scholarly journals Analytical Model for the Design of Axial Flux Induction Motors with Maximum Torque Density

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgii Baranov ◽  
Alexander Zolotarev ◽  
Valerii Ostrovskii ◽  
Timur Karimov ◽  
Alexander Voznesensky
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Induction Motors ◽  
Electromagnetic Torque ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Stator Core ◽  
Torque Density ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Two Independent Variables

This article proposes a mathematical model of an axial flux induction motor (AFIM) with one stator and one rotor. The model is based on the expression for the electromagnetic torque, which presents a function of two independent variables: the axial length of the stator core and the flux density in the air gap. This allows calculating the main dimensions of the motor with the highest possible torque density. Thus, developed model is suitable for designing the motor of specified volume with maximum torque, and solving the inverse problem of minimizing the machine volume with the specified torque. The detailed output of the model and the results of the calculations for the low-power engine powered by voltage of 7.35 V (RMS) are given. The results are validated using FEM in ANSYS software: with the outer motor diameter of 0.11 m, the flux density in it reaches 1.2 T.

An Axial-Flux Hybrid Excitation Flux-Switching Machine

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 7094-7098 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. T. Zhu ◽  
Zhi Quan Deng ◽  
Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fe Analysis ◽  
High Power Density ◽  
Electromagnetic Torque ◽  
Flux Linkage ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
Torque Density ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Hybrid Excitation ◽  
High Torque

A flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine has the advantage of high power density, high torque density, inherently sinusoidal back EMF, stable structure, and the disadvantage of magnetic field uncontrollable. This paper proposes a novel axial-flux hybrid excitation flux-switching (AFHEFS) motor, which offers three phase symmetrical sinusoidal flux linkage and linearly regulated electromagnetic torque as well as excellent flux regulation capability and even field elimination ability with a size ratio of 1:2 between PM stator and electrical stator. The results are validated by 3D finite element (FE) analysis.

Field Distribution of Strongly Excited Magnetic Lenses

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 140-141
Author(s):  
M. Strojnik
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Optical Axis ◽  
Operating Point ◽  
Pole Piece ◽  
Partial Saturation ◽  
Axial Flux ◽  
The Stability

Magnetic lenses operating in partial saturation offer two advantages in HVEM: they exhibit small cs and cc and their power depends little on the excitation IN. Curve H, Fig. 1, shows that the maximal axial flux density Bz max of one of the lenses investigated changes between points (3) and (4) by 5% as the excitation varies by 40%. Consequently, the designer can relax the requirements concerning the stability of the lens current supplies. Saturated lenses, however, can only be used if (i) unwanted fields along the optical axis can be controlled, (ii) 'wobbling' of the optical axis due to inhomogeneous saturation around the pole piece faces is prevented, (iii) ample ampere-turns can be squeezed into the space available, and (iv) the lens operating point covers a sufficient range of accelerating voltages.

New generalized 2D Ostrowski type inequalities on time scales with k2 points using a parameter

Filomat ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 3155-3169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Kermausuor ◽  
Eze Nwaeze
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Type Inequality ◽  
Dimensional Case ◽  
Multiple Points ◽  
Quantum Calculus ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ostrowski Type Inequality ◽  
Two Independent Variables

Recently, a new Ostrowski type inequality on time scales for k points was proved in [G. Xu, Z. B. Fang: A Generalization of Ostrowski type inequality on time scales with k points. Journal of Mathematical Inequalities (2017), 11(1):41-48]. In this article, we extend this result to the 2-dimensional case. Besides extension, our results also generalize the three main results of Meng and Feng in the paper [Generalized Ostrowski type inequalities for multiple points on time scales involving functions of two independent variables. Journal of Inequalities and Applications (2012), 2012:74]. In addition, we apply some of our theorems to the continuous, discrete, and quantum calculus to obtain more interesting results in this direction. We hope that results obtained in this paper would find their place in approximation and numerical analysis.

Explaining Peaceful Change in Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Tabachnik ◽  
Benjamin Miller
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
State Capacity ◽  
The State ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Two Independent Variables

This chapter explains the process of peaceful change in Central and Eastern Europe following the demise of the Soviet system. It also explains the failure of peaceful change in the Balkans and some post-Soviet countries, such as the Ukrainian conflict in 2014. The chapter accounts for the conditions for peaceful change and for the variation between peaceful and violent change by the state-to-nation theory. The two independent variables suggested by the theory are the level of state capacity and congruence—namely the compatibility between state borders and the national identities of the countries at stake. Moreover, according to the theory, great-power engagement serves as an intervening variable and in some conditions, as explained in the chapter, may help with peaceful change.

scholarly journals New dynamic Hilbert-type inequalities in two independent variables involving Fenchel–Legendre transform

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. El-Deeb ◽  
Saima Rashid ◽  
Zareen A. Khan ◽  
S. D. Makharesh
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Legendre Transform ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Hilbert Type ◽  
Two Independent Variables ◽  
New Inequalities

AbstractIn this paper, we establish some dynamic Hilbert-type inequalities in two independent variables on time scales by using the Fenchel–Legendre transform. We also apply our inequalities to discrete and continuous calculus to obtain some new inequalities as particular cases. Our results give more general forms of several previously established inequalities.

Online viewers’ choices over advertisement number and duration

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-238
Author(s):  
Stephen Nettelhorst ◽  
Laura Brannon ◽  
Angela Rose ◽  
Whitney Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Total Exposure Time ◽  
Online Simulations ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Two Independent Variables

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate online viewers’ preferences concerning the number and duration of video advertisements to watch during commercial breaks. The goal of the investigations was to assess whether online viewers preferred watching a fewer number of advertisements with longer durations or a greater number of advertisements with shorter durations. Design/methodology/approach Two studies used experimental research designs to assess viewers’ preferences regarding advertisements. These designs used two independent variables and one dependent variable. The first independent variable manipulated the type of choice options given to online viewers (e.g. one 60 s or two 30 s advertisements). The second independent variable manipulated when the choice was given to online viewers (i.e. at the beginning of the viewing experience or in the middle of the experience). The dependent variable measured viewers’ choices concerning their preferred advertisement option. Findings The results across both studies found that participants made choices that minimized total advertisement exposure time when possible. When minimizing total exposure time was not possible, participants made choices that minimized the number of exposures instead. Originality/value These investigations extend the literature on advertisement choice by examining online viewers’ preferences about the format of their advertising experience rather than the content of the persuasive messages themselves. In addition, these investigations provide value by investigating viewers’ responses to stimuli within realistic online simulations rather than abstract hypotheticals.

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