Faculty Opinions recommendation of High urinary calcium excretion and genetic susceptibility to hypertension and kidney stone disease.

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease

scholarly journals High Urinary Calcium Excretion and Genetic Susceptibility to Hypertension and Kidney Stone Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2567-2575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Mente ◽  
R. John D’ A. Honey ◽  
John M. McLaughlin ◽  
Shelley B. Bull ◽  
Alexander G. Logan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease

scholarly journals Genetic variants of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in kidney stone disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Howles ◽  
Akira Wiberg ◽  
Michelle Goldsworthy ◽  
Asha L. Bayliss ◽  
Anna K. Gluck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease

AbstractKidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis) is a major clinical and economic health burden with a heritability of ~45–60%. We present genome-wide association studies in British and Japanese populations and a trans-ethnic meta-analysis that include 12,123 cases and 417,378 controls, and identify 20 nephrolithiasis-associated loci, seven of which are previously unreported. A CYP24A1 locus is predicted to affect vitamin D metabolism and five loci, DGKD, DGKH, WDR72, GPIC1, and BCR, are predicted to influence calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) signaling. In a validation cohort of only nephrolithiasis patients, the CYP24A1-associated locus correlates with serum calcium concentration and a number of nephrolithiasis episodes while the DGKD-associated locus correlates with urinary calcium excretion. In vitro, DGKD knockdown impairs CaSR-signal transduction, an effect rectified with the calcimimetic cinacalcet. Our findings indicate that studies of genotype-guided precision-medicine approaches, including withholding vitamin D supplementation and targeting vitamin D activation or CaSR-signaling pathways in patients with recurrent kidney stones, are warranted.

scholarly journals CALCIUM

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 698-701
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ISHAQ ◽  
ISRAR AHMED AKHUND ◽  
MOULA BUX LAGHARI ◽  
Muhammad Sabir
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Urinary Tract Stone

Aims & Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Serum Calcium and Urinary Calcium excretion on upper urinary tract stone diseases in the Peshawar (a high stone incidence belt). Subjects & Methods: One hundred patients (age 20-60years) who were suffering severely from upper urinary tract stone disease were selected from LRH and Hayatabad Medical Complex Hospitals of Peshawar, same numbers of healthy controls from the same region were also selected for the study. Results: When results were summed up and testParameters were compared, it was seen that mean Serum Calcium in stone formers was greater than that of non-stone formers (P<0.001). Same pattern was also observed (P< 0.001) in both groups regarding mean urinary calcium excretion. Conclusions: We concluded that calcium is a definitive risk factor in upper urinary tract stone disease. However we suggest further work and research on wide scale population inorder to evaluate this relation. 

scholarly journals Effect of Vitamin D Repletion on Urinary Calcium Excretion among Kidney Stone Formers

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 829-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Leaf ◽  
Ruslan Korets ◽  
Eric N. Taylor ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
John R. Asplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Stone Formers

scholarly journals Genetic variants of calcium and vitamin D metabolism in kidney stone disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Howles ◽  
Akira Wiberg ◽  
Michelle Goldsworthy ◽  
Asha L. Bayliss ◽  
Emily Grout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease

Kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis) is a major clinical and economic health burden1,2 with a heritability of ~45-60%3. To identify genetic variants associated with nephrolithiasis we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analysis in British and Japanese populations, including 12,123 nephrolithiasis cases and 416,928 controls. Twenty loci associated with nephrolithiasis were identified, ten of which are novel. A novel CYP24A1 locus is predicted to affect vitamin D metabolism and five loci, DGKD, DGKH, WDR72, GPIC1, and BCR, are predicted to influence calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) signaling. In a validation cohort of nephrolithiasis patients the CYP24A1-associated locus correlated with serum calcium concentration and number of kidney stone episodes, and the DGKD-associated locus correlated with urinary calcium excretion. Moreover, DGKD knockdown impaired CaSR-signal transduction in vitro, an effect that was rectifiable with the calcimimetic cinacalcet. Our findings indicate that genotyping may inform risk of incident kidney stone disease prior to vitamin D supplementation and facilitate precision-medicine approaches, by targeting CaSR-signaling or vitamin D activation pathways in patients with recurrent kidney stones.

scholarly journals Calcium and Vitamin D Supplementation and Their Association with Kidney Stone Disease: A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4363
Author(s):  
Matteo Bargagli ◽  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Matteo Vittori ◽  
Gianmarco Lombardi ◽  
Giovanni Gambaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Low Calcium Diet ◽  
Stone Formers

Kidney stone disease is a multifactorial condition influenced by both genetic predisposition and environmental factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits. Although different monogenic polymorphisms have been proposed as playing a causal role for calcium nephrolithiasis, the prevalence of these mutations in the general population and their complete pathogenetic pathway is yet to be determined. General dietary advice for kidney stone formers includes elevated fluid intake, dietary restriction of sodium and animal proteins, avoidance of a low calcium diet, maintenance of a normal body mass index, and elevated intake of vegetables and fibers. Thus, balanced calcium consumption protects against the risk for kidney stones by reducing intestinal oxalate availability and its urinary excretion. However, calcium supplementation given between meals might increase urinary calcium excretion without the beneficial effect on oxalate. In kidney stone formers, circulating active vitamin D has been found to be increased, whereas higher plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol seems to be present only in hypercalciuric patients. The association between nutritional vitamin D supplements and the risk for stone formation is currently not completely understood. However, taken together, available evidence might suggest that vitamin D administration worsens the risk for stone formation in patients predisposed to hypercalciuria. In this review, we analyzed and discussed available literature on the effect of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on the risk for kidney stone formation.

MO113CALCULATED URINARY CALCIUM-OXALATE SATURATION (ßCAOX) IS NOT SPECIFICALLY ELEVATED IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPEROXALURIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Hoppe ◽  
Wolfgang Böhm ◽  
Cristina Martin Higueras
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Primary Hyperoxaluria ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium Excretion ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Enzyme Defects ◽  
Urinary Oxalate Excretion

Abstract Background and Aims In the primary hyperoxalurias (PH; types 1-3) recurrent urolithiasis (UL) and/or progressive nephrocalcinosis (NC) are the clinical hallmarks. Three different enzyme defects lead to endogenous oxalate overproduction and to extremely elevated urinary oxalate excretion (UOx). Thus, it seems logical that urine is supersaturated for calcium-oxalate (CaOx). It was, hence, speculated that urinary CaOx saturation (ßCaOx), calculated by computed programs, is significantly higher as compared to that of patients with idiopathic CaOx stones. We now aimed to evaluate and calculate urinary ßCaOx in PH patients according to type, as well as in non-PH patients with UL or NC. Method The computed equilibrium program EQUIL2 was used for the calculation of ßCaOx. For this, 24 h urine specimen of 70 patients with non-PH NC (46 male, 24 female, median age 6.06 (range 0.3-31.4 years)), of 149 idiopathic CaOx UL (90/59 m/f, age 8.5 (0.1-68.6)), of 51 PH 1 patients (31/21, age 12.33 (0.8-63.8)), of 5 PH 2 patients (3/2, age 5.41 (4.3-12.9)) and of 14 PH 3 patients (8/6, age 8.5 (2.9-29.3)) were analyzed for all necessary components. All patients were in stable kidney function (eGFR &gt; 45 ml/min). Results Uox was higher in the PH patients as compared to the non-PH UL or NC patients (p &lt; 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between the Uox in PH 1 vs PH 2 or PH 3 patients, although, a clear effect of B6 medication was visible in PH1 patients. Urinary calcium excretion was lower (not significant) in PH patients as compared to NC/UL. There was no difference in ßCaOx when PH were compared to non-PH patients and it mostly remained in the normal range. Conclusion Urine ßCaOx is similar in PH and non-PH stone formers. Therefore, calculation of ßCaOx using computed programs is not a reliable parameter to define the definitively extreme CaOx supersaturation of urine from PH patients. This miscalculation is related to a rather lowish urinary calcium excretion in PH as compared to other UL/NC patients. Therefore, we recommend not to use such programs to express the risk of recurrent stone disease or nephrocalcinosis in PH.

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