Energy performance of buildings. Presentation of measured energy use of buildings

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Measured Energy

Energy Saving Policies for Housing Based on Wrong Assumptions?

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Henk Visscher ◽  
Dasa Majcen ◽  
Laure Itard
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
New Buildings

The energy saving potential of the building stock is large and considered to be the most cost efficient to contribute to the CO2 reduction ambitions. Severe governmental policies steering on reducing the energy use seem essential to stimulate and enforce the improvement of the energy performance of buildings with a focus on reducing the heating and cooling energy demand. In Europe the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive is a driving force for member states to develop and strengthen energy performance regulations for new buildings and energy certificates for the building stock. The goals are to build net zero energy new buildings in 2020 and to reach a neutral energy situation in the whole stock by 2050. More and more research projects deliver insight that the expected impact of stricter regulations for newly built houses is limited and the actual effects of energy savings through housing renovations stay behind the expectations. Theoretical energy use calculated on base of the design standard for new houses and assessment standards for Energy Performance Certificates of existing dwellings differ largely from the measured actual energy use. The paper uses the findings of some Post Occupancy Evaluation research projects. Is the energy saving potential of the housing stock smaller than expected and should we therefore change the policies?

scholarly journals Achieving a More Sustainable and Fair Society: How Individual and Collective Action Shape the Energy Efficiency of Buildings / Conseguindo uma Sociedade Mais Sustentável e Justa: Como a Ação Individual e Coletiva Molda a Eficiência Energética dos Edifícios

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Parejo-Navajas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Use Behavior ◽  
Development Objective

AbstractThe behavior of occupants in buildings has an enormous impact on their energy consumption. Despite the efforts to improve the energy efficiency in buildings, there are still many barriers that need to be overcome. Behavior change measures -to improve the energy performance of buildings- are focused on both, the design and the use and operation of buildings. If we are really committed to achieving the sustainable development objective to improve our society’s well-being, special attention should be put into energy use behavior as it has been proven to be an effective way for improvement. ResumoO comportamento dos ocupantes em edifícios tem um enorme impacto no seu consumo de energia. Apesar dos esforços para melhorar a eficiência energética nos edifícios, ainda há muitas barreiras que precisam ser superadas. Medidas de mudança de condutas - para melhorar o desempenho energético dos edifícios - são focadas tanto no design como na utilização e operação de edifícios. Se estamos realmente empenhados em alcançar o objetivo de desenvolvimento sustentável para melhorar o bem-estar da nossa sociedade, uma atenção particular deve ser proporcionada em relação as condutas que influem no uso cotidiano de energia, uma vez que se provou ser um meio eficaz de progresso.

scholarly journals Indoor climate and energy performance in nearly zero energy day care centers and school buildings

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 02003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiser Ahmed ◽  
Kalle Kuusk ◽  
Henrik Heininen ◽  
Endrik Arumägi ◽  
Targo Kalamees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Measured Energy ◽  
Time Operation

This study presents the assessment of actual indoor climate condition and energy performance in eight NZEB school and daycare centers of NERO H2020 project. Physical parameters such as indoor temperature, relative humidity, CO2, airflow rate and temperature were measured during heating and cooling seasons, in parallel with an occupants’ questionnaires survey. Besides, calculated and measured energy data was collected from energy performance certificates and energy bills. Thermal comfort and IAQ were assessed based on categories in EN15251 standard with color footprints. Results showed that all the buildings had good or excellent indoor climate during the heating season. However, a large percentage of occupied hours were categorized as category IV during the cooling season, which mainly occurred due to too low indoor temperature caused by the low outdoor temperature during the measurement period. Also, all buildings achieved low CO2 levels. Moreover, the conducted questionaries’ survey showed good correlation with measured results for all buildings except in one building, which had odor and noise problems. In contrast, the measured energy use in 5 buildings out of 7 was increased by factor 2.1-3.0 compared to calculated annual energy use due to a full-time operation of the ventilation system and presence of hot kitchens.

scholarly journals Measured and simulated energy performance of OLK NZEB with heat pump and energy piles in Hämeenlinna

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 16012
Author(s):  
Jevgeni Fadejev ◽  
Raimo Simson ◽  
Jyrki Kesti ◽  
Jarek Kurnitski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Model Calibration ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Measured Energy ◽  
Energy Piles

In this work, measured energy use of the building space heating, ventilation supply air heating, appliances and lighting is compared against simulated energy use modelled in IDA ICE. As built energy need and detailed measured input data is applied in building model calibration procedure. Calibrated building model energy performance is studied in both measured and test reference year climate conditions. Previously modelled as built plant automation and implemented control logics are compared against measured. Geothermal plant in this study consists of heat pump, solar collectors, boreholes and energy piles. Heat pump SCOP estimated by post processing according to heat pump manufacturer’s performance map is compared against measured SCOP on the monthly basis. Opinion on actual plant operation is given and energy performance improvement potential is quantified. Important parameters for successful building model calibration are presented. Building compliance with Finland NZEB requirements are assessed. The results show good match with measured energy use after the model calibration.

scholarly journals Are LEED-Certified Buildings Energy-Efficient in Practice?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Amiri ◽  
Juudit Ottelin ◽  
Jaana Sorvari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Search Result ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Energy Aspects

Depletion of natural resources and climate change are undoubtedly the biggest challenges that humankind faces today. Here, buildings have a crucial role since they consume the majority, i.e., 30% to 40% of the total energy resources. Green building certification is one of the solutions to limit the energy use in buildings. In addition, it is seen to indicate a consideration for sustainability aspects in construction. LEED is the most widely used certificate worldwide. However, recently some critics have raised doubts about LEED and whether it actually implies sustainability. Most of the criticism has been targeted to the energy aspects of LEED. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on the usefulness of LEED: is it really beneficial for the environment, and is it worth of the money and time invested on the certification process? In this study a critical analysis of the literature to find an answer to this question is presented. Altogether 44 peer reviewed articles dealing with the abovementioned issue were selected out of 164 search result. Based on the studied material, the different aspects of LEED from the viewpoint of energy-efficiency are discussed. From the 44 reviewed articles, ten articles state that LEED certificate indicates energy efficiency while eight papers end up with an opposite conclusion. The rest of the papers do not take any stand on this matter. The study showed that energy efficiency of LEED-certified buildings is questionable especially at lower levels, i.e., certified. Therefore, it is recommended to modify the Energy and Atmosphere category of LEED in order to improve the actual energy performance of buildings.

Energy performance of buildings in Poland on the basis of different climatic data

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Grudzińska ◽  
Ewa Jakusik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Mean

Typical Meteorological Years (TMY) were prepared in Poland due to the introduction of obligatory energy certification for buildings. They are based on source data collected by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management from 1971 to 2000. Predictions indicate that until the end of the 21st century, the air temperature will increase. Therefore, the characteristics obtained with the use of TMY may differ from the energy demand of buildings used nowadays. This article compares energy demand calculated with the use of TMY and subsequent climatic data from 2001 to 2012, for three different locations in Poland. The analyses were performed with the use of the dynamic simulation computer program, for typical living quarters in a multifamily residential building with different construction and window orientation. Results obtained with the use of TMY and subsequent climatic data show that the typical years can be used for the evaluation of heating demand. However, cooling demand calculated with the use of TMY was significantly lower in comparison with the mean cooling demand for the years 2001–2012. This may distort the energy needs and indoor environment conditions in summer, and cause discomfort or unnecessary energy use in presently occupied dwellings.

Primary Energy Factors and the primary energy intensity of delivered energy: An overview of possible calculation conventions

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Hitchin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Energy Performance Of Buildings ◽  
Energy Factors ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Statistical Metrics

The related concepts of Primary Energy and Primary Energy Factors (which describe how much Primary energy is contained in each unit of delivered energy) are used for international comparisons of national energy use and have become increasingly important regulatory and statistical metrics, especially in relation to the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. As concepts they contain a mixture of technical, political and economic dimensions, so it is perhaps unsurprising that reported values from different organisations and countries do not seem to be calculated in the same way. This review aims to clarify the origins of such differences by identifying, summarising and commenting on alternative conventions that are or can be applied. In particular, it aims to provide a starting point for the development of a transparent means of reporting the procedures and conventions that are employed. Such a framework would provide a basis for understanding the reasons for differences. The review does not recommend specific conventions or procedures – preferences will vary, depending on a number of factors. Practical application: Primary Energy Factors are central to international comparisons of national energy consumption and to several aspects of European energy policy. In the context of buildings, they are especially important to the newly revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive which requires primary energy to be the primary metric, rather than, for example, carbon emissions. It is known that different countries use different methodologies and that this can have substantial repercussions. The methodologies used are rarely reported and range of possible options has not previously been set out. This paper sets out to do this in order so that choices can be made with greater transparency and clarity.

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