scholarly journals Retina-Inspired Organic Heterojunction-Based Optoelectronic Synapses for Artificial Visual Systems

Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Junyao Zhang ◽  
Yang Lu ◽  
Shilei Dai ◽  
Ruizhi Wang ◽  
Dandan Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Learning ◽  
Optical Logic ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Color Recognition ◽  
Computational Dynamics ◽  
Visual Systems ◽  
Wavelength Tunability ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Logic Functions ◽  
Recognition Capability

For the realization of retina-inspired neuromorphic visual systems which simulate basic functions of human visual systems, optoelectronic synapses capable of combining perceiving, processing, and memorizing in a single device have attracted immense interests. Here, optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium (Ir(ppy)3) and poly(3,3-didodecylquarterthiophene) (PQT-12) heterojunction structure are presented. The organic heterojunction serves as a basis for distinctive synaptic characteristics under different wavelengths of light. Furthermore, synaptic transistor arrays are fabricated to demonstrate their optical perception efficiency and color recognition capability under multiple illuminating conditions. The wavelength-tunability of synaptic behaviors further enables the mimicry of mood-modulated visual learning and memorizing processes of humans. More significantly, the computational dynamics of neurons of synaptic outputs including associated learning and optical logic functions can be successfully demonstrated on the presented devices. This work may locate the stage for future studies on optoelectronic synaptic devices toward the implementation of artificial visual systems.

All-Optical Logic Functions in a Bent Nonlinear Y-Junction Waveguide

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (Part 1, No. 3A) ◽  
pp. 832-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Ki Kim ◽  
Je-Myung Jeong ◽  
Hosung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Logic ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Logic Functions

Optical logic functions using a tunable wavelength conversion laser diode

1992 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1722-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nobuhara ◽  
K. Kondo ◽  
S. Yamakoshi ◽  
K. Wakao
Keyword(s):  
Laser Diode ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Optical Logic ◽  
Tunable Wavelength ◽  
Logic Functions

All-optical logic in fiber systems using nonlinear refraction

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 913-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Normandin
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Optics ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Nonlinear Refraction ◽  
Contrast Ratio ◽  
Optical Logic ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Wavelength Control ◽  
Logic Functions

We describe the realization of a nonlinear all-optical logic gate and modulator for use in fiber-optics communication systems. The physical mechanisms for the optical nonlinearities and their influences on device operation and design are considered. Results are presented for the AND, NOR, NOT, and XOR logic functions with a better than 20 dB contrast ratio. The gates and modulators exhibit exceptional stability, because no resonator, feedback, or stringent wavelength control are needed. Silicon at λ = 1.06 μm has been used for these "proof-of- concept" experiments. The feasibility of picosecond operation, multiplexing, and wavelength translation is discussed.

scholarly journals A Reconfigurable Optical Logic Gate With up to 25 Logic Functions Based on Polarization Modulation With Direct Detection

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfeng Tang ◽  
Zhongqin Fang ◽  
Yaxue Zhai ◽  
Xiangsen Jiao ◽  
Na Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Detection ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Polarization Modulation ◽  
Optical Logic ◽  
Optical Logic Gate ◽  
Logic Functions

640 Gb/s all-optical logic functions in a PPLN waveguide

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Bogoni ◽  
Xiaoxia Wu ◽  
Zahra Bakhtiari ◽  
Scott Nuccio ◽  
Alan E. Willner
Keyword(s):  
Optical Logic ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Logic Functions

scholarly journals Myeloperoxidase: New Roles for an Old Molecule

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Stanković ◽  
Nada Majkić-Singh
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Heme Peroxidase ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Myeloperoxidase: New Roles for an Old MoleculeMyeloperoxidase (MPO) is a member of the heme peroxidase-cyclooxygenase superfamily. It is abundantly expressed in neutrophils and monocytes. During inflammation MPO is released from leukocytes and catalyzes the formation of several reactive species and tissue damage. In this article we present state of the art knowledge on the general properties, biosynthesis and processing and trafficking of MPO. The basic functions of MPO in inflammation and oxidative stress are discussed in detail. This article also summarizes the studies that investigated the relationship between MPO and cardiovascular disease. An overview of the assays for determination of MPO, the sample type and preanalytical procedures is given. Future studies are needed before this marker is introduced into routine clinical practice.

An Early Developmental Marker for Radial Glia in Rat Spinal Cord

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 36-37
Author(s):  
V. Kriho ◽  
H.-Y. Yang ◽  
C.-M. Lue ◽  
N. Lieska ◽  
G. D. Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Radial Glia ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Spinal Cord Development ◽  
Median Septum ◽  
Differentiation Marker ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Developing Rat

Radial glia have been classically defined as those early glial cells that radially span their thin processes from the ventricular to the pial surfaces in the developing central nervous system. These radial glia constitute a transient cell population, disappearing, for the most part, by the end of the period of neuronal migration. Traditionally, it has been difficult to definitively identify these cells because the principal criteria available were morphologic only.Using immunofluorescence microscopy, we have previously defined a phenotype for radial glia in rat spinal cord based upon the sequential expression of vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and an intermediate filament-associated protein, IFAP-70/280kD. We report here the application of another intermediate filament-associated protein, IFAP-300kD, originally identified in BHK-21 cells, to the immunofluorescence study of radial glia in the developing rat spinal cord.Results showed that IFAP-300kD appeared very early in rat spinal cord development. In fact by embryonic day 13, IFAP-300kD immunoreactivity was already at its peak and was observed in most of the radial glia which span the spinal cord from the ventricular to the subpial surfaces (Fig. 1). Interestingly, from this time, IFAP-300kD immunoreactivity diminished rapidly in a dorsal to ventral manner, so that by embryonic day 16 it was detectable only in the maturing macroglial cells in the marginal zone of the spinal cord and the dorsal median septum (Fig. 2). By birth, the spinal cord was essentially immuno-negative for this IFAP. Thus, IFAP-300kD appears to be another differentiation marker available for future studies of gliogenesis, especially for the early stages of radial glia differentiation.

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