scholarly journals Comparative examination of the tillage systems of maize on meadow chernozem soil

2014 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Sándor Ferencsik ◽  
Tamás Rátonyi ◽  
Péter Fejér ◽  
Endre Harsányi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Experimental Database ◽  
Chernozem Soils ◽  
Maize Yields ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
The University

Maize production plays a major role in the agriculture of Hungary. Maize yields were very variable in Hungary in the last few decades. Unpredictable purchase prices, periodical overproduction, the increasing occurrence of weather extremities, the uncertain profit producing ability, the soil degradation processes (physical, chemical and biological degradation) and the high expenses are risk factors for producers. Due soil tillage, there is an opportunity to reduce these risks. Based on the experimental database of the Institute of Land Utilisation, Regional Development and Technology of the University of Debrecen, Centre for Agricultural and the KITE Plc., various cultivation systems were examined with maize (Zea mays L.) as indicator plant in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok country in 2012 and 2013. The sample area can be found in the outskirts of Kenderes on a meadow chernozem soil. On the examined plot, strip-tillage, subsoiling and moldboard ploughing were performed, each on 4.5 ha, respectively. In general, our findings show, that strip-tillage and subsoiling can be alternative tillage systems beside moldboard ploughing on meadow chernozem soils in Hungary.

scholarly journals Evaluation of striptillage and conventional tillage in maize production

2014 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Sándor Ferencsik ◽  
Tamás Rátonyi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Experimental Database ◽  
Cultivation Systems ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
The University ◽  
Gaseous Form

Tillage changes soil properties and the way how the environment affects those properties. Soil properties and environment determine the rate of water movement in liquid and gaseous form into and out of soil. Based on the experimental database of the Institute of Land Utilisation, Regional Development and Technology of the University of Debrecen, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management and the KITE PLC, various cultivation systems were examined with maize (Zea mays L.) as indicator plant in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county. The sample area can be found in the outskirts of Kenderes on a meadow chernozem soil. On the examined plot, strip-tillage, subsoiling and moldboard ploughing were performed, each on 4.5 ha, respectively. The purpose of the present study is to compare these cultivation systems according to the soil- and maize kernel moisture content and to the yield based on the years of 2012 and 2013.

scholarly journals The impacts of spring basal and side dressing on maize yield

2014 ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
Péter Ragán
Keyword(s):  
Maize Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
The University ◽  
Very High

The yield potential of maize is very high. According to Tollenaar (1983), maize yield potential is as high as 25 t ha-1 (absolute dry yield) which is the highest among all cereals. In order to fully utilise this high yield potential, proper nutrient replenishment is of chief importance among all agrotechnical factors. The aim of research was to examine the effect of nitrogen fertiliser applied as basal and side dressing on maize yield. The measurements were performed at the Látókép experiment site (47° 33’ N, 21° 26’ E, 111 m asl) of the Centre for Agricultural Sciences of the University of Debrecen on mid-heavy calcareous chernozem soil with deep humus layer in an established experiment in 2011, 2012 and 2013. The trial design was split-split-plot with two replications. Based on the experiment results, it can be established that the nutrient uptake of maize is greatly dependent on the amount of water store in the soil. From the aspect of the development of the maize plant and water supply, the most determinant factor was the distribution of precipitation over the growing season and not the amount precipitation. This is shown by the fact there was only 276 mm precipitation – which was favourably distributed – in 2012 to increase the availability of nutrients and the main average was the highest in this year (14.394 t ha-1). Spring basal dressing helped maize development in all three years even on chernozem soil which is well supplied with nutrients. Although the effect of side dressing did not result in any yield increase, it could still contribute to mitigating the stress effects caused by environmental factors. Altogether, nutrient supply adapted to the various development stages of maize can favourably affect the success of maize production.

scholarly journals Soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization under different tillage systems and Permanent Groundcover cultivation between Orange trees

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 637-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcio Liborio Balota ◽  
Pedro Antonio Martins Auler
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
C And N Mineralization ◽  
C And N ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Row Space

The objective of this work was to evaluate the alterations in carbon and nitrogen mineralization due to different soil tillage systems and groundcover species for intercropped orange trees. The experiment was established in an Ultisol soil (Typic Paleudults) originated from Caiuá sandstone in northwestern of the state of Paraná, Brazil, in an area previously cultivated with pasture (Brachiaria humidicola). Two soil tillage systems were evaluated: conventional tillage (CT) in the entire area and strip tillage (ST) with a 2-m width, each with different groundcover vegetation management systems. The citrus cultivar utilized was the 'Pera' orange (Citrus sinensis) grafted onto a 'Rangpur' lime rootstock. The soil samples were collected at a 0-15-cm depth after five years of experiment development. Samples were collected from under the tree canopy and from the inter-row space after the following treatments: (1) CT and annual cover crop with the leguminous Calopogonium mucunoides; (2) CT and perennial cover crop with the leguminous peanut Arachis pintoi; (3) CT and evergreen cover crop with Bahiagrass Paspalum notatum; (4) CT and cover crop with spontaneous B. humidicola grass vegetation; and (5) ST and maintenance of the remaining grass (pasture) of B. humidicola. The soil tillage systems and different groundcover vegetation influenced the C and N mineralization, both under the tree canopy and in the inter-row space. The cultivation of B. humidicola under strip tillage provided higher potential mineralization than the other treatments in the inter-row space. Strip tillage increased the C and N mineralization compared to conventional tillage. The grass cultivation increased the C and N mineralization when compared to the others treatments cultivated in the inter-row space.

scholarly journals Results of the sensory analysis of precision maize production

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
László Duzs ◽  
Péter Ragán ◽  
Tamás Rátonyi
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Layered Medium ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chernozem Soil ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Production Area ◽  
The University ◽  
Phenological Phases

This research was carried out in 2018, at the Látókép Experimental Station of the University of Debrecen in a moderately warm and dry production area, on deep humus layered medium-hard calcareous chernozem soil. In the scope of the research, the chlorophyll content of maize (Zea mays L.) was examined under field circumstances by means of local sensory measurements and we were looking for correlation between the obtained values and the amount of yield. Our measurements were carried out with Minolta SPAD-502 and GreenSeeker devices at 3 measurement times (4 leaf stage, 10 leaf stage and silking). It was found that phenological phases had an effect on the obtained SPAD and NDVI values and were in a slightly significant correlation with the yield. The most significant correlation was found between the results obtained during silking and the amount of yield. This may be because the least time has passed between the measurement time and harvest. Results obtained during the 10-leaf stage show excessive values in each case, which can be due to a measurement error. It was found that the phenological phase had an effect on the correlation of SPAD and NDVI values and the amount of yield. As the phenological phase progressed, the correlation between the measured results and yield has increased.

scholarly journals Tillage Effects on Cotton Performance and Soil Quality in an Irrigated Arid Cropping System

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Omololu John Idowu ◽  
Sifat Sultana ◽  
Murali Darapuneni ◽  
Leslie Beck ◽  
Robert Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Southwestern Usa ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Over Time

Reducing tillage has become necessary in irrigated, arid cropping systems in southwestern USA, to address soil degradation and erosion problems associated with intensive soil tillage. A study was conducted in arid southwestern USA, to compare a reduced tillage method (strip tillage) to two conventional tillage methods (plow tillage and raised bed tillage) for irrigated upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) production. Strip tillage (ST) was established in a single pass by a strip tillage equipment, while the plow tillage (PT) consisted of plowing, disking the soil twice, subsoiling and harrowing. The raised bed tillage (BT) consisted of all the tillage operations under PT method, with an additional tillage event to shape the beds. Crop and soil parameters were assessed during the growing seasons. Soil physical and biological measurements were assessed at the beginning of the trial before planting, and at the end of each cropping season. Results show no significant differences in cotton yield and fiber quality parameters under the tillage systems tested. Out of the soil physical measurements assessed, the cone index (CI) significantly differed with tillage systems during the mid-season assessments, with BT generally having better CI than ST and PT. Other physical measurements were not significant with tillage, but significantly declined over time irrespective of tillage treatments. Out of the soil biological measurements assessed, the total fungal biomass and the arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi biomass were significant with tillage, with ST and BT having higher measurements than PT. In contrast to soil physical measurements that declined, most of the soil biological measurements improved over time. Comparing some soil biological measurements at the beginning to the end of the trial across the tillage treatments, the total microbial biomass increased from 714 to 3565 ng/g, the total bacterial biomass increased from 321 to 1478 ng/g, and the total fungal biomass increased from 84 to 436 ng/g. This study shows that ST can perform adequately for sustainable cotton production in an irrigated arid region of United States.

scholarly journals Long term effects of different soil tillage systems on maize (Zea mays L.) yields

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ž. Videnović ◽  
M. Simić ◽  
J. Srdić ◽  
Z. Dumanović
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Maize Production

The effects of three tillage systems: no-tillage (NT), reduced tillage (RT) and conventional tillage (CT), and three levels of fertilization (0, 258 and 516 kg/ha NPK (58:18:24)), on the maize yield during ten years (1999–2008) were analyzed on the chernozem soil type in Zemun Polje, Serbia. Statistical analyses showed significant effects of all three factors i.e., year, soil tillage and amount of fertilizers, and their interactions on the maize yield. The ten-year averages showed that the highest yields were observed with CT (10.61 t/ha), while the averages with RT and NT were lower (8.99 t/ha and 6.85 t/ha, respectively). The results of the influence of the amount of the applied fertilizers on maize yield showed that the lowest yield was in the zero level of fertilization 7.71 t/ha, while the yield was raised when the 258 kg/ha and 516 kg/ha NPK were applied (9.18 t/ha and 9.56 t/ha, respectively). Analyzing the influence of the soil tillage systems on maize production with respect to the amounts of applied fertilizers, this research revealed the benefits of CT under the presented agroecological conditions, irrespective of the level of applied fertilizer.

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