Antibiotic activity of strains of the fungus Lecanicillium muscarium against phytopathogens

PROCEEDINGS OF V INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE” ◽

10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-117 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A.A. Choglokova ◽

◽

G.V. Mitina ◽

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽

Antibiotic Activity ◽

Lecanicillium Muscarium ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Highly Virulent ◽

F 14

The aim of the work was the identification of the antibiotic properties of highly virulent strains of the fungus Lecanicillium. Most of the strains were more active against phytopathogenic fungi than bacteria. Strain F 14 showed high antibiotic properties against both fungal and bacterial pathogens. Strain Vl 79 (L. dimorphum) was more active against phytopathogenic fungi, and Vl 61 showed good results against bacteria.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Host-pathogen o-methyltransferase similarity and its specific presence in highly virulent strains of Francisella tularensis suggests molecular mimicry.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.11289956.12287054 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

George Petrikkos ◽

Sotirios Tsiodras

Keyword(s):

Francisella Tularensis ◽

Molecular Mimicry ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Host Pathogen ◽

Highly Virulent

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How Molecular Epidemiology Can Affect Tuberculosis Control in the Middle East Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526520666200106123619 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Asgharzadeh ◽

Jalil Rashedi ◽

Behroz Mahdavi Poor ◽

Hossein Samadi kafil ◽

Hossein Moharram Zadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Middle East ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Average Rate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Close Monitoring ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Middle East Countries ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Recent Transmission ◽

Highly Virulent

: Nowadays, due to the incidence of specific strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and also increase the rate of drug resistant-TB mortality rate has elevated by this disease. Identification of common strains in the region as well as sources of transmission are essential to control the disease that this has been possible by using molecular epidemiology. In this survey, studies which have been carried out based on spoligotyping method in Muslim Middle East countries were considered to determine their role in control of TB. All studies conducted from 2005 to June 2016 were considered systematically in three electronic data bases and finally, 23 studies were selected. The average rate of clustering was 84% and the rate of recent transmission was variable from 21.7% to 92.4%. Incidence of Beijing strains was been rising in the considered countries. In Iran and Saudi Arabia which are immigration and labour-hosting countries, respectively, rapid transmittable strains and drug resistant Beijings were higher than other considered countries. Considering the incidence of highly virulent strains, due to the increase of immigration and people infected with HIV, tuberculosis, especially drug resistant form, the lack of close monitoring in the future will be induce trouble.

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Sero- and apx-typing of German Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae field isolates from 2010 to 2019 reveals a predominance of serovar 2 with regular apx-profile

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s13567-020-00890-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lukas Schuwerk ◽

Doris Hoeltig ◽

Karl-Heinz Waldmann ◽

Peter Valentin-Weigand ◽

Judith Rohde

Keyword(s):

Reference Strain ◽

Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae ◽

Etiological Agent ◽

Toxin Gene ◽

Gene Profile ◽

Field Isolates ◽

Porcine Pleuropneumonia ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Highly Virulent

AbstractSerotyping is the most common method to characterize field isolates of Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia. Based on serology, many farms seem to be infected and antibodies against a wide variety of serovars are detectable, but, so far it is unknown to what degree respective serovars contribute to outbreaks of clinical manifest disease. In this study, 213 German A. pleuropneumoniae field isolates retrieved for diagnostic purposes from outbreaks of porcine pleuropneumonia between 2010 and 2019 were genetically serotyped and analyzed regarding their apx-toxin gene profile using molecular methods. Serotyping revealed a prominent role of serovar 2 in clinical cases (64% of all isolates) and an increase in the detection of this serovar since 2010 in German isolates. Serovar 9/11 followed as the second most frequent serovar with about 15% of the isolates. Furthermore, very recently described serovars 16 (n = 2) and 18 (n = 8) were detected. Most isolates (93.4%) showed apx-profiles typical for the respective serovar. However, this does not hold true for isolates of serovar 18, as 75% (n = 6) of all isolates of this serovar deviated uniformly from the “typical” apx-gene profile of the reference strain 7311555. Notably, isolates from systemic lesions such as joints or meninges did not harbor the complete apxICABD operon which is considered typical for highly virulent strains. Furthermore, the extremely low occurrence (n = 1) of NAD independent (biovar II) isolates in German A. pleuropneumoniae was evident in our collection of clinical isolates.

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Label-Free Quantitative Acetylome Analysis Reveals Toxoplasma gondii Genotype-Specific Acetylomic Signatures

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms7110510 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 510 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ze-Xiang Wang ◽

Rui-Si Hu ◽

Chun-Xue Zhou ◽

Jun-Jun He ◽

Hany M. Elsheikha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Label Free ◽

Histone Acetyl Transferase ◽

Genotype I ◽

Host Cell Response ◽

Genotype Iii ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Highly Virulent ◽

Insight Into ◽

Specific Virulence

Distinct genotypic and pathogenic differences exist between Toxoplasma gondii genotypes. For example, genotype I is highly virulent, whereas genotype II and genotype III are less virulent. Moreover, Chinese 1 genotype (ToxoDB#9) is also virulent. Here, we compare the acetylomes of genotype 1 (RH strain) and Chinese 1 genotype (ToxoDB#9, PYS strain) of T. gondii. Using mass spectrometry enriched for acetylated peptides, we found a relationship between the levels of protein acetylation and parasite genotype-specific virulence. Notably, lysine acetylation was the largest (458 acetylated proteins) in RH strain, followed by PYS strain (188 acetylated proteins), whereas only 115 acetylated proteins were detected in PRU strain. Our analysis revealed four, three, and four motifs in RH strain, PRU strain and PYS strain, respectively. Three conserved sequences around acetylation sites, namely, xxxxxKAcHxxxx, xxxxxKAcFxxxx, and xxxxGKAcSxxxx, were detected in the acetylome of the three strains. However, xxxxxKAcNxxxx (asparagine) was found in RH and PYS strains but was absent in PRU strain. Our analysis also identified 15, 3, and 26 differentially expressed acetylated proteins in RH strain vs. PRU strain, PRU strain vs. PYS strain and PYS strain vs. RH strain, respectively. KEGG pathway analysis showed that a large proportion of the acetylated proteins are involved in metabolic processes. Pathways for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, biosynthesis of antibiotics and microbial metabolism in diverse environments were featured in the top five enriched pathways in all three strains. However, acetylated proteins from the virulent strains (RH and PYS) were more enriched in the pyruvate metabolism pathway compared to acetylated proteins from PRU strain. Increased levels of histone-acetyl-transferase and glycyl-tRNA synthase were detected in RH strain compared to PRU strain and PYS strain. Both enzymes play roles in stress tolerance and proliferation, key features in the parasite virulence. These findings reveal novel insight into the acetylomic profiles of major T. gondii genotypes and provide a new important resource for further investigations of the roles of the acetylated parasite proteins in the modulation of the host cell response to the infection of T. gondii.

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Protection from Clinical Disease Against Three Highly Virulent Strains of Newcastle Disease Virus After In Ovo Application of an Antibody–Antigen Complex Vaccine in Maternal Antibody–Positive Chickens

Avian Diseases Digest ◽

10.1637/10268-998012-digest.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e24-e26

Author(s):

Darrell R. Kapczynski ◽

Alison Martin ◽

Eid E. Haddad ◽

Daniel J. King

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease Virus ◽

Disease Virus ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Maternal Antibody ◽

Clinical Disease ◽

In Ovo ◽

Virulent Strains ◽

Antigen Complex ◽

Highly Virulent

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Bacteremia in Childhood Life-Threatening Infections in Urban Gambia: EUCLIDS in West Africa

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz332 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F Secka ◽

J A Herberg ◽

I Sarr ◽

S Darboe ◽

G Sey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Severe Infection ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Antibiotic Activity ◽

The Gambia ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Hydration Status ◽

London School ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Life Threatening

Abstract Background The limited availability of microbiology services in sub-Saharan Africa impedes accurate diagnosis of bacterial pathogens and understanding of trends in prevalence and antibiotic sensitivities. We aimed to characterize bacteremia among hospitalized children in The Gambia and to identify factors associated with bacteremia and mortality. Methods We prospectively studied children presenting with suspected severe infection to 2 urban hospitals in The Gambia, between January 2013 and September 2015. Demographic and anthropometric data, clinical features, management, and blood culture results were documented. Urine screens for antibiotic activity were performed in a subset of participants. Results Of 411 children enrolled (median age, 29 months; interquartile range, 11–82), 79.5% (325 of 409) reported prehospital antibiotic use. Antimicrobial activity by urinary screen for antibiotic activity was detected in 70.8% (n = 80 of 113). Sixty-six bacterial pathogens were identified in 65 (15.8%) participants and Staphylococcus aureus predominated. Gram-positive organisms were more commonly identified than Gram-negative (P < .01). Antibiotic resistance against first-line antimicrobials (ampicillin and gentamicin) was common among Gram-negative bacteria (39%; range, 25%–100%). Factors significantly associated with bacteremia included the following: gender, hydration status, musculoskeletal examination findings, admission to the Medical Research Council The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine hospital, and meeting sepsis criteria. Those associated with increased mortality were presence of a comorbidity, clinical pallor, tachypnea, and altered consciousness. Tachycardia was associated with reduced mortality. Conclusions The bacteremia rate in children with suspected childhood life-threatening infectious diseases in The Gambia is high. The pattern of pathogen prevalence and antimicrobial resistance has changed over time compared with previous studies illustrating the importance of robust bacterial surveillance programs in resource-limited settings.

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