scholarly journals Rehabilitation in Intermittent Water Distribution Networks for Optimal Operation

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Rui Gabriel Souza ◽  
Gustavo Meirelles ◽  
Bruno Brentan ◽  
Joaquín Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Head Losses ◽  
Intermittent Operation

Equitable distribution of water is a growing source of worry, and concerns water systems’ managers as water-stressed areas steadily increase and situations of water scarcity are becoming more frequent. The problem goes beyond just the water sector and globally affects many countries’ economies since water resources have multiple uses (i.e., power generation, irrigation, etc.). One of the various strategies to overcome periods of extreme events (e.g., water scarcity) is the adoption of intermittent operation. Intermittent operation can minimize water losses, and manages to supply the same water demand (in terms of volume) during a reduced period of time. However, despite minimizing water losses, the energy consumption necessary to cope with the increased flows and head loss, due to the reduced number of operating hours, increases. This paper explores a strategy based on rehabilitation of the system’s main pipes. It also considers optimal selection and scheduling of pumps aiming at improving the system’s hydraulic parameters (e.g., velocity and head losses) and at reducing the operating costs. Both selection and scheduling of pumps and resizing of main pipes are optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization. The obtained results show that this strategy can significantly reduce the energy consumed and can be economically feasible.

An Advanced Software to Manage a Smart Water Network with Innovative Metrics and Tools Based on Social Network Theory

10.29007/gvnz ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Di Nardo ◽  
Michele Di Natale ◽  
Anna Di Mauro ◽  
Eva Martínez Díaz ◽  
Jose Antonio Blázquez Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Operational Conditions

The recent development and applications of social network theory in many fields of engineering (electricity, gas, transport, water, etc.) allows both the understanding of networks and to improve their management. Social network theory coupled to the availability of real time data and big data analysis techniques can change drastically the traditional approaches to manage civil networks. Recently, some authors are working to apply this novel approach, based on social network theory, on the water distribution networks using: a) graph partitioning algorithms to define optimal district meter areas both for water losses identification and for water network protection, b) innovative topological, energy and hydraulic indices to analyze performance; and c) GIS (Geographical Information System) to provide a more effective display of results and to improve network behavior in specific operational conditions. In this paper, a novel release 3.5 of SWANP software, that implements all these features, was tested on a real large water network in Alcalá de Henares, Spain.

scholarly journals Proposal of optimal operation strategy applied to water distribution network with statistical approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima Silva ◽  
Fernando Das Graças Braga da Silva ◽  
André Carlos da Silva ◽  
José Antonio Tosta dos Reis ◽  
Claudio Lindemberg de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Computational Optimization ◽  
Depth Analysis

 Inefficiency of sanitation companies’ operation procedures threatens the population’s future supplies. Thus, it is essential to increase water and energy efficiency in order to meet future demand. Optimization techniques are important tools for the analysis of complex problems, as in distribution networks for supply. Currently, genetic algorithms are recognized by their application in literature. In this regard, an optimization model of water distribution network is proposed, using genetic algorithms. The difference in this research is a methodology based on in-depth analysis of results, using statistics and the design of experimental tools and software. The proposed technique was applied to a theoretical network developed for the study. Preliminary simulations were accomplished using EPANET, representing the main causes of water and energy inefficiency in Brazilian sanitation companies. Some parameters were changed in applying this model, such as reservoir level, pipe diameter, pumping pressures, and valve-closing percentage. These values were established by the design of experimental techniques. As output, we obtained the equation of response surface, optimized, which resulted in values of established hydraulic parameters. From these data, the obtained parameters in computational optimization algorithms were applied, resulting in losses of 26.61%, improvement of 16.19 p.p. with regard to the network without optimization, establishing an operational strategy involving three pumps and a pressure-reducing valve.  We conclude that the association of optimization and the planning of experimental techniques constitutes an encouraging method to deal with the complexity of water-distribution network optimization.

Multi-objective optimization of water distribution networks using particle swarm optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Surco ◽  
Diogo H. Macowski ◽  
Flávia A.R. Cardoso ◽  
Thelma P.B. Vecchi ◽  
Mauro A.S.S. Ravagnani
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Multi Objective

scholarly journals Water Loss Management in Small Municipalities: The Situation in Tyrol

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3446
Author(s):  
Martin Oberascher ◽  
Michael Möderl ◽  
Robert Sitzenfrei
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Water Loss Management

Water losses in water distribution networks (WDNs) are unavoidable. Water losses are evaluated based on performance indicators (PIs) and used for future recommendations for network operators to take measures against water losses. However, these evaluations primarily focus on large and medium sized WDN and do not deal with the challenges of small WDNs (e.g., technical, and financial limitations, missing data). Therefore, an appropriate water loss management is a major challenge for operators in the federal state of Tyrol (Austria) due to the high number of small WDNs, e.g., low income in combination with long network lengths. In this regard, this work specifies and discusses state funding in Austria to support network operators to reduce water losses. To assess the impacts on management strategies, 40 WDNs, supplying 200 to 16,000 inhabitants, are investigated in detail. As the comparison of different PIs shows, a volume related PI (e.g., water loss volume divided by total water demand) is recommend as the decision criterion for local authorities due to minimal efforts and its easy calculation. Moreover, public funding helps to significantly reduce water losses in individual systems, but countermeasures should be different for small and larger WDNs. For example, leakage detection campaigns and rehabilitation planning based on pipe age should be established in future for larger WDNs in Tyrol. In contrast, an online flow metering system to monitor system inflows is suggested for small WDNs. Based on measurement data, leakages and burst can be detected and repaired swiftly.

scholarly journals Optimal operation of water distribution networks by predictive control using MINLP

Water SA ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Biscos ◽  
M Mulholland ◽  
M-V Le Lann ◽  
CA Buckley ◽  
CJ Brouckaert
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Control ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Water Distribution Networks

scholarly journals Water Loss Reduction in Water Distribution Networks. Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Anca Hoțupan ◽  
Roxana Mare ◽  
Adriana Hădărean
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Supply Pipe ◽  
Looped Network

Abstract Water losses on the potable water distribution networks represent an important issue; on the one hand, water loss does not bring money and on the other hand, they modify water flow and pressure distribution on the entire system and this can lead to a cut-off of the water supply. A stringent monitoring of the water distribution network reduces considerably the water losses. The appearance of a leakage inside the distribution network is inevitable in time. But very important is its location and repair time – that are recommended to be as short as possible. The present paper analyses the hydraulic parameters of the water flow inside a supply pipe of a looped network that provides potable water for an entire neighbourhood. The main goals are to optimize these parameters, to reduce water losses by rigorous monitoring and control of the service pressure on the supply pipe and to create a balance between pressure and water flow. The presented method is valid for any type of distribution network, but the obtained values refer strictly to the analysed potable water distribution looped network.

scholarly journals Hybrid particle swarm optimization and tabu search for the design of large-scale water distribution networks

RBRH ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Eloim Silva de Macêdo ◽  
José Roberto Gonçalves de Azevedo ◽  
Saulo de Tarso Marques Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Tabu Search ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Distribution Networks ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Hybrid Particle ◽  
Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimization

ABSTRACT Water distribution network (WDN) optimization has received special attention from various technicians and researchers, mainly due to its high costs of implementation, operation and maintenance. However, the low computational efficiency of most developed algorithms makes them difficult to apply in large-scale WDN design problems. This article presents a hybrid particle swarm optimization and tabu search (H-PSOTS) algorithm for WDN design. Incorporating tabu search (TS) as a local improvement procedure enables the H-PSOTS algorithm to avoid local optima and show satisfactory performance. Pure particle swarm optimization (PSO) and H-PSOTS algorithms were applied to three benchmark networks proposed in the literature: the Balerma irrigation network, the ZJ network and the Rural network. The hybrid methodology obtained good results when seeking an optimal solution and revealed high computational performance, making it a new option for the optimal design of real water distribution networks.

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