Diatom Algae-Indicators of Water Quality in the Lower Zarafshan River, Uzbekistan

This work is the first, the purpose of which was a comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of the lower reaches of the Zarafshan River using bioindication of water quality by diatoms based on species’ ecological preferences, pollution indices, statistics, and ecological mapping. A total of 198 species and subspecies of diatoms were first identified from 195 samples collected four times a year at six sites in the lower reaches of the Zarafshan River in 2009–2015. The richest species were Cymbella, Navicula, and Nitzschia. Pleurosira laevis, resistant to salinity, was first found in aquatic habitats in Uzbekistan. Bioindicators of nine environmental variables make up 91% of the list. Distribution analysis of variables, pollution indices (SLA—SládečDek index of saprobity), and toxicity indices (WESI—Water Ecosystem State Index) show increases in salinity, turbidity, and decreases in organic pollution downstream. The source of acidification can be the Navoi region. We found an increase in the ability to self-purify with an increase in species richness and abundance of diatoms in the lower part of Zarafshan. Thus, the ecosystem of the studied part of the river successfully copes with the incoming pollution from the middle part of Zarafshan and demonstrates some stability and successful self-purification with a water quality class of 2–3. The first studied lower reaches of the ecosystem of the Zarafshan River using bioindicators, statistics, and ecological mapping show that the problem of aridization in Central Asia does not necessarily lead to degradation of the river ecosystem and an increase in pollution, but with rational water use can improve water quality and self-purification processes. Hence, diatoms can be good indicators of river water quality in a semi-arid region and reflect the climate and anthropogenic load change. We recommend that attention be paid to nutrient and turbidity management and to expand state monitoring points to the lower part of the river up to the Karakul region.

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Ecological Mapping in Assessing the Impact of Environmental Factors on the Aquatic Ecosystem of the Arys River Basin, South Kazakhstan

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d11120239 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 239 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elena G. Krupa ◽

Sophia S. Barinova ◽

Sophia M. Romanova

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

River Basin ◽

Aquatic Ecosystem ◽

Organic Pollution ◽

Middle Part ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Environmental Preferences ◽

Ecological Mapping ◽

State Index ◽

The Impact

Assessment of the water quality of the Arys River basin based on the spatial distribution of richness of phytoperiphyton communities and abiotic variables was given for the first time. Altogether, 82 species were revealed in phytoperiphyton, including Bacillariophyta of 51, Cyanobacteria of 20, Chlorophyta of 7, and Charophyta of 4. Cluster analysis revealed the uniqueness of the composition of periphyton communities related to the abiotic conditions. The environmental preferences of the algae indicated fresh organic pollution in the lower reaches of the Arys River and weak or moderate levels of organic pollution in the rest of the basin. The ecological mapping of chemical data generally confirmed this conclusion. According to the maps, the highest water quality was revealed in the upper stream of the basin. The middle part of the river basin had the lowest water quality in terms of transparency, nitrite-nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen. The downstream of the Arys was characterized by a secondary deterioration in water quality according to the Aquatic Ecosystem State Index (WESI) index. We revealed the complicated interaction between natural and anthropogenic factors that caused changes in water quality in the Arys River basin.

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Green and Charophyte Algae in Bioindication of Water Quality of the Shah Alam River (District Peshawar, Pakistan)

Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research ◽

10.2478/trser-2019-0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Izaz Khuram ◽

Zahir Muhammad ◽

Nadeem Ahmad ◽

Rehman Ullah ◽

Sophia Barinova

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Environmental Variables ◽

Trophic State ◽

Algal Species ◽

Organic Pollution ◽

River Pollution ◽

Pollution Indices ◽

Oxygenated Water ◽

Kabul River

Abstract 58 species and infraspecies of Chlorophyta and Charophyta algae were observed in 60 samples collected in September 2017 from the Shah Alam River, Pakistan. The algal species richness and environmental variables increased down the river, except for pH. Bioindication revealed low saline, low alkaline, middle streaming, and middle oxygenated water with low to middle organic pollution with Index saprobity S 1.48-1.73, Class 2-3 of Water Quality. The trophic state was eutrophic and meso-eutrophic with increasing eutrophication down the river. River Pollution Indices RPI demonstrated increasing of pollution in the Shah Alam River in comparison with the parallel part of the Kabul River.

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Water Quality Assessment using Environmetrics and Pollution Indices in a Tropical River, Kerala, SW Coast of India

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.15.1.04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 11-23

Author(s):

S Sukanya ◽

Sabu Joseph

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Pollution Index ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Principal Component ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Organic Pollution ◽

Pollution Indices ◽

Heavy Load

Envirometrics and pollution indices are proxies to assess water quality of a wetland ecosystem. Hence, the present study is focused on establishing water quality and elucidating the pollution status of Karamana River (KR) in Kerala, SW coast of India. The Karamana River Basin – KRB (n=6th; L= 68 km, A=695 km2), is the main source of water for domestic and drinking purpose in Thiruvananthapuram city. The Killi River (n= 5th; L= 24 km, A= 102 km2), the largest tributary of KR, carry heavy load of pollutants mainly from city and joins KR towards its downstream side. For this study, about 12 sampling stations were selected along the KR from upstream to downstream (interval= ~3km), and water samples (n=12x2= 24) were collected during non-monsoon (NON) and monsoon (MON) of 2015 to assess the variability and sourcing of key hydrochemical variables. Environmetric methods, viz., Pearson Correlation and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied for apportionment of pollution sources significantly responsible for the surface water quality. It was found that sewage effluents and seawater intrusion were the primary factors deteriorating water quality in downstream. Further, the results of water quality analyses and Pollution Indices, viz., Organic Pollution Index (OPI), Eutrophication Index (EI) and Comprehensive Pollution Index (CPI) indicate that lower reaches (L= ~4 km) of KR is seriously polluted. A distinct Zone of Pollution Influence (ZPI) has been delineated based on the indices and this attempt is first of its kind in KR. The present study provides several noteworthy contributions to the existing knowledge on the factors influencing surface water quality and serves as a baseline data for watershed managers and administrators.

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Long Term Monitoring of the Macrobenthos of the Upper Clyde Estuary

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1984.0143 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 16 (5-7) ◽

pp. 359-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Anne R Henderson

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Seasonal Variation ◽

Organic Pollution ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

Pollution Loading ◽

Faunal Density ◽

History Of ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

Term Monitoring

The sublittoral macrobenthic invertebrate populations of the Upper Clyde Estuary are described. The estuary has a long history of organic pollution. The long term changes in species composition, faunal density and dominance patterns between 1974 and 1980 are presented. The fauna is dominated by brackish, pollution tolerant oligochaetes and polychaetes. Fluctuations in populations can be related to both seasonal variation in environmental conditions and long term improvements in water quality through a reduction in pollution loading to the estuary.

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Spatial Variation of Water Chemistry in Aries River Catchment Western Romania

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11146592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (14) ◽

pp. 6592

Author(s):

Ana Moldovan ◽

Maria-Alexandra Hoaghia ◽

Anamaria Iulia Török ◽

Marius Roman ◽

Ionut Cornel Mirea ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Water Quality ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Water Samples ◽

Mine Drainage ◽

Pollution Indices ◽

Mining Activities ◽

River Catchment ◽

High Concentrations ◽

The Impact

This study aims to investigate the quality and vulnerability of surface water (Aries River catchment) in order to identify the impact of past mining activities. For this purpose, the pollution and water quality indices, Piper and Durov plots, as well vulnerability modeling maps were used. The obtained results indicate that the water samples were contaminated with As, Fe, Mn, Pb and have relatively high concentrations of SO42−, HCO3−, TDS, Ca, K, Mg and high values for the electrical conductivity. Possible sources of the high content of chemicals could be the natural processes or the inputs of the mine drainage. Generally, according to the pollution indices, which were correlated to high concentrations of heavy metals, especially with Pb, Fe and Mn, the water samples were characterized by heavy metals pollution. The water quality index classified the studied water samples into five different classes of quality, namely: unsuitable for drinking, poor, medium, good and excellent quality. Similarly, medium, high and very high vulnerability classes were observed. The Durov and Piper plots classified the waters into Mg-HCO3− and Ca-Cl− types. The past and present mining activities clearly change the water chemistry and alter the quality of the Aries River, with the water requiring specific treatments before use.

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