scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Rice Field Eel (Monopterus albus) in China Based on RAPD Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RONG-BIAN WEI ◽  
GAO-FENG QIU ◽  
RU SONG
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Monopterus Albus ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Rice Field Eel ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
China Mainland

The genetic diversity of seven populations of Monopterus albus from China, i.e., Yancheng, Mianyang, Baoding, Suqian, Anshun, Shaoyang and Nanning, was studied based on RAPD analysis. Thirteen of 50 arbitrate primers were screened to detect 122 polymorphic loci in 72 individuals. Shannon index, Nei’s gene diversity coefficient and percentage of polymorphic loci analysis consistently indicated that Mianyang and Yancheng populations displayed the largest diversity information, followed by Baoding, Suqian, Nanning, Anshun and Shaoyang in order. The genetic variations were found partitioned mainly within rather than among populations, as the latter accounted for only a small portion of variations (27.9％ by AMOVA). Genetic differentiation existed among all the populations (Gst = 0.1798), with a gene flow of 2.2813.The overall Shannon index and Nei’s gene diversity index was 0.4991 and 0.3302 respectively. Inferred from genetic distance, a phylogenetic dendrogram was also constructed by UPGMA method for the seven populations. Generally speaking, low genetic diversity was shown for all these populations of M. albus in China mainland.

Genetic diversity of wild and cultured swamp eel (Monopterus albus) populations from central China revealed by ISSR markers

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Wen-Xiu Sun ◽  
Jun Fan ◽  
Chao-Chao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Central China ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Monopterus Albus ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Asian Swamp Eel ◽  
Swamp Eel

AbstractAsian swamp eel is a highly commercial fish, primarily for China and other Asian countries. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the genetic diversity of wild and cultured samples of Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus using ISSR markers. A total of 129 individuals belonging to three wild samples, Xiantao (XT), Huanggang (HG), Xinyang (XY) and three cultured samples, Wuhan (WH), Jingzhou (JZ) and Nanjing (NJ) were randomly selected for genetic analysis. Twelve ISSR primers were used for screening the six populations and 110 loci were obtained. The polymorphic loci were estimated to be 54%, 56.3%, 58.2%, 60.6%, 69.5% and 71% in NJ,WH, JZ, XT, HG and XY samples, respectively. Average heterozygosity value varied from 0.1956 to 0.2449. The three wild samples showed higher genetic diversity than the cultured samples (P < 0.05), including polymorphic bands (PPB), observed number of alleles per locus (to), effective number of alleles per locus (Ne), Nei’s gene diversity index (H) and Shannon’s information index (I).

scholarly journals DNA barcode reference libraryconstruction and population genetic diversity and structure analysis of Amomum villosum Lour. in Daodi production area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Danchun ◽  
Xiaoxia Ding ◽  
Wan Guan ◽  
Juan Huang ◽  
He Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Amomum Villosum

Abstract Background: The Amomum villosum has the situation that it is inferior and other other varieties are used as A. villosum in the market. In order to develop and utilize the genuine medicinal materials A. villosum, this experiment aims to carry out the identification and research of variety of the A. villosum and analyze its genetic diversity, constructing the DNA barcode database of the genuine medicinal materials A. villosum in Guangdong Province and providing recommendations for populations planting, which will be critical to the further research of A. villosum. (2) Methods: A total of 141 samples of A. villosum were analyzed by DNA barcoding to construct DNA barcode database. The genetic diversity of A. villosum sampled from 7 populations in Guangdong Province was detected based on ISSR molecular marker technology. (3) Results: The success rates of PCR amplification and sequencing of five barcodes of A. villosumwas rbcL> ITS > ITS2 >psbA-trnH>matK. 141 samples of A. villosum from 7 populations in Guangdong Province were used to construct a reference DNA barcode database containing 531 sequences. The results of genetic diversity were as follow, the number of alleles Na ranged from 1.2879 to 1.7121, the effective number of alleles Ne ranged from 1.1848 to 1.4240, the gene diversity index (H) ranged from 0.2536 to 0.1117, and the Shannon index (I) ranged from 0.3816 to 0.1658, whichindicatedthegenetic diversity of A.Villosum was rich. The total genetic diversity among the 7 populations (Ht) was 0.3299, the genetic diversity within the populations (Hs) was 0.1819, and the gene differentiation coefficient (Gst) was 0.4487. AMOVA showed that the genetic variation within the populations and the genetic variation between the populations accounted for 68.74% (P<0.05) and 31.26% (P<0.05) respectively, indicating that the genetic variation of A. villosum was mainly within the populations. The gene flow Nm was 0.6143.The genetic distance of the 7 populations was 0.0844 - 0.3347, and the genetic identity was 0.7156 - 0.9191, confirming that the genetic relationship of each population was relatively close. The 7 populations were significantly grouped in the cluster analysis and the genetic level of each population from high to low was as follow: ZY (National Highway Roadside) > ZJD (Zhongjiaodong) > GY (Geopark) >MM (Dianbai) > YC (Dadong Village) > XFC (Xingfu Village) > TK (Tankui Village). There was no correlation between the geographic distance and the degree of genetic differentiation among populations. Conclusion: By amplifying and sequencing five barcodes of ITS2, psbA-trnH, ITS, matK and rbcL, a reference DNA barcode database of A. villosum with 531 sequences was constructed. The results of genetic diversity showed that it is necessary to take appropriate in situ protection measures for the populations of A. villosum in Yangchun City and increase the genetic exchange between populations to improve the genetic diversity of A. villosum.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense Ehrend. (Rubiaceae)- the Polish endemic plant

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Cieślak ◽  
Zbigniew Szeląg
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Aflp Analysis ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Jurassic Limestone

Genetic diversity of <em>Galium cracoviense</em>, a narrow endemic species, limited to the small area in southern Poland and concentrated on Jurassic limestone outcrops near Częstochowa, was examined using the AFLP marker. Twenty nine individuals from three spatially isolated populations were used for the study. AFLP analysis yielded 157 bands, of which 110 (70%) were polymorphic. The AMOVA analysis revealed a substantially higher variation within populations (89.35%) than among them (10.65%). Values of parameters describing population genetic diversity, such as Shannon index and gene diversity index estimated for each population, were highly similar. The results indicate a high level of genetic polymorphism as well as a high genetic similarity of the isolated populations of <em>G. cracoviense</em> and thus an unconstrained gene flow between them. Based on the results we conclude that additional demographic and genetic studies, are necessary to monitor potential decrease of populations size resulting mainly from the mechanical destruction of plants and their habitats caused by intense tourism. Due to the small general range of occurrence, conservation should include the highest possible number of populations of <em>G. cracoviense</em>.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Promising Castor Been (Ricinus communis L.) Genotypes in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-474
Author(s):  
Bolaji Zuluqurineen SALIHU ◽  
Olamide Ahmed FALUSI ◽  
Adeyinka Olufemi ADEPOJU ◽  
Ibrahim Wasiu AROLU ◽  
Oladipupo Yusuf DAUDU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Ricinus Communis L

Castor oil plant (Ricinus communis L.) is an important oil crop with little research attention in Nigeria. In the present research, extent of genetic diversity among 20 Nigerian castor genotypes was determined using morphological descriptors and molecular markers. The genotypes were laid out on a randomized complete block design with three replicated plots. Molecular genotyping of the genotypes was carried out using genomic Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). The genotypes revealed high divergence in seed colour, seed shape, seed mottle, seed caruncle and seed sizes. Seedling establishment varied from 70.18% (in Acc. 006) to 93.25% (Acc. 001) with average mean of 81.53%. Raceme length ranged from 15.90 cm to 29.54 cm with population mean of 20.80 cm. The highest seed yield (1222.98 kg/ha) was recorded in Acc. 001 and the least (611.46 kg/ha) was observed in Acc. 006. Seed oil content varied between 32.15% in Acc. 042 and 54.03% in Acc. 006. Agglomerative cluster dendrogram constructed from morphological data showed random distribution of the genotypes into three cluster groups irrespective of the sources/collection points. The genetic diversity based on SSR Marker Analysis revealed high average expected heterozygosity (0.74), Polymorphic information content (0.68), Nei’s gene diversity index (0.72) and Shannon's Information index (1.43). The dendrogram constructed from molecular data grouped the twenty genotypes into three groups at coefficient of 0.34. From these findings, it showed that the twenty genotypes evaluated are divergent in nature and they could serve as good genetic material for castor breeding in Nigeria.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in wild and hatchery populations of stinging catfish (Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch) revealed by RAPD analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Md Nazrul Islam ◽  
Abhishak Basak ◽  
Dr Ashrafullah ◽  
Md Samsul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Polymorphic Loci

Context: DNA fingerprinting using genetic markers such as Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), microsatellite (Simple sequence repeat), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) etc. can be successfully used to reveal genetic variation within and among different populations. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess genetic diversity in two wild and one hatchery populations of stinging catfish Heteropneustes fossilis by RAPD fingerprinting. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 live fish (H. fossilis), 30 from each source, were collected from a beel in Patuakhali, a beel in Jessore and Rupali Hatchery, Mymensingh. Genomic DNA was extracted from fin tissues. The concentration of DNA was estimated using a spectrophotometer. Fifteen decamer primers of random sequence from three kits (six from kit A, seven from kit B and two from kit C) (Operon technologies, Inc., Alameda, CA, USA) were screened on sub-samples of one randomly chosen H. fossilis DNA sample from the each population to test their suitability for amplifying RAPDs. The amplified products from each sample were separated by electrophoresis on 1.4% agarose gel containing ethidium bromide. The sizes of the bands were calculated using the software DNAFRAG and the sizes in base pair (bp) were used for identification of the bands (RAPD markers). The similarity index values (SI) between the RAPD fingerprint of any two individuals on the same gel were calculated from RAPD band sharing. Results: A total of 28 RAPD bands were obtained using four decamer random primers, among which 21 bands were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic loci, intra-population similarity indices and Nei's gene diversity values were 85.71%, 78.75 and 0.304±0.183 for Jessore population, 83.71%, 82.62 and 0.280±0.159 for Patuakhali population, 82.14%, 85.25 and 0.271±0.165 for Rupali hatchery population, respectively. The overall gene flow (Nm) among the populations was 5.755. The highest inter-similarity (Sij) was found between Patuakhali - Rupali hatchery populations. Among the three populations, the highest genetic distance (0.069) was found between Jessore and Patuakhali population. Considering polymorphic loci, intrapopulation similarity index and gene diversity the genetic variation in the Jessore population was higher than the other two populations. The genetic variation of the hatchery population was found to be lower than the two wild populations. Conclusion: The result of the present study can be used as baseline information regarding the genetic variation and population structure before undertaking any breeding programme. Study indicated that the genetic variation in the hatchery populations were slightly lower than those of the wild populations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v19i0.13005 J. bio-sci. 19 81-87, 2011

Genetic Variation in Invasive Populations of Yellow Toadflax (Linaria vulgaris) in the Western United States

Weed Science ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah M. Ward ◽  
Scott D. Reid ◽  
Judy Harrington ◽  
Jason Sutton ◽  
K George Beck
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Restricted Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Yellow Toadflax

Intraspecific genetic variation may contribute significantly to invasiveness and control problems, but has been characterized to date in relatively few invasive weed species. We examined 56 intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) loci in 220 individuals from 11 invading populations of yellow toadflax sampled across five western states. All populations showed high levels of genetic diversity. Estimated values for Shannon's diversity measure ranged from 0.217 to 0.388, and for expected heterozygosity from 0.178 to 0.260. Nei's total gene diversity index (HT), on the basis of all individuals across all populations, was 0.267. Partitioning of genetic variance using analysis of molecular variance revealed 1.7% of genetic variation among regional population groups, 29.1% among populations within groups, and 69.2% within populations, consistent with expectations for an outcrossing species but suggesting little geographic differentiation. Pairs of adjacent individuals identical at all ISSR loci that appeared to be ramets of a single clone were detected in only one population. This indicates that patch expansion in yellow toadflax is driven more by sexual reproduction via seed than by rhizomatous clonal spread, at least at the spatial scale of sampling for this study. Eight populations had significant values for Mantel's R at P = 0.05, suggesting some fine-scale positive genetic structuring, possibly from restricted gene flow. Population clustering on the basis of Nei's genetic distance between populations and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean did not reflect geographic location. It is likely that multiple introductions of this species have occurred across the Intermountain West, followed by extensive genetic recombination. High levels of genetic diversity within yellow toadflax populations pose management challenges, as already seen in reports of variable response to herbicide application and limited impacts of biocontrol agent releases.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Cultivated Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Genotypes Using Rapd Primers

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saida Sharifova ◽  
Sabina Mehdiyeva ◽  
Konstantinos Theodorikas ◽  
Konstantinos Roubos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

Abstract Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was carried out on 19 Azerbaijan tomato genotypes, both cultivars and local populations. A total of 26 amplified products were revealed by 6 primers. The genetic similarity among evaluated genotypes ranged from 0.188 to 1.000. The lowest similarity was observed between cultivars ‘Azerbaijan’ and ‘Shakar’ (0.188), while the highest between ‘Elnur’ and ‘Garatag’ (1.000). The Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficient divided genotypes into four main groups. The first group was the largest and consisted of 12 genotypes, while the fourth group was the smallest consisted of 1 genotype only. The most polymorphic primer was OPB-18 that presented a genetic diversity index of 0.823, while the least informative was primer OPG-17 with an index of 0.349. The average genetic diversity calculated from RAPD data was 0.665.

scholarly journals Genetic Differentiation of Jack Pine (Pinus banksiana) and Red Pine (P. resinosa) Populations From Metal Contaminated Areas in Northern Ontario (Canada) Using ISSR Markers

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ranger ◽  
K. K. Nkongolo ◽  
P. Michael ◽  
P. Beckett
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Information Index

Abstract Metal accumulation in soil and plant tissues has caused severe ecological damage in forest ecosystems in the Sudbury region. The main objective of the present study was to determine the levels of genetic diversity in jack and red pine populations growing in metal contaminated and uncontaminated areas. Newly introduced populations were compared to 40 to 60 old populations. For jack pine, the percentage of polymorphic loci (P %) ranged from 14.6% to 45.8% with a mean of 31.6%. Nei’s gene diversity (h) varied from 0.046 to 0.169 with an average of 0.100, and Shannon’s index (I) ranged from 0.070 to 0.250 with an average of 0.153. The level of genetic variation was much lower in the red pine populations. For this species, the level of polymorphic loci varied from 4.55% to 27.27%. The mean for Nei’s gene diversity and Shannon’s information index, were 0.034 and 0.053, respectively. The highest genetic diversity values were observed in new plantations being developed by the Sudbury reforestation program. Overall, the genetic distance among the Pinus banksiana populations revealed that all the populations analyzed were genetically close to each other. There was no association between metal accumulation and genetic diversity for both species.

Genetic variation in populations of the endemic Achillea millefolium ssp. megacephala from the Athabasca sand dunes and the widespread ssp. lanulosa in western North America

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1138-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett G. Purdy ◽  
Randall J. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Achillea Millefolium ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Endemic Taxon ◽  
Starch Gel

As part of an analysis of genetic diversity in endemic taxa of the Athabasca sand dunes in northern Saskatchewan, Canada, genetic variation was examined by starch gel electrophoresis in six populations of the endemic Achillea millefolium ssp. megacephala, and 13 populations of the closely related widespread taxon, A. millefolium ssp. lanulosa. Endemic populations had more alleles per locus, a higher percentage of polymorphic loci, and greater genetic diversity than did populations of the widespread taxon. At polymorphic loci, total gene diversity was comparable in both taxa, although within-population gene diversity was higher in the endemic taxon. Population differentiation (GST) was considerably lower in ssp. megacephala than in ssp. lanulosa, although GST values were reduced when the parameter was calculated separately for geographic subdivisions of the widespread taxon. Our results differ from previous studies in which the endemic is typically depauperate of genetic variation relative to related widespread species. We suggest that obligate sexual reproduction and the absence of long-term asexual reproduction may be one of a number of factors that help populations of ssp. megacephala maintain higher levels of genetic variation on the Athabasca sand dunes. Keywords: genetic variation, endemic, rare species, Athabasca sand dunes, Achillea millefolium.

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