Atlantic Ocean Variability and European Alps Winter Precipitation

Winter precipitation (snowpack) in the European Alps provides a critical source of freshwater to major river basins such as the Danube, Rhine, and Po. Previous research identified Atlantic Ocean variability and hydrologic responses in the European Alps. The research presented here evaluates Atlantic Sea Surface Temperatures (SSTs) and European Alps winter precipitation variability using Singular Value Decomposition. Regions in the north and mid-Atlantic from the SSTs were identified as being tele-connected with winter precipitation in the European Alps. Indices were generated for these Atlantic SST regions to use in prediction of precipitation. Regression and non-parametric models were developed using the indices as predictors and winter precipitation as the predictand for twenty-one alpine precipitation stations in Austria, Germany, and Italy. The proposed framework identified three regions in the European Alps in which model skill ranged from excellent (West Region–Po River Basin), to good (East Region) to poor (Central Region). A novel approach for forecasting future winter precipitation utilizing future projections of Atlantic SSTs predicts increased winter precipitation until ~2040, followed by decreased winter precipitation until ~2070, and then followed by increasing winter precipitation until ~2100.

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Analyzing the Influence of the North Atlantic Ocean Variability on the Atlantic Meridional Mode on Decadal Time Scales

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos11010003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Sandro F. Veiga ◽

Emanuel Giarolla ◽

Paulo Nobre ◽

Carlos A. Nobre

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Decadal Variability ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

Heat Content ◽

Ocean Heat Content ◽

Causality Analysis ◽

Ocean Variability ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

Important features of the Atlantic meridional mode (AMM) are not fully understood. We still do not know what determines its dominant decadal variability or the complex physical processes that sustain it. Using reanalysis datasets, we investigated the influence of the North Atlantic Ocean variability on the dominant decadal periodicity that characterizes the AMM. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the correlation between the sea surface temperature decadal variability in the Atlantic Ocean and the AMM time series characterizes the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO). This corroborates previous studies that demonstrated that the AMO precedes the AMM. A causal inference with a newly developed rigorous and quantitative causality analysis indicates that the AMO causes the AMM. To further understand the influence of the subsurface ocean on the AMM, the relationship between the ocean heat content (0–300 m) decadal variability and AMM was analyzed. The results show that although there is a significant zero-lag correlation between the ocean heat content in some regions of the North Atlantic (south of Greenland and in the eastern part of the North Atlantic) and the AMM, their cause-effect relationship on decadal time scales is unlikely. By correlating the AMO with the ocean heat content (0–300 m) decadal variability, the former precedes the latter; however, the causality analysis shows that the ocean heat content variability drives the AMO, corroborating several studies that point out the dominant role of the ocean heat transport convergence on AMO.

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Atmospheric response to the North Atlantic Ocean variability on seasonal to decadal time scales

Climate Dynamics ◽

10.1007/s00382-012-1333-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (9-10) ◽

pp. 2311-2330 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Guillaume Gastineau ◽

Fabio D’Andrea ◽

Claude Frankignoul

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Time Scales ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

Atmospheric Response ◽

Ocean Variability ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

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Interannual variability of winter precipitation in the European Alps: relations with the North Atlantic Oscillation

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-5-2045-2008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 2045-2065 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Bartolini ◽

P. Claps ◽

P. D'Odorico

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Interannual Variability ◽

Large Scale ◽

Mechanistic Explanation ◽

Winter Precipitation ◽

European Alps ◽

Small Areas ◽

The North ◽

The Alps ◽

The North Atlantic Oscillation

Abstract. The European Alps rely on winter precipitation for various needs in terms of hydropower and other water uses. Major European rivers originate from the Alps and rely on winter precipitation and the consequent spring snow melt for their summer base flows. Understanding the fluctuations in winter rainfall in this region is crucially important to the study of changes in hydrologic regime in streams and rivers, as well as to the management of their water resources. Despite the recognized relevance of winter precipitation to the water resources of the Alps and surrounding regions, the magnitude and mechanistic explanation of interannual precipitation variability in the Alpine region remain unclear and poorly investigated. Here we use gridded precipitation data from the CRU TS 1.2 to study the interannual variability of winter alpine precipitation. We found that the Alps are the region with the highest interannual variability in winter precipitation in Europe. This variability cannot be completely explained by large scale climate patterns such as the AO, NAO or the EA-WR, even though regions below and above the Alps demonstrate connections with these patterns. Significant trends were detected only in small areas within this region, and were of opposite sign between the eastern and western part of the Alps.

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Underway fCO2 measurements in the North Atlantic Ocean on M/V Atlantic Companion VOS Line during the 2006-2007 cruises

Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center ◽

10.3334/cdiac/otg.vos_atlantic_companion_line_2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

T. STEINHOFF, ◽

D.W.R. WALLACE, ◽

A. KOERTZINGER,

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

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Underway fCO2 measurements in the North Atlantic Ocean during the Meteor Cruise 39/2 (15 May- 8 June, 1997)

Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center ◽

10.3334/cdiac/otg.met39_2 ◽

1997 ◽

Author(s):

A. KOERTZINGER,

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

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The airplane icing environment in wintertime storms over the North Atlantic Ocean

10.2514/6.1994-483 ◽

1994 ◽

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OCEANOGRAPHIC MODELING AND OBSERVATION NETWORK (REMO) FOR PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY STUDIES AND OCEAN FORECASTING

Brazilian Journal of Geophysics ◽

10.22564/rbgf.v31i2.18 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jose Antonio Moreira Lima

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Large Scale ◽

North Pacific Ocean ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Global Ocean ◽

Height Anomaly ◽

The North ◽

Observation Network ◽

Ocean Forecasting

This paper is concerned with the planning, implementation and some results of the Oceanographic Modeling and Observation Network, named REMO, for Brazilian regional waters. Ocean forecasting has been an important scientific issue over the last decade due to studies related to climate change as well as applications related to short-range oceanic forecasts. The South Atlantic Ocean has a deficit of oceanographic measurements when compared to other ocean basins such as the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Pacific Ocean. It is a challenge to design an ocean forecasting system for a region with poor observational coverage of in-situ data. Fortunately, most ocean forecasting systems heavily rely on the assimilation of surface fields such as sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) or sea surface temperature (SST), acquired by environmental satellites, that can accurately provide information that constrain major surface current systems and their mesoscale activity. An integrated approach is proposed here in which the large scale circulation in the Atlantic Ocean is modeled in a first step, and gradually nested into higher resolution regional models that are able to resolve important processes such as the Brazil Current and associated mesoscale variability, continental shelf waves, local and remote wind forcing, and others. This article presents the overall strategy to develop the models using a network of Brazilian institutions and their related expertise along with international collaboration. This work has some similarity with goals of the international project Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment OceanView (GODAE OceanView).

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Spatiotemporal evolution of the chlorophyll a trend in the North Atlantic Ocean

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.303 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 612 ◽

pp. 1141-1148 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Min Zhang ◽

Yuanling Zhang ◽

Qi Shu ◽

Chang Zhao ◽

Gang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

North Atlantic ◽

North Atlantic Ocean ◽

Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽

The North ◽

The North Atlantic

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Research Gap Analysis of Remote Sensing Application in Fisheries: Prospects for Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13051013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1013

Author(s):

Kuo-Wei Yen ◽

Chia-Hsiang Chen

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Atlantic Ocean ◽

The Sustainable Development ◽

The North ◽

The Pacific ◽

Development Goals ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

The Pacific Ocean ◽

Research Hotspots

Remote sensing (RS) technology, which can facilitate the sustainable management and development of fisheries, is easily accessible and exhibits high performance. It only requires the collection of sufficient information, establishment of databases and input of human and capital resources for analysis. However, many countries are unable to effectively ensure the sustainable development of marine fisheries due to technological limitations. The main challenge is the gap in the conditions for sustainable development between developed and developing countries. Therefore, this study applied the Web of Science database and geographic information systems to analyze the gaps in fisheries science in various countries over the past 10 years. Most studies have been conducted in the offshore marine areas of the northeastern United States of America. In addition, all research hotspots were located in the Northern Hemisphere, indicating a lack of relevant studies from the Southern Hemisphere. This study also found that research hotspots of satellite RS applications in fisheries were mainly conducted in (1) the northeastern sea area in the United States, (2) the high seas area of the North Atlantic Ocean, (3) the surrounding sea areas of France, Spain and Portugal, (4) the surrounding areas of the Indian Ocean and (5) the East China Sea, Yellow Sea and Bohai Bay sea areas to the north of Taiwan. A comparison of publications examining the three major oceans indicated that the Atlantic Ocean was the most extensively studied in terms of RS applications in fisheries, followed by the Indian Ocean, while the Pacific Ocean was less studied than the aforementioned two regions. In addition, all research hotspots were located in the Northern Hemisphere, indicating a lack of relevant studies from the Southern Hemisphere. The Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean have been the subjects of many local in-depth studies; in the Pacific Ocean, the coastal areas have been abundantly investigated, while offshore local areas have only been sporadically addressed. Collaboration and partnership constitute an efficient approach for transferring skills and technology across countries. For the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) by 2030, research networks can be expanded to mitigate the research gaps and improve the sustainability of marine fisheries resources.

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