Faculty Opinions recommendation of Astrocytes close the mouse critical period for visual plasticity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Loulier
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Visual Plasticity

scholarly journals Multiple Roles for Nogo Receptor 1 in Visual System Plasticity

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céleste-Élise Stephany ◽  
Michael G. Frantz ◽  
Aaron W. McGee
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Mouse Genetics ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
Visual Plasticity ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Abnormal Visual

During the developmental critical period for visual plasticity, discordant vision alters the responsiveness of neurons in visual cortex. The subsequent closure of the critical period not only consolidates neural function but also limits recovery of acuity from preceding abnormal visual experience. Despite species-specific differences in circuitry of the visual system, these characteristics are conserved. The nogo-66 receptor 1 ( ngr1) is one of only a small number of genes identified thus far that is essential to closing the critical period. Mice lacking a functional ngr1 gene retain developmental visual plasticity as adults and their visual acuity spontaneously improves after prolonged visual deprivation. Experiments employing conditional mouse genetics have revealed that ngr1 restricts plasticity within distinct circuits for ocular dominance and visual acuity. However, the mechanisms by which NgR1 limits plasticity have not been elucidated, in part because the subcellular localization and signal transduction of the protein are only partially understood. Here we explore potential mechanisms for NgR1 function in relation to manipulations that reactivate visual plasticity in adults and propose lines of investigation to address relevant gaps in knowledge.

Sectarian struggle in the Middle East and the new Alliances

2019 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Harith Qahtan Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Era ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
The World ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
Other World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
New Formation

Our Islamic world passes a critical period representing on factional, racial and sectarian struggle especially in the Middle East, which affects the Islamic identification union. The world passes a new era of civilization formation, and what these a new formation which affects to the Islamic civilization especially in Syria, Iraq, Yemen, and Lebanon. The sectarian struggle led to heavy sectarian alliances from Arab Gulf states and Turkey from one side and Iran states and its alliances in the other side. The Sunni and Shia struggle are weaken the World Islamic civilization and it is competitive among other world civilization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document