On the Mechanism of Development of Autoimmune Diseases Following Exposure to Inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis

factors, and inadequate hygiene practices contribute to high incidence of tuberculosis in the world. Effective disease prevention shall be based on scientific substantiation of causality and the mechanisms of its development. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the etiopathogenesis of autoimmune disorders associated with the exposure of warm-blooded animals to heat killed M. tuberculosis. Materials and methods: We determined hematological parameters of old Wistar rats using standard methods and estimated the activity of lactate and succinate dehydrogenases (LDH, SDH) in lymphocytes (mitochondria) using a cytobiochemical method. The clinical and laboratory results were confirmed by X-ray tests. Results: Inflammation induced by administration of heat inactivated M. tuberculosis (complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)) reached the maximum during the third week: the number of white blood cells increased from (9.8 to 11.3) × 109/L compared to the control animals, normalizing by the seventh week. By the end of the first week, there was a pronounced immune response manifested by the increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which later exceeded the threshold limit by 87–100 %. The autoimmune disease progression was accompanied by impaired cellular respiration (glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation) by 40 % and 77 %, respectively (p < 0.01). X-ray revealed disorders in the articular apparatus of the exposed animals including signs of rheumatoid arthritis and bone resorption. Conclusion: The mechanism of immunotoxicity of M. tuberculosis is associated with impaired energy supply of immune cells and changes in their morpho-functional properties. Based on our findings, we recommend inclusion of drugs with immunomodulatory, antihypoxic and osteoprotective mechanisms in treatment and prevention regimens for tuberculosis and associated diseases to enhance therapeutic efficacy.

Clima-Organizacional Estudiantil en Contexto de Diversidad Cultural, Aplicando un Modelo de Correlación en el Norte de Sinaloa

El Clima organizacional (Co) es importante para estimular, impulsar y mejorar la productividad del Recurso humano (Rh) que genera, crea, promueve, gestiona y mantiene constante innovación para el desarrollo grupal e individual. Se analizaron condiciones de Co en estudiantes de tres unidades académicas de una Universidad intercultural en Sinaloa para detectar, fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas. Se aplicaron 1,176 encuestas (escala Likert-siete niveles), con 70 preguntas, siendo validada por alfa de Cronbach (0.86). El muestreo fue por Método Aleatorio Estratificado, Afijación Proporcional con nivel de confianza (97%) y error (2.8%) para N=5,375. Se estratificó por unidad y carrera, en el caso de Los Mochis, se tuvo una muestra de (n=703); Mochicahui, (n=361) y Choix, (n=112). Las variables medidas fueron: Servicio a estudiantes (Se), Respeto a la Diversidad Cultural (Rdc), Cohesión (Cn), Gestión (Gn), Área Física (Af) y Equidad (Eq). Se aplicó el Coeficiente de Correlación (Pearson) con regresión bivariada y multivariada. Se fue estadísticamente significativa con Co (r=0.787 P<0.01); Co con Rdc (r=0.761 P<0.01); Co con Cn (r=0.832 P<0.01); Co con Gn (r=0.834 P<0.01); Co con Af (r=0.796 P<0.01) y Co con Eq (r=0.820 P<0.01). La R2 fue de 91.8%. De acuerdo al predictor de las seis variables analizadas las más significativas en orden de importancia fueron: Af, Se, Gn, Eq, Rdc y Cn, para la toma de decisiones. Las fortalezas son que la Universidad es incluyente; sus debilidades son: existe una organización y gobierno “vertical”, fragmentando la unidad; amenazas, desunión y falta de comunicación; oportunidades, sus programas están certificados y con calidad educativa. Organizational climate (Co) is important to stimulate, boost and improve the productivity of the Human Resource (Rh) that generates, promotes, manages, creates and maintains constant innovation for group and individual development. Objective. Co conditions were analyzed in students of three academic units of an intercultural University in Sinaloa, to detect, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Method. 1,176 surveys were applied (Likert scale-seven levels), with 70 questions, being validated by Cronbach's alpha (0.86). Sampling was by Stratified Random Method, Proportional Locking, with confidence level (97%) and error (2.8%) for N= 5,375. It was stratified by unit and career, in the case of Los Mochis, there was a sample of (n= 703); Mochicahui, (n = 361) and Choix, (n = 112). The variables measured were: Student service (Se), Respect for Cultural Diversity (Rdc), Cohesion (Cn), Management (Gn), Physical Area (Af) and Equity (Eq) Results The Correlation Coefficient (Pearson) was applied, with bivariate and multivariate regression. It was statistically significant with Co (r = 0.787 P <0.01); Co with Rdc (r = 0.761 P <0.01); Co with Cn (r = 0.832 P <0.01); Co with Gn (r = 0.834 P <0.01); Co with Af (r = 0.796 P <0.01) and Co with Eq (r = 0.820 P <0.01). R2 was 91.8%. According to the predictor of the six variables analyzed the most significant in order of importance were: Af, Se, Gn, Eq, Rdc and Cn, for decision-making. The strengths are that the University is inclusive; its weaknesses are: there is a “vertical” organization and government, fragmenting the unit; threats, disunity and lack of communication; opportunities, its programs are certified and with educational quality.

WEBCONFERÊNCIAS COMO ESTRATÉGIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPETÊNCIAS = WEBCONFERENCES AS STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING SKILLS

As bibliotecas como centros de informações contribuem para dar suporte à pesquisa, ao ensino e à extensão promovendo ações extensionistas com o objetivo de apoiar o processo de ensino aprendizagem na formação acadêmica. O projeto de extensão Lugar da Informação, do Conhecimento e da Aprendizagem (LICA) desenvolvido no âmbito da Biblioteca Setorial Francisco Tancredo Torres proporciona ações que reforçam o letramento informacional para investigação científica, ampliando a aptidão crítica em informação e conhecimento incentivando a habilidade crítica e o empoderamento na escrita acadêmica. As ações do projeto LICA aqui apresentadas estão centradas na primeira etapa do projeto a série de webconferências, workshops, webinários denominada #ColetivoDeSaberes. As ações foram realizadas por meio da plataforma da Rede Nacional de Pesquisa (RNP), canal do YouTube da Biblioteca Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA). O público-alvo das atividades foi discente de graduação e pós-graduação, mas, com a realização destas ações percebeu-se uma abrangência muito maior do que o esperado com profissionais de diversas áreas. Destaca-se ainda que as ações extensionistas estão alinhadas com o Objetivo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável da Agenda 2030 que busca garantir uma educação de qualidade, sem qualquer tipo de discriminação e inseridos todas e todos nas atividades do projeto.ABSTRACTLibraries as information centers contribute to support research, teaching and extension by promoting extension actions with the aim of supporting the teaching-learning process in academic training. The extension project Place of Information, Knowledge and Learning (LICA) developed within the scope of the Francisco Tancredo Torres Sectorial Library provides actions that reinforce information literacy for scientific research, expanding critical aptitude in information and knowledge, encouraging critical ability and empowerment in academic writing. The actions of the LICA project presented here are centered on the first stage of the project, the series of web conferences workshops, webinars called #ColetivoDeSaberes. The actions were carried out through the platform of the National Research Network (RNP), YouTube channel of the Centro de Ciências Agrárias (CCA) Library. The target audience of the activities was undergraduate and graduate students, but with the realization of these actions, a much greater scope than expected with professionals from different areas was perceived. It is also noteworthy that the extension actions are aligned with the Sustainable Development Objective of Agenda 2030, which seeks to guarantee quality education, without any type of discrimination and inserted all and everyone in the project activities.

BoneJ2 - refactoring established research software

Research software is often developed with expedience as a core development objective because experimental results, but not the software, are specified and resourced as a project output. While such code can help find answers to specific research questions, it may lack longevity and flexibility to make it reusable. We reimplemented BoneJ, our software for skeletal biology image analysis, to address design limitations that put it at risk of becoming unusable. We improved the quality of BoneJ code by following contemporary best programming practices. These include separation of concerns, dependency management, thorough testing, continuous integration and deployment, source code management, code reviews, issue and task ticketing, and user and developer documentation. The resulting BoneJ2 represents a generational shift in development technology and integrates with the ImageJ2 plugin ecosystem.

BoneJ2 - refactoring established research software

Research software is often developed with expedience as a core development objective because experimental results, but not the software, are specified and resourced as a project output. While such code can help find answers to specific research questions, it may lack longevity and flexibility to make it reusable. We reimplemented BoneJ, our software for skeletal biology image analysis, to address design limitations that put it at risk of becoming unusable. We improved the quality of BoneJ code by following contemporary best programming practices. These include separation of concerns, dependency management, thorough testing, continuous integration and deployment, source code management, code reviews, issue and task ticketing, and user and developer documentation. The resulting BoneJ2 represents a generational shift in development technology and integrates with the ImageJ2 plugin ecosystem.

Robustness Study of Electro-Nuclear Scenario under Disruption

As the future of nuclear power is uncertain, only choosing one development objective for the coming decades can be risky; while trying to achieve several possible objectives at the same time may lead to a deadlock due to contradiction among them. In this work, we study a simple scenario to illustrate the newly developed method of robustness study, which considers possible change of objectives. Starting from the current French fleet, two objectives are considered regarding the possible political choices for the future of nuclear power: A. Complete substitution of Pressurized Water Reactors by Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors in 2180; B. Minimization of all potential nuclear wastes without SFR deployment in 2180. To study the robustness of strategies, the disruption of objective is considered: the objective to be pursued is possibly changed abruptly from A into B at unknown time. To minimize the consequence of such uncertainty, the first option is to identify a robust static strategy, which shows the best performance for both objectives A and B in the predisruption situation. The second option is to adapt a trajectory which pursues initially objective A, for objective B in case of the disruption. To identify and to analyze the adaptively robust strategies, outcomes of possible adaptations upon a given trajectory are compared with the robust static optimum. The temporality of adaptive robustness is analyzed by investigating different adaptation times.

RELATIONSHIP OF LAW AND ECONOMY IN THE TRANSITION PERIOD

The article examines the relationship between civil legislation and the laws of economic development, objective laws of social development and their subjective regulation, an analysis of literary sources, the history of the development of the state and ideas about the economics of law of modern authors, made it possible to conclude that the development of civil law is influenced not only by the objectivity of laws but also subjective factors, including tradition.

A Fuzzy Multiplicative Performance Indicator to Measure Circular Economy Efficiency

In a world where the linear economy has already proven its limits. Sustainable development through circular economy becomes a necessity more than a choice. To verify the adequacy between a sustainable development objective and the related management of operations, a variety of performance indicators exist in the literature and an overall is required to ease comparisons. Here we use an extended fuzzy weighted product to avoid overvaluation of an indicator over the others. To handle qualitative aspects, fuzzy logic is used to shorten the gap between humans’ perception and machine language. These qualitative features require various evaluators to reduce bias. Thus, a coherence measure is adapted.

Perfil sensorial de crianças com distúrbio de aprendizagem sob a ótica materna / Sensorial profile of children with learning disorder under matern optics

Introdução: Os processos de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem ocorrem por meio das experiências vividas e da integração de funções do sistema nervoso. Isso torna possível a correta adaptação da criança aos seus contextos de vida e permitem uma adequada compreensão de mundo. Episódios de alterações, distúrbios de aprendizagem ou de processamentos sensoriais poderão trazer atrasos ou interrupções no desenvolvimento da criança. Objetivos: Esta pesquisa tem como bjetivo descrever, a partir da ótica materna, o perfil sensorial de crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade diagnosticadas com distúrbio de aprendizagem. Métodos: Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, de campo, com 13 mães de crianças nas referidas idades, de ambos os sexos, com distúrbio de aprendizagem. Utilizou-se o questionário Perfil Sensorial de Dunn para a coleta de dados das respostas comportamentais relacionadas ao processamento auditivo, visual, tátil, oral, vestibular e multissensorial, assim como modulação e respostas emocionais. Resultados: Referem-se aos itens que tiveram maior porcentagem de respostas usuais e não usuais. O número total de respostas sensoriais não usuais sobressaiu ao número de respostas usuais. Todas as crianças do estudo apresentaram resultados não usuais em, no mínimo, cinco itens. Conclusões: Todas as crianças deste estudo apresentaram alterações sensoriais conjuntamente ao diagnóstico de distúrbio de aprendizagem. Assim, existe probabilidade de relações diagnósticas.Descritores: Percepção; Sensação; Deficiências da aprendizagem; Terapia Ocupacional. Abstract: Introduction: The processes of development and learning occur through lived experiences and the integration of functions of the nervous system. This process makes it possible for the child to properly adapt to their life contexts and allow an adequate understanding of the world. Episodes of alterations, learning disorders or sensory processing may cause delays or interruptions in the child's development. Objective: This research aims to describe, from the maternal perspective, the Dunn’ Sensory Profile of children from 7 to 10 years old diagnosed with learning disabilities. Methods: It was conducted an exploratory field research, with 13 mothers of children in theses ages, of both sexes, with a diagnosis of learning disorder. The Sensory Profile questionnaire was used to collect data on behavioral responses related to auditory, visual, tactile, oral, vestibular and multisensory processing, as well as modulation and emotional responses. Results: The results refer to the items that had the highest percentage of usual results and the items that had the highest percentage of unusual results. The total number of unusual sensory responses stood out from the number of responses within the usual range. All children in the study showed unusual results in at least five items. Conclusion: Finally, all children in this study presented sensory changes together with the diagnosis of learning disorder. Thus, there is a likelihood of diagnostic relationships.Keywords: Perception; Sensation; Learning disabilities; Occupational therapy.Resumen: Introducción: Los procesos de desarrollo y aprendizaje ocurren a través de experiencias vividas y la integración de funciones del sistema nervioso. Esto hace posible que el niño se adapte adecuadamente a los contextos de su vida y permita una comprensión adecuada del mundo. Los episodios de alteraciones, trastornos del aprendizaje o procesamiento sensorial pueden causar retrasos o interrupciones en el desarrollo del niño. Objetivos: Esta investigación tiene como objetivo describir, desde la perspectiva materna, el Dunn Perfil Sensorial de niños de 7 a 10 años, diagnosticados con problemas de aprendizaje. Metodos: Se realizó una investigación exploratoria de campo, con 13 madres de la edades antes mencionadas, de ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de trastorno del aprendizaje. El cuestionario de perfil sensorial se utilizó para recopilar datos sobre las respuestas de comportamiento relacionadas con el procesamiento auditivo, visual, táctil, oral, vestibular y multissensorial, así como modulación y respuestas emocionales. Resultados: Los resultados se refieren a los ítems que tuvieron el mayor porcentaje de resultados usuales y los ítems que tuvieron el mayor porcentaje de resultados inusuales. El número total de respuestas sensoriales inusuales se destacó del número de respuestas dentro del rango habitual. Todos los niños en el estudio mostraron resultados inusuales en al menos cinco ítems. Conclusión: Finalmente, todos los niños en este estudio presentaron cambios sensoriales junto con el diagnóstico de trastorno del aprendizaje. Por lo tanto, hay una probabilidad de relaciones de diagnóstico.Palabras clave: Percepción; Sensación; Discapacidades para el aprendizaje; Terapia ocupacional.

“THE HYGIENIC AND THE DIRTY” (HEALTH COMMUNICATION FILM ABOUT HEALTHY LIFESTYLE FOR ASMAT TRIBE)

Healthy lifestyle is one of the human development objective in Asmat regency in Papua. The researcher conducted ethnography for three months in Agats, the city of Asmat to study the cultural practice through Asmat Tribe daily communication. This study aims to obtain a description of a clean and healthy lifestyle, know the obstacles that occur in the process of delivering health communication and develop films that can provide awareness to implement a clean and healthy lifestyle in the Asmat Tribe. This study uses a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. The results showed that community awareness was still low, obstacles to the delivery of health communication occur because of education, geography, and culture. Then the results of experience and ethnographic products are developed in a short film about a healthy lifestyle. The film titled "Si Bersih and Si Jorok" prioritizes the context of local culture and daily practices typical of the Asmat tribe as reflected in the accent, setting, characterization, music, and story line.