Farmers' willingness to adopt irrigation for quinoa in communities of the Central Altiplano of Bolivia

2011 ◽  
pp. 7-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristal Taboada ◽  
Armando Mamani ◽  
Dirk Raes ◽  
Erik Mathijs ◽  
Magalí García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Surplus Production ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano ◽  
Main Factors

Quinoa is considered a strategic crop because it is well adapted to the adverse abiotic conditions of the Bolivian Altiplano; however, the average yield is low. Previous studies have demonstrated that quinoa yield would increase with deficit irrigation technology. Nevertheless, to irrigate quinoa is not a normal practice in the farming systems of the Altiplano. This paper examines the main factors that determine the attitude of farmers towards adopting deficit irrigation using a sample of 137 surveys in seven communities of the Central Altiplano. Statistic analysis demonstrates that the most important factors influencing farmers' willingness for irrigation adoption are the acreage planted with quinoa, quantity of surplus production for trading, and having irrigation experience. Also, the age and education level were important to know willingness to adopt a new technology. Therefore, deficit irrigation is more likely to be performed in area where farmers own larger fields and where there is already certain type of irrigation.

Mechanical Analysis of Warm Extrusion Precision Forming on 42CrMo Steel Cutting Pick

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 1061-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Jian Su ◽  
Quan Lan Li ◽  
Lin Jing Xiao ◽  
Su Min Guo
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Extrusion Force ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
42Crmo Steel ◽  
Pick Body ◽  
Mining Tool ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Warm Extrusion

Cutting pick is a kind of widely-used consumptive mining tool. The traditional producing technics of cutting pick body is foundry, or machining after roughly forging, or machining directly from metal bar. By former technics, the property of products is poor, and by latter, the material availability is low and the cost is high. The patent technology for cutting pick body warm extrusion introduced in this paper can overcome all the disadvantages mentioned above. In this paper, by analyzing the characteristic of cutting pick body warm extrusion, adopting the principle of power balance to solve the approximate solution of strain forces, the approximate calculating formulas of extruding power are deduced. The main factors affecting on extrusion force are determined theoretically. This research can be used as basis to design tooling and choose proper equipment for this new technology.

scholarly journals Consumers’ Attitudes Facing Entomophagy: Polish Case Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Orkusz ◽  
Wioletta Wolańska ◽  
Joanna Harasym ◽  
Arkadiusz Piwowar ◽  
Magdalena Kapelko
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Psychological Barriers ◽  
Edible Insect ◽  
Meat Substitute ◽  
Willingness To Adopt ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Insects As Food

Based on high nutritional value and low production costs, edible insects are an excellent and sustainable source of animal proteins. However, completely replacing meat with edible insects requires a change in consumer mentality not only in Poland, but also in other European countries. In western countries, most people reject eating insects, mainly for cultural reasons. Concerning this, the objective of the study was to examine the knowledge, behavior, and attitudes of the Polish community about edible insects and to understand the main factors driving edible insect consumption. The study was held at the Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Poland and consisted of two parts: The survey (among 464 students) and the tasting session (among 402 participants). The main findings suggest that there is low willingness to adopt edible insects as a meat substitute among Polish students due to the psychological barriers, such as neophobia and disgust. However, the willingness to eat processed insect food (bread, biscuit) is far higher than for unprocessed whole insects. Environmental benefits are the factors that least affected students’ willingness to try edible insects. Additionally, the tasting session of the bread with powdered insects was attended by the vast majority of participants, which indicates that a positive sensory experience can improve the acceptability of insects as food.

Empowerment and Tech Adoption: Introducing the Treadle Pump Triggers Farmers’ Innovation in Eastern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimelis Beyene ◽  
Teshome Regassa ◽  
Belaineh Legesse ◽  
Martha Mamo ◽  
Tsegaye Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
External Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Technology Introduction

In 2013, thirty-eight treadle pumps (TPs) were installed as low-cost technology introduction for small-scale irrigation in eastern Ethiopia. This pilot project also trained six farmers on tube well excavation, installation and maintenance of pumps. In June 2015, researchers visited nine of the 38 TP villages, and found only two functional TPs. The rest were replaced with a new technology developed by the trained farmers. Adopters of the new technology stated that the limited water output and high labor demand of the conventional TP did not optimally fulfil their irrigation water requirements. The new technology had spread quickly to more than one hundred households due to three key factors. First, farmers’ innovative modifications of the initial excavation technique addressed the discharge limitations of the conventional TP by excavating boreholes with wider diameter. Second, local ownership of the new technology, including skills used in well drilling and manufacturing excavation implement, made the new irrigation technology affordable and accessible to the majority of households. Third, this innovation spread organically without any external support, confirming its sustainability. Farmers, empowered by training, gained more control in developing technology options tailored to local needs and conditions of their communities.

New Technology with Porous Materials; Progress in the Development of the Diesel Vehicle Business

2011 ◽  
Vol 484 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Kazushige Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Diesel Vehicle

The long time of twenty years has passed since Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) was proposed before the practical use. The main factors that DPF has been put to practical use in this time, are the same time proposal of the evaluation method of SiC porous materials linked to the performance on the vehicle, and that the nature of thermal shock required for the soot regeneration (combustion of soot) in the DPF is different from the conventional requirement for the rather rapid thermal shock. For the requirements, these include demonstrating utmost the characteristic of SiC’s high thermal conductivity, and overcoming the difficulty of thermal expansion of SiC-DPF by dividing the filter into segments binding with the cement of lower Young’s modulus, and the innovation of technology around the diesel exhaust system such as Common-Rail system. As the results of these, the cumulative shipments of SiC-DPF have reached about 13 million, and it goes at no claim in the market.

Could deficit irrigation be a sustainable practice for quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in the Southern Bolivian Altiplano?

2008 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 909-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Geerts ◽  
Dirk Raes ◽  
Magali Garcia ◽  
Octavio Condori ◽  
Judith Mamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano ◽  
Sustainable Practice

A New Technology with Porous Materials; Progress in the Development of the Diesel Vehicle Business

2008 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 207-210
Author(s):  
Kazushige Ohno
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Particulate Filter ◽  
Common Rail System ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Diesel Vehicle

The long time of twenty years has passed since Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) was proposed before the practical use. The main factors that DPF has been put to practical use in this time, are the same time proposal of the evaluation method of SiC porous materials linked to the performance on the vehicle, and that the nature of thermal shock required for the soot regeneration (combustion of soot) in the DPF is different from the conventional requirement for the rather rapid thermal shock. For the requirements, these include demonstrating utmost the characteristic of SiC’s high thermal conductivity, and overcoming the difficulty of thermal expansion of SiC-DPF by dividing the filter into segments binding with the cement of lower Young’s modulus, and the innovation of technology around the diesel exhaust system such as Common-Rail system. As the results of these, the cumulative shipments of SiC-DPF have reached about 5 million, and it goes at no claim in the market.

scholarly journals Empowerment and Tech Adoption: Introducing the Treadle Pump Triggers Farmers’ Innovation in Eastern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3268
Author(s):  
Shimelis Beyene ◽  
Teshome Regassa ◽  
Belaineh Legesse ◽  
Martha Mamo ◽  
Tsegaye Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
External Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Technology Introduction

In 2013, thirty-eight treadle pumps (TPs) were installed as low-cost technology introduction for small-scale irrigation in eastern Ethiopia. This pilot project also trained six farmers on tube well excavation, as well as the installation and maintenance of pumps. In June 2015, researchers visited nine of the thirty-eight TP villages and found only two TPs functioning as originally installed. The rest were replaced with a new technology developed by the trained farmers. Farmers, empowered by training, gained more control in developing technology options tailored to local needs and conditions of their communities. Adopters of the new technology stated that the limited water output and high labor demand of the conventional TP did not optimally fulfil their irrigation water requirements. The new technology had spread quickly to more than one hundred households due to three key factors. First, farmers’ innovative modifications of the initial excavation technique addressed the discharge limitations of the conventional TP by excavating boreholes with wider diameter. Second, local ownership of the new technology, including skills used in well drilling and manufacturing excavation implements, made the modified irrigation technology affordable and accessible to the majority of households. Third, this innovation spread organically without any external support, confirming its sustainability.

scholarly journals La tecnología de riego y la disputa por el agua subterránea en Córdoba, Argentina / Irrigation technology and the dispute over groundwater in Cordoba, Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (48) ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
Constanza Riera
Keyword(s):  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technology ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Common Resource

En la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, a mediados de 1990, se adoptó el riego con agua subterránea como una nueva tecnología para la producción de cultivos extensivos, lo que permitió el uso de este recurso a gran escala. La falta de un marco regulatorio y utilización privada del agua subterránea trajeron aparejadas disputas políticas entre los agricultores y las autoridades públicas por el usufructo de este recurso, que dieron lugar a la creación de Consorcios de Usuarios. Utilizando herramientas metodológicas de la etnografía, aquí se analiza cómo en este proceso de génesis institucional de los Consorcios, los usuarios y los agentes del poder público se comprometen en una batalla interpretativa sobre la legitimidad de la intervención del Estado a propósito del uso y la propiedad del agua subterránea, en la que la oposición público – privado juega un rol central al establecer éticas de la responsabilidad contrapuestas. Palabras clave: agua subterránea, riego, relaciones de propiedad, Córdoba (Argentina).AbstractIn the province of Cordoba, Argentina, a new irrigation technology for the production of extensive crops was adopted in mid-1990. This new technology allowed the large-scale use of groundwater, a common resource which until then was not available. The lack of a regulatory framework and the private resource utilization brought along political disputes between farmers and public authorities for the use of groundwater that led to the creation of Consortium of Users. Using methodological resources from anthropology, in this paper it is analyze how, in this process of institutional genesis, users and government agents undertake an interpretative battle over the legitimacy of state intervention regarding the use and ownership of groundwater, in which public-private opposition plays a key role in establishing competing ethics of responsibility.Keywords: groundwater, irrigation, ownership relations, Córdoba (Argentina).

scholarly journals Analysis of Economic and Business Factors Influencing Disruptive Innovation in Telehealth

Nova ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (28) ◽  
pp. 125-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Millan Jorge Millan ◽  
PhD Leonardo Yunda ◽  
PhD Andrés Valencia
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Competitive Systems ◽  
Decision Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
New Technology Adoption ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Performance

Objective. Analysis of economic and business factors influencing disruption innovation in healthcare taking as a reference Telehealth systems and technologies. Methods. Analysis of economic and business decision factors that influence the adoption of new technologies are qualitatively analyzed using as a case example Telehealth systems. Results. Main factors for the adoption of new technologies in healthcare are identified and analyzed. Factors include new technology adoption cost, usability, perceived value, competitive systems, old systems competitivecost and performance, and type of users, between others.

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