scholarly journals Variable Seepage Meter Efficiency in High-Permeability Settings

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3267
Author(s):  
Donald O. Rosenberry ◽  
José Manuel Nieto López ◽  
Richard M. T. Webb ◽  
Sascha Müller
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Bypass Flow ◽  
Seepage Velocity ◽  
Permeable Sediments ◽  
Seepage Meters ◽  
Seepage Meter ◽  
Flow Through

The efficiency of seepage meters, long considered a fixed property associated with the meter design, is not constant in highly permeable sediments. Instead, efficiency varies substantially with seepage bag fullness, duration of bag attachment, depth of meter insertion into the sediments, and seepage velocity. Tests conducted in a seepage test tank filled with isotropic sand with a hydraulic conductivity of about 60 m/d indicate that seepage meter efficiency varies widely and decreases unpredictably when the volume of the seepage bag is greater than about 65 to 70 percent full or less than about 15 to 20 percent full. Seepage generally decreases with duration of bag attachment even when operated in the mid-range of bag fullness. Stopping flow through the seepage meter during bag attachment or removal also results in a decrease in meter efficiency. Numerical modeling indicates efficiency is inversely related to hydraulic conductivity in highly permeable sediments. An efficiency close to 1 for a meter installed in sediment with a hydraulic conductivity of 1 m/d decreases to about 60 and then 10 percent when hydraulic conductivity is increased to 10 and 100 m/d, respectively. These large efficiency reductions apply only to high-permeability settings, such as wave- or tidally washed coarse sand or gravel, or fluvial settings with an actively mobile sand or gravel bed, where low resistance to flow through the porous media allows bypass flow around the seepage cylinder to readily occur. In more typical settings, much greater resistance to bypass flow suppresses small changes in meter resistance during inflation or deflation of seepage bags.

A Novel Coreflood Test to Evaluate EOR Potential of Wettability-Altering Surfactants in Oil-Wet Heterogeneous Carbonate Reservoirs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Shi ◽  
Kishore Mohanty ◽  
Manmath Panda
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Carbonate Reservoirs ◽  
Wettability Alteration ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Matrix Permeability ◽  
Rock Heterogeneity ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Main Factors

Abstract Oil-wetness and heterogeneity (i.e., existence of low and high permeability regions) are two main factors that result in low oil recovery by waterflood in carbonate reservoirs. The injected water is likely to flow through high permeability regions and bypass the oil in low permeability matrix. In this study, systematic coreflood tests were carried out in both "homogeneous" cores and "heterogeneous" cores. The heterogeneous coreflood test was proposed to model the heterogeneity of carbonate reservoirs, bypassing in low-permeability matrix during waterfloods, and dynamic imbibition of surfactant into the low-permeability matrix. The results of homogeneous coreflood tests showed that both secondary-waterflood and secondary-surfactant flood can achieve high oil recovery (>50%) from relatively homogenous cores. A shut-in phase after the surfactant injection resulted in an additional oil recovery, which suggests enough time should be allowed while using surfactants for wettability alteration. The core with a higher extent of heterogeneity produced lower oil recovery to waterflood in the coreflood tests. Final oil recovery from the matrix depends on matrix permeability as well as the rock heterogeneity. The results of heterogeneous coreflood tests showed that a slow surfactant injection (dynamic imbibition) can significantly improve the oil recovery if the oil-wet reservoir is not well-swept.

scholarly journals Measurements of Streambed Hydraulic Conductivity Using Drive-point Piezometers and Seepage Meters in the Upper Reaches of Anseong Stream

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongwoo Lee ◽  
Seon Geum Chun ◽  
Myeong Jae Yi ◽  
Nam Won Kim ◽  
Il-Moon Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Seepage Meters

scholarly journals Thermal effects of groundwater flow through subarctic fens: A case study based on field observations and numerical modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1591-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ylva Sjöberg ◽  
Ethan Coon ◽  
A. Britta K. Sannel ◽  
Romain Pannetier ◽  
Dylan Harp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Flow Through

Incorporation of Interfacial Areas in Models of Two-Phase Flow

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Gray ◽  
Michael A. Celia
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Darcy’S Law ◽  
Darcy's Law ◽  
Hydraulic Gradient ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Single Phase Flow ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Flow Through

The mathematical study of flow in porous media is typically based on the 1856 empirical result of Henri Darcy. This result, known as Darcy’s law, states that the velocity of a single-phase flow through a porous medium is proportional to the hydraulic gradient. The publication of Darcy’s work has been referred to as “the birth of groundwater hydrology as a quantitative science” (Freeze and Cherry, 1979). Although Darcy’s original equation was found to be valid for slow, steady, one-dimensional, single-phase flow through a homogeneous and isotropic sand, it has been applied in the succeeding 140 years to complex transient flows that involve multiple phases in heterogeneous media. To attain this generality, a modification has been made to the original formula, such that the constant of proportionality between flow and hydraulic gradient is allowed to be a spatially varying function of the system properties. The extended version of Darcy’s law is expressed in the following form: qα=-Kα . Jα (2.1) where qα is the volumetric flow rate per unit area vector of the α-phase fluid, Kα is the hydraulic conductivity tensor of the α-phase and is a function of the viscosity and saturation of the α-phase and of the solid matrix, and Jα is the vector hydraulic gradient that drives the flow. The quantities Jα and Kα account for pressure and gravitational effects as well as the interactions that occur between adjacent phases. Although this generalization is occasionally criticized for its shortcomings, equation (2.1) is considered today to be a fundamental principle in analysis of porous media flows (e.g., McWhorter and Sunada, 1977). If, indeed, Darcy’s experimental result is the birth of quantitative hydrology, a need still remains to build quantitative analysis of porous media flow on a strong theoretical foundation. The problem of unsaturated flow of water has been attacked using experimental and theoretical tools since the early part of this century. Sposito (1986) attributes the beginnings of the study of soil water flow as a subdiscipline of physics to the fundamental work of Buckingham (1907), which uses a saturation-dependent hydraulic conductivity and a capillary potential for the hydraulic gradient.

Numerical modeling of turbulent behavior of nanomaterial exergy loss and flow through a circular channel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shafee ◽  
M. Sheikholeslami ◽  
M. Jafaryar ◽  
Fatih Selimefendigil ◽  
M. M. Bhatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Exergy Loss ◽  
Circular Channel ◽  
Flow Through

scholarly journals An alternative approach to conventional seepage meters: Buoy-type seepage meter

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong-Joo Lee ◽  
Ji-Hoon Lee ◽  
Dong-Hun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Seepage Meters ◽  
Seepage Meter ◽  
Alternative Approach

Hydraulic Conductivity in Trunk Xylem of Elm, Ulmus Americana

IAWA Journal ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Ellmore ◽  
Frank W. Ewers
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Fluid Transport ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Transport Pathway ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
Xylem Transport ◽  
Flow Through

The notion that most xylem transport in stems of ring-porous trees occurs in the outermost growth ring requires experimental support. Significance of this ring is challenged by workers who find tracer dyes appearing in 4 to 8 growth rings rather than in only the outermost increment. We test the hypothesis that the outermost growth ring is of overriding significance in fluid transport through stems of Ulmus, a ring-porous tree. Fluid flow through the outermost ring was quantified by removing that ring, calculating gravity flow rates (hydraulic conductivity at 10.13 kPa m-1 ), and by tracing the transport pathway through control and experimental stem segments. From measurements corroborating theoretical calculations based on Poiseuille's law, over 90% of fluid flow through the stem occurs through the outermost ring. Remaining rings combine to account for less than 10% of xylem transport. As a result of dependence upon transport in the most superficial xylem, ring-porous trees such as elm, oak, ash, and chestnut are particularly susceptible to xylem pathogens entering from the bark.

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