Faculty Opinions recommendation of Mechanisms linking childhood adversity with psychopathology: Learning as an intervention target.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Joormann ◽  
Reuma Gadassi Polack
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Adversity

Linking typologies of childhood adversity to adult incarceration: Findings from a nationally representative sample.

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie E. Roos ◽  
Tracie O. Afifi ◽  
Christina Gamache Martin ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak ◽  
Jack Tsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Nationally Representative

Childhood adversity studies as an antidote to the predominance of neo-liberal thinking in the field of mental health

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-563
Author(s):  
Adam Burley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Early Adversity ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Individual

This is a personal and reflective piece written from a clinician's point of view on the influence that the developing awareness around the consequences of childhood adversity has had upon the discussions, thinking and practice across the areas in which they are working. It seeks to argue that the increased understanding and recognition of the potential impact of early adversity can not only enhance and deepen the understanding of an individual's difficulties, but can serve to inform how services respond in a way that takes account of this. It suggests that the research and literature on childhood adversity can offer a route map away from a model of mental health that focuses predominantly on the individual as the sole source of interest.

scholarly journals Military and demographic predictors of mental ill-health and socioeconomic hardship among UK veterans

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Burdett ◽  
N. T. Fear ◽  
S. Wessely ◽  
R. J. Rona
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Socioeconomic Outcomes ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Around 8% of the UK Armed Forces leave in any given year, and must navigate unfamiliar civilian systems to acquire employment, healthcare, and other necessities. This paper determines longer-term prevalences of mental ill health and socioeconomic outcomes in UK Service leavers, and how they are related to demographic factors, military history, and pre-enlistment adversity. Methods This study utilised data from a longitudinal sample of a cohort study UK Armed Forces personnel since 2003. A range of self-reported military and sociodemographic factors were analysed as predictors of probable Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, common mental disorders, alcohol misuse, unemployment and financial hardship. Prevalences and odds ratios of associations between predictors and outcomes were estimated for regular veterans in this cohort. Results Veteran hardship was mostly associated with factors linked to socio-economic status: age, education, and childhood adversity. Few military-specific factors predicted mental health or socio-economic hardship, except method of leaving (where those leaving due to medical or unplanned discharge were more likely to encounter most forms of hardship as veterans), and rank which is itself related to socioeconomic status. Conclusion Transition and resettlement provisions become increasingly generous with longer service, yet this paper shows the need for those services becomes progressively less necessary as personnel acquire seniority and skills, and instead could be best targeted at unplanned leavers, taking socioeconomic status into consideration. Many will agree that longer service should be more rewarded, but the opposite is true if provision instead reflects need rather than length of service. This is a social, political and ethical dilemma.

scholarly journals The mental health of ex-prisoners: analysis of the 2014 English National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Bebbington ◽  
Sally McManus ◽  
Jeremy W. Coid ◽  
Richard Garside ◽  
Terry Brugha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Purpose Prisoners experience extremely high rates of psychiatric disturbance. However, ex-prisoners have never previously been identified in representative population surveys to establish how far this excess persists after release. Our purpose was to provide the first community-based estimate of ex-prisoners’ mental health in England using the data from the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS). Methods APMS 2014 provides cross-sectional data from a random sample (N = 7546) of England’s household population aged 16 or above. Standardised instruments categorised psychiatric disorders and social circumstances. Participants who had been in prison were compared with the rest of the sample. Results One participant in seventy had been in prison (1.4%; 95% CI 1.1–1.7; n = 103). Ex-prisoners suffered an excess of current psychiatric problems, including common mental disorders (CMDs), psychosis, post-traumatic disorder, substance dependence, and suicide attempts. They were more likely to screen positive for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autistic traits, to have low verbal IQ, and to lack qualifications. They disclosed higher rates of childhood adversity, including physical and sexual abuse and local authority care. The odds (1.88; 95% CI 1.02–3.47) of CMDs were nearly doubled in ex-prisoners, even after adjusting for trauma and current socioeconomic adversity. Conclusions Prison experience is a marker of enduring psychiatric vulnerability, identifying an important target population for intervention and support. Moreover, the psychiatric attributes of ex-prisoners provide the context for recidivism. Without effective liaison between the criminal justice system and mental health services, the vulnerability of ex-prisoners to relapse and to reoffending will continue, with consequent personal and societal costs.

scholarly journals Narrative coherence of autobiographical memories in women with borderline personality disorder and associations with childhood adversity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Bendstrup ◽  
Erik Simonsen ◽  
Mickey T. Kongerslev ◽  
Mie S. Jørgensen ◽  
Lea S. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
Narrative Coherence ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Tentative Evidence

Abstract Background People suffering from Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) seem to have incoherent autobiographical narratives. Tentative evidence suggests that reduced narrative coherence of autobiographical memories is associated with insecure attachment. However, it remains unknown whether incoherent autobiographical narratives in people with BPD are coupled to experiences of childhood trauma, which is highly prevalent in BPD. Method We examined if written autobiographical memories in 26 female participants with BPD had reduced narrative coherence relative to 28 healthy female controls and whether more incoherent narratives were associated with childhood trauma. Results As hypothesized, results showed that compared to controls, the autobiographical memories in participants with BPD had reduced narrative coherence, specifically inadequate orientation about the narrative and lack of narrative structure. More self-reported childhood adversity was coupled to lower orientation across groups whereas increased childhood adversity showed a specific relationship to lowered narrative structure in BPD participants. Conclusion Women with BPD had incoherent autobiographical narratives, and reduced narrative coherence was associated with more self-reported childhood adversity, which appeared to explain the group differences.

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