scholarly journals Ar baigėsi posocializmas Lietuvoje? Antropologija ir posocializmo transformacijų etnografija

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) 2020 ◽  
pp. 9-35
Author(s):  
Kristina Šliavaitė
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Soviet System ◽  
The West ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Cultural Transformations

Has Post-Socialism Ended in Lithuania? The Anthropology and Ethnography of Post-Socialist Transformations The main aim of the paper is to overview ethnographic research on post-socialist transformations in Lithuania by contextualising it within the broader framework of the field of anthropology of post-socialism. The author refers to numerous discussions in the field on the validity of the use of the term post-socialism long after the collapse of the Soviet system (Sampson 1999; Humphrey 2002; Műller 2019, etc), and discusses whether and how selected ethnographies on social cultural transformations in Lithuania after the 1990s and later use the term postsocialism, and how the period is defined conceptually and chronologically. The first part of the paper introduces discussions in anthropology on challenges in defining the post-socialist region and the chronology of post-socialism (Humphrey 2002; Buyandelgeriyn 2008; Frederiksen, Knudsen 2015; Műller 2019; Нильсен 2004, etc), as well as reflections on issues of the representation and unequal relations between the West and the East in studies of post-socialist European countries (Thelen 2011; Buchowski 2012; Cervinkova 2012; Klumbytė, Sharafutdinova 2013b; Frederiksen, Knudsen 2015, etc). These critical studies indicate that ethnographies of socialist and post-socialist East Central Europe constructed it as the ‘other’, different to the western part of the region (Thelen 2011; Buchowski 2012; Cervinkova 2012; Klumbytė, Sharafutdinova 2013b; Frederiksen, Knudsen 2015; Műller 2019; etc), and that the term post-socialist/post-socialism refers to these unequal relations between the West and the East (Cervinkova 2012; Frederiksen, Knudsen 2015; Műller 2019; etc). However, disregarding certain conceptual challenges, it is agreed that the ethnographies of social cultural transformations in post-socialist European countries are unique and important, due to their methodological approach (long-term fieldwork), and focus on people’s everyday lives and the emphasis on the interrelations of cultural, social and economic processes (Burawoy, Verdery 1999; Hann 2002; Hőrschelmann, Stenning 2008, etc).

Behind the Limes: On the Quest for an Eastern Dimension of European Identity

Human Affairs ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Hocman
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
European Identity ◽  
The West ◽  
Totalitarian Regime ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The Impact

Behind the Limes: On the Quest for an Eastern Dimension of European IdentityAlthough the integration processes in Western Europe have been studied for decades, the idea of European identity as a specific area of scholarship is relatively new. This interest coincides with fundamental changes that have occurred in Europe since 1989 and that may impact the internal coherence of the enlarged European Union. Over the past decades, the East-West dichotomy has been magnified due to the impact of Communism in the East, which exacerbated an already existent sense in the West of Eastern Europe's primordial otherness. Since four decades of Communism in East Central and Southern Europe produced only two, or at most, three generations that were raised and lived under a totalitarian regime, a long-term historical perspective is essential for a better understanding of the mutual estrangement. The paper examines the origins and key moments in the alienation of Eastern and Western Europe as reflected in ancient, medieval and modern history. It focuses on the present stage of perception of East Central Europe in the West. In the final part, it identifies societal values that may re-generate socio-cultural cohesiveness aimed at filling the gap between the two parts of Europe.

scholarly journals Cervical Cancer Mortality in East-Central European Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4639
Author(s):  
Cezary Wojtyla ◽  
Michal Ciebiera ◽  
Dariusz Kowalczyk ◽  
Grzegorz Panek
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central European ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
East Central European

Changes that took place in Europe in the early 1990s had an impact on health-associated issues. They were an impulse for the changes in healthcare systems and, consequently, also for the changes in cancer control programmes. Those changes also had an effect on mortality rates due to cervical cancer (CC). Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse CC mortality trends in east-central Europe after 1990. Data on deaths due to CC were retrieved from the WHO Mortality Database. Trends in east-central European countries between 1990 and 2017 were assessed using Joinpoint Regression Program software. CC mortality decreased in the majority of analysed countries. However, an increase was observed in Latvia and Bulgaria. Despite decreasing mortality in the majority of the analysed countries, significant differences were observed. In order to improve the epidemiological situation, effective early detection programmes for cervical cancer ought to be rearranged and based not only on pap smears but also on molecular methods, as well as on introducing widespread programmes of vaccination against HPV.

Weak democracies under pressure, 1918 and 1989 in comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Dieter Segert
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
The West ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Careful Handling ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Economic Transitions

The article is concerned with the recent crisis of representative democracy. It analyses especially the features and conditions of the democratic decay in East-Central Europe. The method of the study consists mainly in a thorough interpretation of different data from the field of social, political and economic transitions during and after the 1990s. Additionally, the article examines the fate of democratic regimes in the interwar period and the causes of its weakness. The population’s expectations towards political transformations was a major driving factor of politics in both periods of time in East-Central Europe. The article tries to answer the question how to deal successfully with the democracy crises in the region. The stabilisation of democratic polities would need both a strong social policy on the basis of an economic catch up with the West and a careful handling of the fears of “globalization”.

Historical Writing in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Górny
Keyword(s):  
Historical Writing ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
Central European ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Post War ◽  
Control Education ◽  
The 1960S

This chapter focuses on historical writing in three central European states—Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. It looks at the long-term trends and phenomena in historical writing in the region. The first is the coexistence during the immediate post-war years of communist policy, together with more or less nationalistic historical interpretations. The next stage is typified by attempts to control education and research, and to reshape the organizational structure of historiography. An output of both of these phenomena was the ‘final’ or mature Marxist interpretations of Polish, Hungarian, Czech, and Slovak history. The next regional stage to have a considerable impact on the region’s historiography is the ‘golden age’ of the 1960s, when most of the innovative and influential books were published, and historians from East Central Europe came into closer contact with their colleagues from the western part of the continent.

Theories of Language

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Fellerer
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Political ◽  
The West ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
East Central ◽  
The Third ◽  
Political Implications

This chapter identifies key notions about the nature and workings of language and their wider political implications in Europe from around 1789 to the first decades of the nineteenth century. There are at least three formations, aesthetic and philosophical, linguistic, and political. Even though treated under separate headings for ease of exposition, they are meant to meet in this introduction in response to more granular surveys. The political dimension in particular tends to be left to historians or to philologists who deal with that part of the continent where it first gained real prominence: East and East Central Europe. Thus, after the first two sections on aspects of philosophy and early linguistics, where the focus is on Germany with France and England, the third section on language and nation moves eastwards to the Slavonic-speaking lands, to finally return back, albeit very briefly, to the West. The main purpose of this survey to provide introduction and guidance.

scholarly journals The origin of grasslands in the temperate forest zone of east-central Europe: long-term legacy of climate and human impact

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Kuneš ◽  
Helena Svobodová-Svitavská ◽  
Jan Kolář ◽  
Mária Hajnalová ◽  
Vojtěch Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Impact ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central
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