scholarly journals Ecological Importance of Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Changing Marine Environmental Conditions

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 2750
Author(s):  
Ingrid Ivančić ◽  
Romina Kraus ◽  
Mirjana Najdek ◽  
Stefano Cozzi
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Po River ◽  
Coastal System ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
P Limitation

The effects of changing hydrological and climatic conditions on the dynamics of phosphorus (P) were studied in the Northern Adriatic Sea (NA), a coastal system currently affected by these changes. P limitation is one of the key stresses in the NA and it is a globally important phenomenon in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the response to P stress by inducing alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) was studied in characteristic water types in the NA, formed by the changing freshwater input in different thermic conditions. APA was important in providing P for microbial growth in upper waters dominated by assimilation during the warmer part of the year in stratified conditions. Contrarily, APA was not important during mixing in the colder part of the year, as well as in waters dominated by regeneration. In waters influenced by freshwater, temperature had no effect on APA, while in high-salinity waters, temperature was an important factor for APA increase. The highest APA occurred during riverine nutrients supply, indicating that the alteration of anthropogenic nutrient loads might strongly change P status in this coastal system. Furthermore, predicted increases in winter sea temperature and summer Po River discharge could delay the water column mixing, prolonging periods of P limitation.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton and bacterial alkaline phosphatase activity in the northern Adriatic Sea

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Ivančić ◽  
Dragica Fuks ◽  
Tomislav Radić ◽  
Daniel M. Lyons ◽  
Tina Šilović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Bacterial Alkaline Phosphatase

Microbial biomass C and alkaline phosphatase activity in two compost amended soils

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Lalande ◽  
Bernard Gagnon ◽  
Régis R. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Microbial Biomass C ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Biochemical Properties

Addition of compost from various sources and of different maturity may affect the soil biochemical properties. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different composts, spring-applied alone or in combination with ammonium nitrate (AN), on microbial biomass C (MBC) and alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) in two soils cropped with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. 'Messier') in eastern Quebec, Canada. The experiment was conducted in 1994 and 1995 at different sites on a Kamouraska clay (Orthic Humic Gleysol) and a Saint-André sandy loam (Fragic Humo-Ferric Podzol). Treatments included composts at 180 kg N ha−1, composts at 90 kg N ha−1 supplemented with AN, AN at 90 kg N ha−1, and an unfertilized control. Soil MBC and APA were measured 30 d after compost application and at wheat harvest. Additional sampling was made the following spring. Generally, larger MBC and APA values were found at wheat harvest in soils treated with composts alone than with AN alone or unfertilized. These effects were related to soil C content and climatic conditions. Compost type affected soil biochemical properties which could be attributed to the total C supply and material maturation state. Compost addition constitutes an efficient short-term way to promote soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity in cold climates. Key words: Compost, fertilizer, microbial biomass, soil enzyme, wheat

scholarly journals Characterization of the Proteomic Profiles of the Brown Tide Alga Aureoumbra lagunensis under Phosphate- and Nitrogen-Limiting Conditions and of Its Phosphate Limitation-Specific Protein with Alkaline Phosphatase Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 2025-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ming Sun ◽  
Jin Sun ◽  
Jian-Wen Qiu ◽  
Hongmei Jing ◽  
Hongbin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Brown Tide ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Phosphate Limitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Aureoumbra Lagunensis

ABSTRACTThe persistent bloom of the brown tide algaAureoumbra lagunensishas been reported in coastal embayments along southern Texas, but the molecular mechanisms that sustain such algal bloom are unknown. We compared the proteome and physiological parameters ofA. lagunensisgrown in phosphate (P)-depleted, P- and nitrogen (N)-depleted, and nutrient-replete cultures. For the proteomic analysis, samples from three conditions were subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Because of the paucity of genomic resources in this species, ade novocross-species protein search was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins, which revealed their involvement in several key biological processes, such as chlorophyll synthesis, antioxidative protection, and protein degradation, suggesting thatA. lagunensismay adopt intracellular nutrient compensation, extracellular organic nutrient regeneration, and damage protection to thrive in P-depleted environments. A highly abundant P limitation-specific protein, tentatively identified as a putative alkaline phosphatase, was further characterized by enzyme activity assay on nondenaturing gel and confocal microscopy, which confirmed that this protein has alkaline phosphatase activity, is a cytoplasmic protein, and is closely associated with the cell membrane. The abundance, location, and functional expression of this alkaline phosphatase all indicate the importance of organic P utilization forA. lagunensisunder P limitation and the possible role of this alkaline phosphatase in regenerating phosphate from extra- or intracellular organic phosphorus.

Production and Vertical Migration of Ceratium hirundinella in Relation to Phosphorus Availability in Eau Galle Reservoir, Wisconsin

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. James ◽  
William D. Taylor ◽  
John W. Barko
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Vertical Migration ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Limitation ◽  
Ceratium Hirundinella ◽  
Migratory Patterns ◽  
P Sources

Seasonal production of Ceratium hirundinella and its diel migratory patterns were examined in relation to phosphorus (P) availability in eutrophic Eau Galle Reservoir, Wisconsin (USA). During mid-June, hypolimnetic P gradients (0.030–1.045 mg∙L−1) developed as internal P loading was high (14.7–18.0 mg∙m−2∙d−1). Ceratium migrated as much as 4 m into the upper hypolimnion at night. Subsequent increases in Ceratium biomass, gross primary productivity, and chlorophyll a indicated retrieval of hypolimnetic P for production. During early July, anoxia restricted vertical migration of Ceratium into the hypolimnion. Surplus cellular P was low during this period, while alkaline phosphatase activity increased to a maximum, suggesting P limitation of Ceratium production. During late July and August, P-rich interflows from the Eau Galle River entered the reservoir at the base of the epilimnion. Ceratium migrated into these interflows at night, with corresponding increases and decreases in surplus cellular P and alkaline phosphatase activity, respectively. Ceratium production increased to a maximum in early September, following these periods of high external P input. These results directly support the hypothesis that Ceratium can access multiple P sources through vertical migration.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of microphytobenthos, meiofauna and macrofauna in the north-western Adriatic Sea: a synoptic study

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1/2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Franzo ◽  
Tamara Cibic ◽  
Paola Del Negro ◽  
Cinzia De Vittor
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Northern Adriatic Sea ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Coastal System ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Station Grid

<p>In view of the general paucity of integrated information on offshore benthic communities in the Adriatic Sea and given the vulnerability of this particular coastal system, microphytobenthos, meiofauna and macrofauna were synoptically investigated in front of the Emilia-Romagna coast (northern Adriatic Sea) in September 2010 and March 2011. As required by the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, which extends its action beyond the territorial waters (within 12 nmi) of the Member States, our findings could help to fill the gap of knowledge on the environmental status in offshore areas since the study was carried out also at &gt;12 nmi from the coastline. In fact, sediment samples for the analysis of the benthic communities were collected from a 10-point-station grid that covered an area of about 400 km<sup>2</sup> with water depths ranging from 13 to 50 m. The variability of the sediment grain size and other chemical variables in the sediment suggests the presence of two distinct environmental contexts that enhance the proliferation of different benthic communities. At the inshore stations (depth &lt;20 m) the higher sand percentages and the maxima of dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations indicate the presence of hydrodynamic perturbations and the influence of nutrient loads of terrestrial origin. Inshore, both meio- and macrofaunal communities were poorly structured and dominated by relatively more opportunistic taxa, such as nematodes and the bivalve <em>Corbula gibba</em>. Offshore stations (depth &gt;20 m) had muddier sediments, which likely exerted a greater retention of sediment-bound organic matter. These conditions seemed to favour benthic deposit feeders like meio- and macrofaunal annelids. Surprisingly, a conspicuous microphytobenthic community, mainly represented by the diatom <em>Paralia sulcata, </em>has been observed even at remarkable depths (~50 m) opening new questions regarding the role of these organisms in dim-light conditions. Although the investigated benthic communities were, to some extent, moderately influenced by multiple stressors, the co-existence of sensitive taxa (such as meiofaunal copepods and the amphipod <em>Ampelisca </em>spp.) with opportunistic ones (<em>i.e</em>., <em>C. gibba</em>) suggests that the benthic domain in the investigated area is not severely impacted.</p>

LEUCOCYTE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (IV) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Borel ◽  
J. Frei ◽  
A. Vannotti
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Enzymatic studies, on leucocytes of pregnant women, show an increase of the alkaline phosphatase activity and a decrease of the glucose consumption and lactate production, as well as of proteolysis. The oxygen consumption, with succinate as substrate, does not vary.

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