asian Countries: Challenges and Perspectives

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2101
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Hongwei Ruan ◽  
Tianye Wang ◽  
Jingjie Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Fair Use ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
The Status ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers

Groundwater is critical for supporting socioeconomic development but has experienced gradual decreases in recent decades due to rapid population growth and economic development throughout the world. In recent years, the utilization of transboundary groundwater resources has received extensive attention globally. Because transboundary aquifers do not follow borders and are concealed, neighboring countries are prone to experiencing conflicts over the use of these transboundary groundwater resources. Therefore, an accurate and comprehensive assessment of the development potential of groundwater resources in these transboundary aquifers is necessary for the rational and fair use of those groundwater resources. Transboundary groundwater resources are an important water source for life, production, and ecological water use in Central Asia, which has a distinctive continental arid and semi-arid climate, and surface water resources in this region are relatively scarce. Considering the existing problems related to the utilization of groundwater resources in the transboundary aquifers in this region, we propose developing strategies for on-demand water abstraction, enhancing the ecological protection of transboundary aquifers, and strengthening international cooperation. This paper summarizes the distribution of 34 transboundary aquifers in Central Asia and analyzes the status and potential of groundwater resource uses in these transboundary aquifers.

scholarly journals Governance of Groundwater Resources in Transboundary Aquifers (GGRETA) project - Overview Brochure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Central America ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers ◽  
Assessment Activities

This brochure summarises activities and results of phase 1 (2013-2015) of the GGRETA project, in particular by presenting the picture emerging from the assessment activities of the 3 case studies (Stampriet Aquifer in Southern Africa, Trifinio Aquifer in Central America and Pretashkent Aquifer in Central Asia). Governance Groundwater Transboundary

scholarly journals Buried Treasure or Buried Hope? The Status of Mexico-U.S. Transboundary Aquifers under International Law

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel E. Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Law ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Agreement ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Critical Resource ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers

AbstractTransboundary aquifers found along the 2,000 mile-long border between Mexico and the United States are not governed by any treaty. Yet, these aquifers are the primary source of water for many of the twelve million people who live in this parched region. The region’s groundwater, however, is being overexploited and contaminated, which is threatening the very life that it currently sustains. As populations continue to expand and current rates of haphazard development persist, the absence of an agreement for the management and allocation of this critical resource could lead to bi-national economic, social and environmental tragedies. This study reviews groundwater resources along the Mexico-United States border and considers the obstacles to the development of an international agreement. It also looks at existing sources of law at the local, regional, national, and international levels of governance. The article offers recommendations that may lead to an amicable arrangement between the two nations.

Environmental issues of groundwater in Korea: implications for sustainable use

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Chlorinated Solvents ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
Groundwater Depletion ◽  
Monitoring Wells

SUMMARYGroundwater has been extensively exploited worldwide but is now confronted by a variety of problems, including groundwater depletion and contamination, that threaten its sustainable use as a clean water source. Groundwater is one of the major sources of water for domestic, agricultural and industrial uses, and provides 13% of the total annual water supply in Korea. Annual groundwater use has continuously increased from 2.57 billion m3 in 1994 to 3.72 billion m3 in 2007, of which 48.1% was consumed for domestic purposes. However, due to imprudent groundwater development and inappropriate management, Korea has confronted some critical groundwater problems, including extensive water level decline and quality deterioration caused by petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents. Among 193 national groundwater deep-monitoring wells nationwide, 62% showed decreasing water levels over the period 2004–2008. Soil and groundwater contamination by petroleum hydrocarbons was detected at a great number of military bases and public facilities, which drew national attention and complaints. The presence of high levels of radionuclides such as uranium and radon in groundwater has awakened controversy on their health effects. Increasing outbreaks of massive gastroenteritis were attributed to noroviruses in contaminated groundwater, and raised public health concerns. In addition, chlorinated solvents, especially trichloroethylene (TCE), have been frequently found in urban and industrial groundwaters, further adding to the burdens of environmental authorities. Consequently, these groundwater-related environmental issues have forced the Korean government and relevant authorities to urgently devise mitigation plans to secure a sustainable future use of groundwater resources. This paper provides details of the groundwater issues and implications for appropriate development and management.

scholarly journals The U.S.-Mexico Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program as a Model for Transborder Groundwater Collaboration

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Elia M. Tapia-Villaseñor ◽  
Sharon B. Megdal
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Joint Effort ◽  
Transboundary Aquifer ◽  
Assessment Program ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers

The assessment of transboundary aquifers is essential for the development of groundwater management strategies and the sustainable use of groundwater resources. The Transboundary Aquifer Assessment Program (TAAP) is a joint effort by the United States and Mexico to evaluate shared aquifers. This study examines the TAAP Cooperative Framework as a guide for further transboundary groundwater collaboration. We compared lessons learned from six transboundary aquifers that currently have mechanisms for groundwater collaboration to identify common elements of collaboration. Though the TAAP Cooperative Framework governs an assessment-only program, the elements of collaboration included are consistent with the principles of other institutional agreements around the world. Importantly, all the analyzed agreements included a knowledge-improvement phase, which is the main objective of the TAAP Cooperative Framework. The present study finds evidence of successful outcomes within the TAAP Cooperative Framework consistent with available transboundary groundwater management agreements, demonstrating that this approach is suited to serve as a model for those wishing to engage in transborder aquifer assessments. Furthermore, the TAAP elements of collaboration can help to establish the meaningful and robust binational cooperation necessary for the development of U.S.-Mexico groundwater management agreements at the aquifer level.

scholarly journals Governance of Groundwater Resources in Transboundary Aquifers (GGRETA) project - Overview Brochure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Central America ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers ◽  
Assessment Activities

This brochure summarises activities and results of phase 1 (2013-2015) of the GGRETA project, in particular by presenting the picture emerging from the assessment activities of the 3 case studies (Stampriet Aquifer in Southern Africa, Trifinio Aquifer in Central America and Pretashkent Aquifer in Central Asia). Governance Groundwater Transboundary

scholarly journals Pretashkent Aquifer -Technical Report. Governance of Groundwater Resources in Transboundary Aquifers (GGRETA) project - Phase 1.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers

This brochure présents the activities and results of the assessment of the Pretashkent Aquifer in Central Asia, undertaken during the phase 1 (2013-2015) of the GGRETA project Climate change Governance Groundwater Transboundary

scholarly journals A 3-D groundwater isoscape of the contiguous USA for forensic and water resource science

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261651
Author(s):  
Gabriel J. Bowen ◽  
Jessica S. Guo ◽  
Scott T. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Water Values

A wide range of hydrological, ecological, environmental, and forensic science applications rely on predictive “isoscape” maps to provide estimates of the hydrogen or oxygen isotopic compositions of environmental water sources. Many water isoscapes have been developed, but few studies have produced isoscapes specifically representing groundwaters. None of these have represented distinct subsurface layers and isotopic variations across them. Here we compiled >6 million well completion records and >27,000 groundwater isotope datapoints to develop a space- and depth-explicit water isoscape for the contiguous United States. This 3-dimensional model shows that vertical isotopic heterogeneity in the subsurface is substantial in some parts of the country and that groundwater isotope delta values often differ from those of coincident precipitation or surface water resources; many of these patterns can be explained by established hydrological and hydrogeological mechanisms. We validate the groundwater isoscape against an independent data set of tap water values and show that the model accurately predicts tap water values in communities known to use groundwater resources. This new approach represents a foundation for further developments and the resulting isoscape should provide improved predictions of water isotope values in systems where groundwater is a known or potential water source.

scholarly journals Governance of Groundwater Resources in Transboundary Aquifers (GGRETA) - Phase 1 – 2013-2015- Main Achievements and Key Findings.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Central America ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Transboundary Aquifers ◽  
Assessment Activities

This brochure présents the main achievements and main results of phase 1 (2013-2015) of the GGRETA project, in particular by presenting a summary of the assessment activities of the 3 case studies (Stampriet Aquifer in Southern Africa, Trifinio Aquifer in Central America and Pretashkent Aquifer in Central Asia). Groundwater

Влияние экологического состояния водоисточника на режим работы водопроводных очистных сооружений

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bykova ◽  
I. Egorova ◽  
A. Strelkov ◽  
L. Talovyria ◽  
O. Nesterenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
The City

При изучении качества воды источника водоснабжения г. Самары Саратовского водохранилища особое внимание было уделено основным показателям, влияющим на выбор реагентной обработки: мутность, перманганатная окисляемость и цветность. Сезонные изменения качества воды водохранилища требуют постоянной корректировки дозы реагентов с целью достижения нормативных требований к качеству очищенной воды. Приводятся результаты производственных исследований изменения качества воды Саратовского водохранилища в створе водозаборов г. Самары за 20172019 годы по мутности, перманганатной окисляемости и цветности. В связи с аномальными температурными перепадами и наступлением осеннего паводка (конец декабря 2019 г. и январь 2020 г.) резко изменилось качество воды водохранилища по цветности и перманганатной окисляемости. Отмечено, что увеличение указанных показателей потребовало повышения дозы реагентов при очистке исходной воды. Оптимальная доза реагентов постоянно коректируется в зависимости от состава исходной воды на флокуляторе Lovibond ЕТ-750 . Регулярное проведение пробного коагулирования позволило поддерживать качество очищенной воды в соответствии с нормативными требованиями СанПиН 2.1.4.1074-01 Питьевая вода. Контроль качества , кроме цветности и железа общего, так как превышение этих показателей наблюдалось в пределах погрешности методов измерения.While studying the water quality of the water source of the city of Samara the Saratov water reservoir, special attention was paid to the main indicators that influence the choice of chemical treatment: turbidity, permanganate index and color. Seasonal changes in the water quality of the water reservoir require constant adjustment of the chemical dose in order to meet the regulatory requirements to the quality of treated water. The results of the studies of changes in the water quality of the Saratov reservoir at the water abstraction points of the city of Samara for 20172019 by turbidity, permanganate index and color are presented. Due to the abnormal temperature differences and onset of autumn flood (end of December 2019 and January 2020), the water quality in the water reservoir dramatically changed in color and permanganate index. It was noted that an increase in these indicators required an increase in the dose of chemicals during the source water purification. The optimal dose of chemicals is selected with Lovibond ET-750 flocculator depending on the composition of the source water. Regular test coagulation allowed maintaining the quality of purified water in accordance with the regulatory requirements of SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01 Drinking water. Quality control , except for color and total iron since the values of these indicators were increased within the measurement accuracy.

State, Islam, and Gender Politics

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women's Rights ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
Main Site ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Economy And Education

The existing literature on women’s rights and Islam falls short of addressing the relationship between the religious debate on women’s rights and the existing rules of law in Muslim-majority countries. This chapter will bridge this gap by analyzing the status of women in the legal systems of Egypt, Turkey, and Morocco. It will evaluate the influence of Islam on the shaping of these laws, compared to other factors like culture, socioeconomic development, and education. Except in marginal cases like Saudi Arabia or Afghanistan under the Taliban, women’s rights in politics, the economy, and education have advanced in all Muslim countries. But there are some limitations placed upon women’s rights using religious arguments. Everywhere, personal rights about family life, sexuality, and dress code remain discriminatory against women. In this regard, the woman’s body has become the main site of the politicization of Islam, by state and non-state actors alike.

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