Control education in the software age

According to a commonplace saying, software is eating the world. Is software also eating control engineering? Software is currently transforming many industries including but not limited to automotive aiming at automated mobility services, agriculture moving to Agriculture 4.0, and factory automation with Industry 4.0. Software is simultaneously a flexible and universal functions enabler, and a driver of engineering complexity. At times, it seems that control engineers and software engineers are not understanding each other well enough. This article discusses two key engineering domains adjacent to control, systems and software engineering, covering engineering practice, design data exchange, and education. Finally, it suggests an extension to academic control curricula help to make control graduates even better team players.

The Effects of Snack Control Education and Telephone Coaching on Self-Management, Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Blood Glucose in Diabetes Patients

Dietary therapy for diabetes is the most basic way to manage blood glucose. Currently, the nutritional intake rate of diabetic patients in Korea is beyond the recommended rate of the Korean Diabetes Association, showing large amounts of carbohydrates in foods consumed as snacks with an additional focus on sugar. Thus, it is necessary to support healthy dietary habits through snack control. This study is a random assignment experimental study with a total of 56 participants; 28 participants were in the control group, while the remaining 28 patients had type 2 diabetes and had visited Kyung Hee University Hospital. The experimental group with snack control education and telephone coaching exhibited a higher self-management score (t = –9.494, P < 0.001), perceived social support score (t = 7.201, P < 0.001), and self-efficacy score (t = 7.185, P < 0.001) than the control group. Additionally, the experimental group showed lower levels of glycosylated hemoglobin and average blood glucose compared to the control group (t = –4.820, P < 0.001). Thus, snack control education and telephone coaching are effective in improving diabetes self-management behavior, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and reducing glycosylated hemoglobin and average blood glucose. These results confirm the usefulness of snack education materials, and I suggest snack control education as a means of arbitration to improve the self-care of diabetics.

Implementation of a structured practical activity to analyse student healthcare worker perceptions and compliance with prescribed infection control procedures

Background Non-compliance with infection control guidelines has been reported within healthcare settings. Infection control education in undergraduate healthcare education programs forms a critical component in preparing student healthcare workers for vocational roles. Methods Clinical sciences students (nutrition science, paramedicine, pharmacy, podiatry, optometry studying for qualifications recognised by the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency) self-reported hygiene perceptions and practices and collected microbiological swabs from personal or medical equipment items before and after recommended disinfection procedures. Results Cultivable microorganisms were isolated from 95% of student medical equipment items. Disinfection significantly reduced microbial growth on student medical equipment items (P < 0.05). Conclusions Student perceptions of infection control procedures do not always correlate with infection control practice. Infection control education of undergraduate healthcare students requires ongoing assessment to ensure successful translation into clinical practice.

Chinese Parent Intention to Vaccinate Children With Special Diseases Against COVID-19

Background: Information on the intention of parents of children with special diseases to vaccinate their children against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is scarce.Methods: In this survey, all participants (n = 914) were enrolled from a tertiary children's hospital between September 2020 and April 2021. A face-to-face questionnaire interview was conducted to collect information on the special diseases of children and parental attitudes about the COVID-19 vaccine. We compared the demographic and disease factors between the group of parents who were willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19 and the group who were unwilling to vaccinate.Results: Among 941 children, 58.1% (n = 547) were boys. The Mean age was 1.4 (SD 1.9) years. If the COVID-19 vaccine becomes available for the child, 470 (49.9%) of parents were willing to provide vaccination for their children. The less the education levels of the father or mother, the more likely they were to vaccinate their children (P = 0.003, P = 0.007). However, more intentions to vaccinate were provided in parents of children with COVID-19 prevention and control education (P &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Our findings provided evidence that some parents are willing to vaccinate their children with special diseases against COVID-19. Professional knowledge about COVID-19 prevention and control may contribute to increased parental intention.

Digital Twin Based Interactive Mechatronics Lab Development for Remote Lab Offering and Evaluation

Mechatronics and control education is supported by laboratory intensive assignments that allow students acquire software and hardware skills to solve real world problems. However, COVID-19 force many schools to switch into remote learning complicating the instruction of practical assignments. This paper presents a novel proposal for interactive remote teaching of the laboratory component of the course ME-142: Mechatronics at the University of California, Merced using Digital Twins (DT) and the flipped classroom methodology. Each lab experience is composed by a set of on-demand supporting materials with the foundations of mechatronics simulation using MATLAB/Simulink to enhance and adapt the learning experience of the students. Once the students acquire advanced simulation skills, a set of Digital Twin models are provided to the students in order to begin their interaction with virtual representations of real systems for identification, analysis, controller design and validation, which are available online for remote access. By the end of the course, students were able not only to gain valuable experience with mechatronic systems but also interact and build advanced modelling techniques as Digital Twin, contributing to compensate the lack of remote hardware interaction.

Study On the Ideological and Political Construction of College Courses from the Content of Tobacco Control Education

Objectives: Using the theory of health education to guide students in efficient schools to carry out tobacco control intervention, and to study students' understanding of smoking, a behavior harmful to health. At the same time, it also studies the transformation from students' belief (attitude) to behavior. From this, through the content of tobacco control education, this paper studies the methods of Ideological and political construction in Colleges and universities. Methods: Through literature search, the research on tobacco control intervention at home and abroad was queried. The 18-20-year-old students of different majors in two meritorious universities a and B were given questionnaires by special personnel, and the questionnaires were filled in anonymously. After collecting the questionnaires, reject the unqualified questionnaires and sort out all the qualified questionnaires. EpiData was used to establish the database of the questionnaire, and SPSS was used for statistical analysis. According to the nature of the data, general descriptive analysis was used to explore the changes of various factors before and after the intervention of tobacco control health education. Results: In terms of smoking control attitude, 59.6% of smoking students did not want to quit smoking, and 85.1% of smoking students felt that smoking was conducive to social interaction. After the intervention of health education, the participation rate of students in tobacco control activities increased from 29.2% to 95.2%. The smoking rate decreased from 12.5% to 6.1%. More than 80% of smoking students have the desire to quit smoking. Conclusion: After making full use of the comprehensive health education method of the combination of new media and traditional intervention measures, students' mastery of the health theory of tobacco control has changed significantly. The attitude towards tobacco control is becoming more and more positive, and the smoking rate is much lower than that before the intervention. The research results can be used in the construction of Ideological and political education.

Fecal transmission, prevention and control Education App (Preprint)

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) said the situation in India was a "devastating reminder" of what the coronavirus could do. COVID-19 cases suddenly spiked across India. Malaysia is also facing a surge in Covid-19 due to the spread of covid-19 by asymptomatic covid-19 carriers. Both country are practice home quarantine for asymptomatic covid-19 carriers. Fecal transmission may be one of the important transmission routes that caused many undetected asymptomatic covid-19 carriers to accumulate and suddenly surge in India and Malaysia. Therefore, it is important to develop an application that can publicize information on Fecal transmission asymptomatic covid-19 carriers. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this application is to provide sufficient information and scientific research evidence to ensure that prevention strategies and control for Fecal transmission must be implemented. The app is also open to anyone who uses it to educate others so that information can be shared more quickly to prevent other countries from becoming "Second India or Malaysia". METHODS The homepage of the app start shows that App, Game Base Learning to Prevent Infection from COVID-19 (version 3) [Peter Chew, 2020 ] available World Health Organization (WHO) . The importance of testing all close contacts with patients for covid-19 and being quarantined has been emphasized. Follow by Untested, home quarantine asymptomatic will increase fecal transmission. For prevent and control, the apps suggest toilets in public and quarantine centers must be cleaned regularly, and all families will face fines if they find that the toilets are dirty to reduce Fecal-Oral Transmission of COVID-19. The app also emphasized the important of Stool Examination in Asymptomatic Carriers as a Strategic Measure to Control Further Spread of SARS-CoV-2 . RESULTS In this application, fecal transmission prevention and control education App(1) provides sufficient information and scientific research evidence to prove that fecal transmission is one of the main reason of home quarantine for asymptomatic covid-19 carriers leading to high covid-19 infection. The application also suggests some prevention and control of fecal transmission to reduce fecal transmission to reduce infection. home quarantine lead to the accumulation of asymptomatic high viral load covid-19 carriers and cause the current COVID-19 and higher mortality rate . As we have seen China advise Italy before, home quarantine for mild COVID-19 cases is wrong. CONCLUSIONS China revised the definition of “close contacts” of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. “In the past, close contacts were defined as the families of a patient, or people who had meals or meetings with the patient in an office or within one metre in the two days before the symptom onset,” China's new definition of "close contacts" includes people stayed in the same space, same unit, or even in the same building in the four days before the onset of symptoms, taking into account the spread of fecal aerosols in high-rise buildings for virus SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant carriers.