scholarly journals Saneamento ecológico: uso de urina humana como fonte de nitrogênio no cultivo do milho (zea mays) / Ecological sanitation: use of human urine as a source of nitrogen in corn (zea mays) cultivation

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 122054-122080
Author(s):  
Estela Gato Ferreira ◽  
Adilson José Rocha Mello ◽  
Celso Daniel Galvani Junior
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Ecological Sanitation

Pre-implementation Perceptions Among Teachers on the Use of Ecological Sanitation and Application of Human Urine as Fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govinda Prasad Devkota ◽  
Sheri Bastien ◽  
Petter D. Jenssen ◽  
Manoj K. Pandey ◽  
Bhimsen Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
School Garden ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
Urine Diversion ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
It Application

Abstract Although human urine contains nutrients for plant growth, very few community schools in Nepal use a urine diversion dry toilet (UDDT) and apply the human urine as fertilizer in their school garden. Using human urine in agriculturereduces the use of chemical fertilizers, thus saving the expenditure associated with it. Application of human urine improves the soil fertility and may contribute to increased food security among school children if the school can supply the canteen with food for mid-day meals. This study adopted a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach in order to understand stakeholder perspectives and involve them in the planning and implementation of urine diverting toilets. The data for this study were collected from five teachers' focus group discussions. This paper presents teachers' perceptions ofthe urine diversion dry toilet system and use of human urine as a fertilizer for the school garden.Only a few teachers accepted that human urine could be used as fertilizer, however, they were not willing to use it on their crops since it was considered impure. Due to a perceived bad odor and the uncomfortable sitting position on the UDDT, particularlyfor females, teachers disliked this toilet and they felt using urine as fertilizer was unnecessary. One of the key lessons drawn from the study is that schools, in collaboration with local governments,should employ participatory approaches to understanding and engaging local stakeholders, including teachers, to minimize negative perceptions prior to the application of human urine as fertilizer in the school garden.

scholarly journals Pre-Implementation Perceptions Among Teachers on the Use of Ecological Sanitation and Application of Human Urine as Fertilizer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Govinda Prasad Devkota ◽  
Sheri Lee Bastien ◽  
Petter D. Jenssen ◽  
Manoj K. Pandey ◽  
Bhimsen Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
School Garden ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
Urine Diversion ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
It Application

Although human urine contains nutrients for plant growth, very few community schools in Nepal use a urine diversion dry toilet (UDDT) and apply the human urine as fertilizer in their school garden. Using human urine in agriculture reduces the use of chemical fertilizers, thus saving the expenditure associated with it. Application of human urine improves the soil fertility and may contribute to increased food security among school children if the school can supply the canteen with food for mid-day meals. This study adopted a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach in order to understand stakeholder perspectives and involve them in the planning and implementation of urine diverting toilets. The data for this study were collected from five teachers’ focus group discussions. This paper presents teachers’ perceptions of the urine diversion dry toilet system and use of human urine as a fertilizer for the school garden. Only a few teachers accepted that human urine could be used as fertilizer, however, they were not willing to use it on their crops since it was considered impure. Due to a perceived bad odor and the uncomfortable sitting position on the UDDT, particularly for females, teachers disliked this toilet and they felt using urine as fertilizer was unnecessary. One of the key lessons drawn from the study is that schools, in collaboration with local governments, should employ participatory approaches to understanding and engaging local stakeholders, including teachers, to minimize negative perceptions prior to the application of human urine as fertilizer in the school garden.

scholarly journals Willow evapotranspiration beds without discharge for handling of household wastewater & biomass short rotation willow coppice fertilised with nutrient from human urine mixture

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
Arne Backlund ◽  
Annette Holtze
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
International Project ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Household Wastewater ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Steam Production

Storstmm County and A & B Backlund ApS have been co-operating in a project collectingexperiences and making investigations regarding the oldest evapotranspiration bed withoutoutlet in Denmark situated in Storstmm County. Results from the project Danish EPA M226-0025 "EXPERIENCES AND EXAMINATIONS FROM A EVAPOTRANSTIRATION BEDWITHOUT DISCHARGE AT TAPPERN0JE" are presented in this paper. The bed hasworked very stable since 1992. A water balance has been calculated estimating theevapotranspiration of the bed. Contents of nutrients in the wastewater and nutrients, heavymetal and organic compounds in the soil have been analysed. Steam production of thewillows has been estimated. A & B Backlund ApS is engaged in further development of thesystems.A small part ofan international project FAIR5-CT97-3947 (1998-2002) "BIOMASS SHORTROTATION WILLOW COPPICE FERTILISED WITH NUTRIENT FROM MUNICIPALWASTEWATER (BWCW) is dedicated fertilising willows with human urine mixtures. Theexperiences has up to now been very positive and efforts are made to prolong the project andestablish further demonstration projects.Willow evapotranspiration beds, willow vegetation filter, wastewater treatment, human urinefertiliser, no-mixing toilets, diverting toilets, separation toilets, ecological engineering,ecological sanitation

scholarly journals CULTIVO DE MILHO HÍBRIDO COM MACRONUTRIENTES, URINA HUMANA E MANIPUEIRA APLICADOS VIA FUNDAÇÃO E FERTIRRIGAÇÃO

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-431
Author(s):  
Jailton Garcia Ramos ◽  
Vera Lúcia Antunes de Lima ◽  
Mariana De Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Maria Teresa Cristina Coelho do Nascimento ◽  
Narcísio Cabral de Araujo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cassava Wastewater ◽  
Hybrid Maize

CULTIVO DE MILHO HÍBRIDO COM MACRONUTRIENTES, URINA HUMANA E MANIPUEIRA APLICADOS VIA FUNDAÇÃO E FERTIRRIGAÇÃO     JAILTON GARCIA RAMOS1; VERA LUCIA ANTUNES DE LIMA2; MARIANA DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA3; MARIA TERESA CRISTINA COELHO DO NASCIMENTO4; NARCÍSIO CABRAL DE ARAUJO5 E MÁRCIA CRISTINA DE ARAUJO PEREIRA6   1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected] 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected] 3 Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Agroalimentar, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Jairo Vieira Feitosa, 1770, Pereiros, 58840-000, Pombal, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected] 4 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil,[email protected] 5Centro de Formação em Tecnociências e Inovação, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Rodovia de Acesso para Itabuna, km 39, 45613-204, Ferradas, Itabuna, Bahia, Brasil, [email protected] 6 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Rua Aprígio Veloso, 882, Bairro Universitário,58428-830, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil, [email protected]     1 RESUMO   O uso de resíduos orgânicos na produção agrícola é uma realidade em vários países do mundo. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento do milho híbrido AG1051 cultivado sob fertilização química e orgânica, utilizando nitrogênio, fósforo e potássio (NPK) e combinações de manipueira e urina humana tratadas, aplicadas via solo e fertirrigação. O experimento foi realizado na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus I, Campina Grande, PB, Brasil. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com 14 tratamentos, quatro repetições, totalizando 56 unidades experimentais. Foram analisadas as variáveis altura de planta (AP), diâmetro do colmo (DC), número de folhas (NF), fitomassa fresca e seca da parte aérea (FFPA, FSPA), estado de nitrogênio na planta – índice SPAD e área foliar (AF) aos 15 dias após a emergência das plântulas. Todas as variáveis apresentaram melhores resultados em função da fertilização química com NPK, destacando-se a aplicação via fertirrigação, já a adubação orgânica promoveu valores superiores quando aplicada via solo. A variável AF apresentou aumento para todos os contrastes em relação às demais variáveis de até 147%; já a variável NF apresentou menores valores em função dos contrastes, com aumento de 2,25%.   Palavras-chave: Zea Mays L., adubação organomineral, ecossaneamento.     RAMOS, J.G.; DE LIMA, V.L.A.; PEREIRA, M.D.P.; NASCIMENTO, M. T. C. C.; DE ARAUJO, N.C.; PEREIRA, M.C.A. CULTIVATION OF HYBRID MAIZE UNDER MACRONUTRIENTS, HUMAN URINE AND CASSAVA WASTEWATER APPLIED VIA BASAL DRESSING AND FERTIGATION     2 ABSTRACT   The use of organic waste in agricultural production is already a reality in several countries worldwide. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the growth of hybrid maize (AG1051) under organic and chemical fertilization using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) and the combination of both treated cassava wastewater and human urine, applied through basal dressing and fertigation in a protected environment. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus I, in the municipality of Campina Grande, state of Paraiba, Brazil. A completely randomized design was used, with 14 treatments and 4 replications, totaling 56 experimental units. Plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), number of leaves (NL), shoot fresh matter (SFM), shoot dry matter (SDM), nitrogen in the plant – SPAD Index and leaf area (LA) variables were analyzed at 15 days after emergence. All variables presented better results as function of chemical fertilization with NPK, specially the application via fertigation. Organic fertilization promoted higher values when applied via basal dressing. The variable leaf area showed higher increase for all contrasts compared to the other variables (up to 147%). The variable number of leaves presented lower values due to the contrasts, with an increase of 2.25%.  Keywords: Zea Mays L., organo-mineral fertilization, ecological sanitation.

scholarly journals Yellow Water to Aid Food Security—Perceptions/Acceptance of Consumers toward Urine Based Fertilizer

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Nawzad Taher ◽  
Ayca Basar ◽  
Amr Mustafa Abdelrahman ◽  
Bilsen Beler-Baykal
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Ecological Sanitation ◽  
Educational Backgrounds ◽  
Wastewater Stream

Yellow water is a segregated domestic wastewater stream resulting from Ecological Sanitation (ECOSAN). It is mainly source separated human urine which is rich in nutrients. The potential contribution of yellow water as fertilizer to food security is considerable. The use of this potential however is related to the acceptance of the consumers towards urine based fertilizers (UBF). This work aims to assess acceptance of consumers towards UBF and urine diverting toilets (UDT) for separation of urine, through questionnaires with 444 participants from Egypt, Iraq and Turkey with different age groups, genders, educational backgrounds and occupations. The overall acceptance for UDTs and UBF was 62% and 56%, respectively. All-in-all, public opinion regarding the use of UDT/UBF is promising.

scholarly journals Quality of Human Urine Used as Fertilizer: Case of an Ecological Sanitation System in Ouagadougou Peri-Urban Areas-Burkina Faso

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Makaya ◽  
Aly Savadogo ◽  
Marius K. Somda ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Bour ◽  
Nicolas Barro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ecological Sanitation

Ultrastructure of Plant Leaf Tissue Infected with Mite-Borne Viral-Like Pathogens

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 178-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. E. Bradfute ◽  
R. E. Whitmoyer ◽  
L. R. Nault
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Leaf Ultrastructure ◽  
Double Membrane ◽  
Aceria Tulipae

A pathogen transmitted by the eriophyid mite, Aceria tulipae, infects a number of Gramineae producing symptoms similar to wheat spot mosaic virus (1). An electron microscope study of leaf ultrastructure from systemically infected Zea mays, Hordeum vulgare, and Triticum aestivum showed the presence of ovoid, double membrane bodies (0.1 - 0.2 microns) in the cytoplasm of parenchyma, phloem and epidermis cells (Fig. 1 ).

Identification of maize mosaic virus by immunoelectron microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 240-241
Author(s):  
O. E. Bradfute
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Immunoelectron Microscopy ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Maize Mosaic Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Plant Rhabdovirus

Maize mosaic virus (MMV) causes a severe disease of Zea mays in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including the southern U.S. (1-3). Fig. 1 shows internal cross striations of helical nucleoprotein and bounding membrane with surface projections typical of many plant rhabdovirus particles including MMV (3). Immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) was investigated as a method for identifying MMV. Antiserum to MMV was supplied by Ramon Lastra (Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Caracas, Venezuela).

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