scholarly journals In Vitro Growth of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) via Direct Organogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Keyword(s):  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a crop of increasing importance as a source of seed oil and proteins; nonetheless, the number of studies on sunflower tissue culture is somewhat limited. The development of a competent in vitro direct organogenesis protocol involves important basic steps of regeneration. In our study, chemically sterilized sunflower seeds were planted on induction media, and 52.54 % germination efficiency was found. While the seeds were subjected to regeneration containing 2 mg/L of cytokinin, Benzyl Adenopurine (BAP) as well as 1 mg/L of auxin, Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA); shoot growth was observed with41 % regeneration efficiency. Non-sterilized seeds germinated but showed fungal growth on the surface of media resulting in no regeneration of sunflower plantlet. On the other hand, sterile seeds germinated less with little or no fungal growth leading to successful regeneration. Frequent regeneration of sterile sunflower seeds through direct organogenesis can contribute to enhanced micro-propagation of this plant.

In vitro propagation, genetic and phytochemical assessment of Thymus persicus — a medicinally important source of pentacyclic triterpenoids

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziba Bakhtiar ◽  
Mohammad Mirjalili ◽  
Ali Sonboli ◽  
Mahdi Farimani ◽  
Mahdi Ayyari
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Pentacyclic Triterpenoids ◽  
Thymus Persicus

AbstractThymus persicus (Ronniger ex Rech. f.) Jalas is a valuable and endangered natural source of antitumor pentacyclic triterpenoids, i.e., betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, which grows in northwest Iran. As the plant has a low propagation rate in nature, a suitable method for in vitro-propagation is needed. With the aim of identifying a suitable system for regenerating T. persicus via direct organogenesis, Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators (PGRs) was tested. In vitro-grown shoot tips were exposed to the cytokinins 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (KN), and thidiazuron (TDZ), alone or in combination with the auxins 1-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The highest shoot formation (7.1 ± 0.9) was obtained with a medium fortified with 8.9 μM BAP plus 2.7 μM NAA. Regenerated shoots were easily rooted on the different tested media, with the most abundant (16.6 ± 1.4) and strongest roots obtained on half-strength MS medium containing 2.5 μM IBA. The rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized (76.6%) in a greenhouse before transference to natural conditions. Homogeneity and phytochemical productivity of the in vitro regenerated plantlets were confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively.

scholarly journals In vitro morphogenesis of Syngonanthus mucugensis Giul: subsp. mucugensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alone Lima-Brito ◽  
Sheila Vitória Resende ◽  
Carolina Oliveira de Cerqueira Lima ◽  
Bruno Matos Alvim ◽  
Claudia Elena Carneiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
In Vitro Morphogenesis ◽  
Different Types

Syngonanthus mucugensis Giul. subsp. mucugensis is an herbaceous plant with significant economic value in the ornamental dry flower business. The restricted occurrence of the municipality Mucugê-BA, Brazil, exclusively associated with extractive exploitation, has considered this species as endangered. The objective of this work was to evaluate the organogenic potential of three different types of S. mucugensis subsp. mucugensis explants to promote the development of an alternative method to the propagation of the genetic resources of this important plant. The morphogenetic capacities of the leaf, stem and root this species was tested using Murashige and Skoog culture medium at half salt concentration and different concentrations of growth of regulators benzylaminopurine - BAP (0.00; 2.22 and 4.44 µM), and naphthalene acetic acid - NAA (0.00; 1.34 and 2.68 µM). The morphoanatomic events that lead to formation of shoots were described. Stems proved to be the best source of explants, showing 58.75% regeneration of shoot by direct organogenesis in the absence of growth regulators, and 32.18 and 47.55% of shoot regeneration by indirect organogenesis in the presence of 2.22 and 4.44 µM BAP, respectively. As for leaves, there was callus formation, but without regenerating shoots. Morphogenesis was not observed when roots were used as explants. The histological analyses showed that shoot regeneration in S. mucugensis subsp. mucugensis occurred both indirectly, by unorganized tissue differentiation, and directly through returning to merismatic activity in differentiated mature cells and preexisting bud proliferation.

scholarly journals A COMPREHENSIVE DESCRIPTION OF EX-VITRO ROOTING OF PISTACHIO ROOTSTOCKS GROWN IN PHOTOMIXOTROPHIC AND PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC CONDITION

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Mahmoudi Meimand ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Shamshiri ◽  
Khalil Malekzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
The Media ◽  
Photoautotrophic Condition

As a basic principle, ex-vitro rhizogenesis increases the micropropagation efficiency of Micro propagation in any plant from both biological and economic viewpoints. In the current study, we surveyed the effects of number of air exchanges along with sucrose concentration on in-vitro rooting of two pistachio rootstocks consisting of UCB1 and Qazvini versus ex-vitro rooting. Based on our findings for the UCB1 rootstock, microshoot ex-vitro rooting reached the highest percentage (63.70 %) after six weeks' treatment with indole butyric acid (IBA) (5000 ppm) and free naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), while for Qazvini rootstock treated with NAA (6000 ppm) along with IBA (5000 ppm), rooting achieved 35.06%. Photomixotrophic resulted from decreasing sucrose concentration from 30 to 15 (g L-1) in corporation with ventilation condition increased UCB1 rooting (67.89%) as well as plant survival (58.34%). For Qazvini rootstock, maximum sucrose concentration (30 g L-1) improved rooting parameters. For in-vitro rooting experiment, rooting percentage of UCB1 plantlets as well as the main and lateral produced roots were higher in media supplemented with (1 mg l-1) IBA, free NAA, and BA. Regarding Qazvini rootstock, the highest in-vitro rooting percentage (43.75%) and root length were associated with the media supplemented with BA (0.5 mg l-1), IBA (2 mg l-1), and NAA (2 mg l-1). As a result, for both the studied rootstocks, better rooting parameters were observed in the ex-vitro rooted microshoots than in-vitro rooted.

scholarly journals Effect of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Morphogenic Response of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. Poir. Using Mature Zygotic Embryos Explants

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussien H. Daffalla ◽  
Eltayb Abdellatef ◽  
Elsadig A. Elhadi ◽  
Mutasim M. Khalafalla
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Boscia Senegalensis

The percent study describes the in vitro responses of mature zygotic embryos of Boscia senegalensis to different concentrations (0.0–5.0 mg/L) of 6-benzyladnine (BA), Thidiazuron (TDZ), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) supplemented on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). The plant growth regulators (PGRs) were considerably affected the morphogenetic responses. BA produced adventitious shoots through two ways: direct organogenesis and auxiliary shoot formation. Both 2, 4-D and TDZ tend to produce callus, whereas NAA improve the development of embryos to seedlings. Maximum number of shoots/explant (14.8 ± 0.6) was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L BA. 67.0% of excised shoots were rooted either on 1/2 MS medium augmented with or without 0.25 mg/L IBA. The highest number of roots (1.2 ± 0.4) and root length (0.5 ± 0.2 cm) was produced on 0.25 mg/L IBA-containing medium. Regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the green house with 70% survival rate. All the plants appeared morphologically uniform with normal growth pattern. A rapid (30 days), efficient and without subculturing protocol for in vitro regeneration of B. senegalensis was developed.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Baptisia `Purple Smoke'

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 353-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Ault ◽  
Kayri Havens
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Shoot Initiation

Shoot explants from actively growing, greenhouse-maintained plants of Baptisia `Purple Smoke' were cultured in vitro for shoot initiation on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing vitamins and supplemented with 30 g·L–1 sucrose, 8.87 μm BA, and 4.14 μm K-IBA. All subsequent media were supplemented with 2.47 mm NaH2PO4 to enhance shoot growth. Single-node explants were subcultured for shoot multiplication on MS medium with either no plant growth regulator or with 2.22, 4.44, 8.87, 17.74, or 35.48 mm BA in combination with 0.0 or 4.14 μm K-IBA. Explants produced a maximum of 4.1 shoots on the medium with 2.22 μm BA. Shoots rooted on all concentrations of K-IBA (2.07, 4.14, 10.36, or 20.72 μm) and K-NAA (2.23, 4.46, 11.15, or 22.29 μm) tested. Maximum rooting was 100% on MS medium with 11.15 μm K-NAA; however, this treatment induced copious stem callusing. Rooted shoots were greenhouse-acclimatized for 2.5 weeks. Overall survival was 86%. For optimal rooting and subsequent acclimatization, treatment with 2.23 μm K-NAA is recommended; this resulted in 83% rooting and 87% acclimatization. Chemical names used: N6 benzyladenine (BA); potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA); potassium salt of 1-naphthalene acetic acid (K-NAA).

scholarly journals Response of In Vitro Strawberry to Silver Nitrate (AgNO3)

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Qin ◽  
Shanglong Zhang ◽  
Lingxiao Zhang ◽  
Daoyu Zhu ◽  
Asghar Syed
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
Regeneration Efficiency

Response of Toyonoka strawberry to AgNO3 was studied. Types and combinations of plant growth regulators had significant effects on shoot regeneration efficiency. Explants cultured for 10 days in shoot regeneration medium in the presence of AgNO3 not only enhanced shoot regeneration efficiency but also expedited the initiation of adventitious buds. Highest regeneration (87.38%) and number of shoots per explant (11.67) were achieved in shoot regeneration media containing 1.5 mg·L–1 TDZ, 0.4 mg·L–1 IBA and 1.0 mg·L–1 AgNO3. Half-strength MS containing 1.0 mg·L–1 AgNO3 was an optimum medium for rooting. AgNO3 advanced root emergence and increased percent rooting, root length, dry weight and activity. Lower concentrations of AgNO3 inhibited ethylene production and promoted shoot regeneration and growth. It had a significant stimulatory effect on chlorophyll, soluble protein contents and antioxidant enzyme activities. Chlorophyll and soluble protein contents, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities were increased in the presence of AgNO3 and reached maximum at 1.0 mg·L–1 AgNO3. Root water content, superoxide free radicals (O2.-), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, proline accumulation and IAA-oxidase activity in leaves were increased while (IAA) content was decreased in the presence of AgNO3. Chemical names used: indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); silver nitrate (AgNO3); thidiazuron (TDZ); N6-benzyladenine (BA); 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D); indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA); gibberellic acid (GA3); bovine serum albumin (BSA); 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC).

scholarly journals Neoformação in vitro de Parte Aérea e Enraizamento Adventício de Brotações de Tabernaemontana catharinensis A. DC

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Marcelo Vielmo Afonso ◽  
Juçara Terezinha Paranhos ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
Aline Soares Pereira ◽  
Athos Odin Severo Dorneles
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Stimulation Of

Plantas nativas com potencial medicinal têm acentuada valorização mundial, contudo, ainda muitas espécies requerem estudos ecológicos e fisiológicos, que auxiliarão na multiplicação e conservação das espécies. Assim se objetivou, neste trabalho, avaliar o efeito da 6-benzilaminopurina (BAP) associada ao ácido naftalenoacético (ANA) no estímulo de formação de brotações aéreas a partir de segmentos cotiledonares de Tabernaemontana catharinensis e posterior indução do enraizamento em cultivo suplementado com ácido indolbutírico (AIB). Segmentos cotiledonares de plântulas obtidasin vitro foram inoculados em meio de cultivo (MS), contendo diferentes combinações de BAP e ANA: 0,0 x 0,0; 1,0 x 0,1; 2,0 x 0,2; 4,0 x 0,4; 6,0 x 0,6 mg L-1, respectivamente. Após a obtenção de brotações aéreas, as mesmas foram cultivadas em meio contendo AIB, por 30 dias, nas concentrações de 0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0 ou 6,0 mg L-1. A organogênese direta de brotações adventícias foi induzida sem a necessidade de fitorreguladores de crescimento (BAP x ANA) no meio de cultivo. No entanto, houve um incremento no número de brotos e folhas, comprimento e massa fresca das brotações na presença dos fitorreguladores. A rizogênese em brotações aéreas, quando cultivadas em meio enriquecido com 6,0 mg L-1de AIB atingiu 80%. As variáveis: comprimento, massa fresca e número de raízes foram potencializadas com adição de AIB. Portanto, os fitorreguladores de crescimento promovem a obtenção de um maior número de microplantas completas desta espécie, a partir de segmentos cotiledonares cultivados in vitro. Palavras-chave: Planta Medicinal. Auxinas. Citocininas. Parâmetros Fisiológicos.   Abstract Native plants with medicinal potential have outstanding worldwide appreciation, however still many species require ecological and physiological studies, which will assist in the species multiplication and conservation. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) associated with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the stimulation of shoot formation from cotyledonary segments of Tabernaemontana catharinensis and subsequent induction of rooting in Indolbutyric-acid supplementation (IBA). Cotyledonous segments of seedlings obtained in vitro were inoculated in culture medium (MS) containing different BAP and NAA combinations: 0.0 x 0.00 ; 1.0 x 0.1; 2.0 x 0.2; 4.0 x 0.4 ; 6.0 x0.6 mg L-1, respectively. After obtaining aerial shoots, they were cultivated in medium containing IBA, for 30 days, at concentrations of 0.0; 1.0; 2.0; 4.0 or 6.0 mg L-1. Direct organogenesis of adventitious shoots can be induced without the need for growth phytoregulators (BAP x NAA) in the culture medium. However, there is an increase in leaf number, shoot length and fresh shoot weight in the presence of phytoregulators. The rhizogenesis in shoots when grown in medium supplemented with 6.0 mg L-1 of IBA reaches 80%. The variables length, fresh mass, and root number were potentiated with the IBA addition. Therefore, growth regulators make it possible to obtain a larger number of complete microplants of this species from in vitro cultivated cotyledonary segments.  Keywords: Medicinal Plant. Auxins. Cytokinins. Physiological Parameters.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document