scholarly journals Multi-Indices Assessment of Origin and Controlling Factors of Trace Metals in River Sediments from a Semi-Arid Carbonated Basin (the Sebou Basin, Morocco)

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3203
Author(s):  
Sara El Mrissani ◽  
Souad Haida ◽  
Jean-Luc Probst ◽  
Anne Probst
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Specific Storage ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Semi Arid

River water quality is particularly of concern in semi-arid countries with limited water resources. Increasing anthropogenic activities can lead to the accumulation of trace metals (TM) in bottom sediments, which is a specific storage compartment. The present study aimed to investigate the geochemistry of trace metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) and of some physico-chemical parameters in bottom sediments from the Sebou basin, which represents 1/3 of the surface water resources of Morocco. The order of abundance of the metals was Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Pb > Co > As > Cd. A major fingerprint of weathering on metal concentration, and point and non-point anthropogenic sources were highlighted. The origin and intensity of the contamination were determined using a combination of geochemical indicators. The contamination was on the whole moderate, with Cr, Zn, Cu, and Pb as the most enriched metals, especially at the A1, S3, and S4 stations located downstream of Fez city, well known for its intensive industrial and tannery activities. A multi-variate analysis evidenced the strong link between natural elements such as Co with clays and Fe oxides, and As with Ca, whereas Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Zn, partly originating from anthropogenic activities (industrial and domestic waste, agricultural inputs), were linked to phosphorus, oxides, carbonates, and/or POC, indicating their anthropic source and/or control by sediment compounds. Cadmium, Pb, and Cu were the most available metals. Finally, in addition to Cd, Pb and Zn were identified as hazardous metals in sediments as evidenced by the positive relationship between the proportion of the labile fraction and the enrichment factor revealing anthropogenic inputs.

Rainfall and surface water resources of Rajasthan State, India

Water Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Kumar Gupta ◽  
A. S. Jethoo ◽  
S. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
The State ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Percentage Area

The water resources in Rajasthan State are facing a crucial stage even after average/good rainfall. Temporal distributions as well as the spatial variability of rainfall within the state were investigated by applying an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The effect of change in catchment characteristics and anthropogenic activities on overland flow are also investigated in this paper by applying a regression technique. Inflow to the surface water resources of the state is regularly decreasing. Time series analysis and sequential cluster analysis reveals that 1994 was the critical year, which divides the two consecutive non-overlapping epochs viz. pre-disturbance and post-disturbance. Due to increasing population and the subsequent increase in agriculture (specifically using groundwater sources) having increased catchment interceptions, there is a regular decreasing trend of surface runoff and surface water availability. The study highlights that, in spite of an increasing trend of rainfall witnessed during the last 100 years, inflow to the surface water resources of the state is decreasing at a fast pace owing to a decrease in the percentage area contributing to surface runoff.

The assessment of surface water resources for the semi-arid Yongding River Basin from 1956 to 2000 and the impact of land use change

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Zhongjing Wang ◽  
Toshio Koike ◽  
Hang Yin ◽  
Dawen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Yongding River

Global budget of trace metal sources

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef M. Pacyna ◽  
M. Trevor Scholtz ◽  
Y.-F. (Arthur) Li
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Metal Production ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Global Emission ◽  
Global Budgets ◽  
Global Emissions

Global emission inventories, being the key information for the global budgets of trace metals, have become available only recently. The latest information on emissions and sources of trace metals on a global scale is presented in this paper. As the global assessments are prepared on the basis of estimates of regional emissions, these latter data are also reviewed here. A comparison of the worldwide atmospheric emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources suggests that various human activities are the dominant source of many trace metals, including As, Cd, Pb, and Zn. A comparison of the atmospheric and aquatic emissions indicates that, for most of the trace metals, the annual anthropogenic inputs into water exceed the quantities emitted to the atmosphere. However, the largest quantities of trace metals are discharged to the terrestrial environment. So far, the Pb budget seems to be the most accurate owing to a large body of information available on this element. The largest emissions of Pb were estimated for gasoline combustion, contributing about two thirds of the total emissions to the atmosphere. Emissions from nonferrous metal production contributed about one quarter. Emissions from the European and Asian sources contributed each about one third of the global emissions, followed by emissions from sources in North America. A spatial distribution of the global Pb emissions is presented within a 1 × 1° grid system.Key words: trace metals, lead, global emission, emission map.

scholarly journals Detection of Hazardous Contaminants in Ground Water Resources: An Alarming Situation for Public Health in Karachi, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 322-331
Author(s):  
Syeda Saima Razzaq
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Ground Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Health Related

Due to industrialization and over population, surface water resources are out of reach from many people so consumption of ground water is the only choice to overcome the water scarcity. Naturally, ground water is one of the significant and potable water resource but some geographical conditions and anthropogenic activities deteriorate the water quality and make it objectionable for drinking. This study was conducted to evaluate the ground water quality of Karachi, Pakistan. For this, 42 ground water samples were collected from different districts of Karachi and analyzed their physicochemical and microbiological characteristics and compared with both international (WHO) and national (SEQS) drinking water standards. Observations of the study declared that overall contamination (physicochemical and microbial) in the ground water samples of different districts of Karachi was as follow West (21%), South (20%), Central (17%), Malir (16%), Korangi (14%) and East (12%). Physical assessment of the study area declared that pH and turbidity of the ground water samples varies in the range of (6.54-7.9) and (0-1.01 NTU) which exist in the standard prescribed limit. Whereas, detection of chemical contaminants particularly TDS (457-12090 mg/L), hardness (118.8-3645 mg/L) and chloride (190-4918 mg/L) content in most of the samples were also exceed from the prescribed limit. Additionally, arsenic was abundantly present ranging from 3.52-13.63 mg/L in all collected samples of Karachi city while the concentration of cadmium (range: 0.0005-0.5012 mg/L) and lead (range: 0.201-1.817 mg/L) were also high in few samples, from the permissible limit of drinking water. Microbial contamination was also detected in which coliforms were present in the range of 0-150 CFU/100mL, which also unfit the water quality. This deteriorated ground water quality of Karachi can be improved by maintenance of proper sanitary conditions of the communities and implementation of water treatments, otherwise consumption of such water may develop serious health related consequences in the consumers.

Spatiotemporal analysis of extreme temperature and humidity in the Mississippi River Basin, USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameneh Tavakol ◽  
Vahid Rahmani
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Spatiotemporal Analysis ◽  
Change Point Analysis ◽  
Mississippi River Basin ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Semi Arid

<p>Impacts of climate change on water resources will rise from the co‐occurrence of extreme hot and humid conditions. In this study, changes in the daytime and nighttime hot and humid conditions were analyzed in the Mississippi River Basin, USA covering large semi-arid regions. Results indicated that humid nights and days have increased over 1948-2017 in at least 93% of the basin. Concurrent hot and humid events were increased during both nights and days with more significant trends for nighttime events. A change-point analysis was completed and more significant upward trends were observed after the 1980s and 1990s for extreme temperature, humidity, and hot-humid events. Results suggested a higher risk of receiving extreme hot and humid conditions for the central and southern Mississippi River Basin. The findings can help improve water resources management and allocation in the semi-arid regions of the watershed where access to surface water resources is limited.</p>

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