Faculty Opinions recommendation of No evidence for an association between common nonsynonymous polymorphisms in delta and bristle number variation in natural and laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster.

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mitchell-Olds
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Number Variation

scholarly journals No Evidence for an Association Between Common Nonsynonymous Polymorphisms inDeltaand Bristle Number Variation in Natural and Laboratory Populations ofDrosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Genissel ◽  
Tomi Pastinen ◽  
Andrea Dowell ◽  
Trudy F. C. Mackay ◽  
Anthony D. Long
Keyword(s):  
Bristle Number ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Number Variation

scholarly journals Linkage disequilibrium mapping of molecular polymorphisms at the scabrous locus associated with naturally occurring variation in bristle number in Drosophila melanogaster

1999 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD F. LYMAN ◽  
CHAOQIANG LAI ◽  
TRUDY F. C. MACKAY
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping ◽  
The Third ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Single Stranded Conformational Polymorphism ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Female Specific

We evaluated the hypothesis that the Drosophila melanogaster second chromosome gene scabrous (sca), a candidate sensory bristle number quantitative trait locus (QTL), contributes to naturally occurring variation in bristle number. Variation in abdominal and sternopleural bristle number was quantified for wild-derived sca alleles in seven genetic backgrounds: as homozygous second chromosomes (C2) in an isogenic background, homozygous lines in which approximately 20 cM including the sca locus had been introgressed into the isogenic background (sca BC), as C2 and sca BC heterozygotes and hemizygotes against a P element insertional sca allele and a P-induced sca deficiency in the same isogenic background, and as sca BC heterozygotes against the wild-type sca allele of isogenic strain. Molecular restriction map variation was determined for a 45 kb region including the sca locus, and single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) was examined for the third intron and parts of the third and fourth exons. Associations between each of the 27 molecular polymorphisms and bristle number were evaluated within each genotype and on the first principal component score determined from all seven genotypes, separately for each sex and bristle trait. Permutation tests were used to assess the empirical significance thresholds, accounting for multiple, correlated tests, and correlated markers. Three sites in regulatory regions were associated with female-specific variation in abdominal bristle number, one of which was an SSCP site in the region of the gene associated with regulation of sca in embryonic abdominal segments.

scholarly journals Genetic differences between populations of Drosophila melanogaster for a quantitative trait: II. Wild and laboratory populations

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. López-Fanjul ◽  
W. G. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Made In

SUMMARYCrosses were made between four populations of Drosophila melanogaster – three of which were laboratory populations (Kaduna, Pacific and Canberra) and one recently captured (Stellenbosch) – and a line previously selected for low sternopleural bristle number for many generations from a Kaduna/Pacific source. In each of six replicate lines from each cross selection was practised for low sternopleural bristle number, and subsequently these replicates were intercrossed and reselected.Initially, similar responses were made in each set of lines, but subsequently more variation between replicates was found in Stellenbosch, which was the primary source of lines which responded to a level below that of the original selected line.It is concluded that this newly captured population contains genetic variability absent from the laboratory populations. Presumably variability has been lost from the latter populations, leaving essentially the same genes segregating in each.

scholarly journals Genetic differences between populations of Drosophila melanogaster for a quantitative trait: I. Laboratory populations

1973 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. López-Fanjul ◽  
W. G. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Total Response ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Two Populations

SUMMARYAn experiment was carried out to test whether two laboratory cage populations of Drosophila melanogaster from different origins (Kaduna and Pacific) differed in the genes for sternopleural bristle number. The means, variances and heritabilities of the two populations and the synthetic formed from crosses between them were very similar.Selection for low bristle number was practised in small replicate lines, six of each pure population and nine of the synthetic. On average, Pacific responded to selection rather more rapidly than either Kaduna or the synthetic, but there was little difference in the limit achieved.Crosses between replicates within populations were made and selection continued, and these lines subsequently crossed between populations and reselected. Additional response was obtained by this procedure but the crosses between the replicates of the pure and synthetic populations attained similar selection limits.An analysis of effects of individual chromosomes from the selected lines on bristle number indicated that the contribution of each chromosome to total response was about the same in Pacific, Kaduna and the synthetic.It is concluded that differences in gene frequency, rather than the presence or absence of particular alleles, are mainly responsible for the differences observed between the populations.

scholarly journals Hybrid dysgenesis-induced quantitative variation on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-636
Author(s):  
C Q Lai ◽  
T F Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Quantitative Variation ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Seven Generations ◽  
Polygenic Variation

Abstract To determine the ability of the P-M hybrid dysgenesis system of Drosophila melanogaster to generate mutations affecting quantitative traits, X chromosome lines were constructed in which replicates of isogenic M and P strain X chromosomes were exposed to a dysgenic cross, a nondysgenic cross, or a control cross, and recovered in common autosomal backgrounds. Mutational heritabilities of abdominal and sternopleural bristle score were in general exceptionally high-of the same magnitude as heritabilities of these traits in natural populations. P strain chromosomes were eight times more mutable than M strain chromosomes, and dysgenic crosses three times more effective than nondysgenic crosses in inducing polygenic variation. However, mutational heritabilities of the bristle traits were appreciable for P strain chromosomes passed through one nondysgenic cross, and for M strain chromosomes backcrossed for seven generations to inbred P strain females, a result consistent with previous observations on mutations affecting quantitative traits arising from nondysgenic crosses. The new variation resulting from one generation of mutagenesis was caused by a few lines with large effects on bristle score, and all mutations reduced bristle number.

scholarly journals Phenotypic plasticity of sternopleural bristle number in temperate and tropical populations of Drosophila melanogaster

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIGITTE MORETEAU ◽  
PATRICIA GIBERT ◽  
JEAN-MARIE DELPUECH ◽  
GEORGES PETAVY ◽  
JEAN R. DAVID
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Bristle Number

scholarly journals Evolution of reduced pre-adult viability and larval growth rate in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for shorter development time

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. PRASAD ◽  
MALLIKARJUN SHAKARAD ◽  
VISHAL M. GOHIL ◽  
V. SHEEBA ◽  
M. RAJAMANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Larval Growth Rate ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Faster Development

Four large (n > 1000) populations of Drosophila melanogaster, derived from control populations maintained on a 3 week discrete generation cycle, were subjected to selection for fast development and early reproduction. Egg to eclosion survivorship and development time and dry weight at eclosion were monitored every 10 generations. Over 70 generations of selection, development time in the selected populations decreased by approximately 36 h relative to controls, a 20% decline. The difference in male and female development time was also reduced in the selected populations. Flies from the selected populations were increasingly lighter at eclosion than controls, with the reduction in dry weight at eclosion over 70 generations of selection being approximately 45% in males and 39% in females. Larval growth rate (dry weight at eclosion/development time) was also reduced in the selected lines over 70 generations, relative to controls, by approximately 32% in males and 24% in females. However, part of this relative reduction was due to an increase in growth rate of the controls populations, presumably an expression of adaptation to conditions in our laboratory. After 50 generations of selection had elapsed, a considerable and increasing pre- adult viability cost to faster development became apparent, with viability in the selected populations being about 22% less than that of controls at generation 70 of selection.

scholarly journals Temporal uniformity of the spontaneous mutational variance of quantitative traits in Drosophila melanogaster

2000 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
AURORA GARCÍA-DORADO ◽  
JESUS FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
CARLOS LÓPEZ-FANJUL
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype Environment Interaction ◽  
Bristle Number ◽  
Sib Mating ◽  
Mutational Variance ◽  
Interaction Variance

Spontaneous mutations were allowed to accumulate over 209 generations in more than 100 lines, all of them independently derived from a completely homozygous population of Drosophila melanogaster and subsequently maintained under strong inbreeding (equivalent to full-sib mating). Traits scored were: abdominal (AB) and sternopleural (ST) bristle number, wing length (WL) and egg-to-adult viability (V). On two occasions – early (generations 93–122) and late (generations 169–209) – ANOVA estimates of the mutational variance and the mutational line × generation interaction variance were obtained. Mutational heritabilities of morphological traits ranged from 2 × 10−4 to 2 × 10−3 and the mutational coefficient of variation of viability was 0·01. For AB, WL and V, temporal uniformity of the mutational variance was observed. However, a fluctuation of the mutational heritability of ST was detected and could be ascribed to random genotype × environment interaction.

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