scholarly journals PERLIDUNGAN JUSTICE COLLABORATOR TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jupri Jupri

ABSTRACT                The guaranted of protection to a Justice Collaborator is stipulated in Article 32 of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003) as ratified as Law Number 7 Year 2006 stipulates that each State Party is obliged to provide physical and psychological protection against witnesses and experts in the disclosure of criminal acts of corruption. As the development progresses of corruption disclosure in Indonesia, the arrangement of Justice Collaborator is then started to be regulated explicitly in Law Number 31 Year 2014 on Protection of Witness and Victim.               Although physical, legal and special protection guarantees against the Justice Collaborator already exist. In fact, in the disclosure of a crime of corruption committed crime, a witness of the perpetrator who cooperates with law enforcement gets bullied until threats are killed. For example in the disclosure of corruption cases involving a number of politicians Political Parties in Indonesia. Keywords: Justice Collaborator, Protection, Corruption 

Author(s):  
Caroline Fleay

Throughout the past forty years various leaders from both major political parties in Australia have categorized the arrival by boat of people seeking asylum as a “crisis” and the people themselves as “illegal.” This is despite Australia being a signatory to the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, and receiving relatively few people who seek asylum compared with many other countries. Punitive government policies and processes have further reinforced these representations, such that “crisis” and “illegal” can now be understood as both categories of analysis and practice. The repeated use of such categories may be helping to produce and reproduce prejudice and racism and obscure the needs and experiences of people seeking asylum.


Author(s):  
Mosgan Situmorang

<p>Berbagai upaya pemberantasan korupsi telah dilakukan sejak lama namun belum memberikan hasil sebagaimana yang diharapkan. Tindak pidana korupsi diatur antara lain dalam KUHP yang bersifat umum atau lex generalis dan undang- undang yang dibuat khusus untuk penanggulangan korupsi seperti undang-undang tindak pidana korupsi maupun undang-undang tindak pidana suap. Disamping itu masih terdapat konvensi Internasional seperti United Nations Convention Against Corruption Tahun 2003. Seperti pemerintahan terdahulu, pemerintahan Jokowi juga mempunyai program tentang pemberantasan korupsi yang sudah dimuat dalam Rancangan Teknokrat Jokowi. Dalam rancangan itu dimuat strategi pemberantasan korupsi yang dilakukan melalui harmonisasi perundang-undangan korupsi dengan konvensi internasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode normatif yuridis untuk membahas peraturan apa saja yang terkait dengan pemberantasan korupsi serta bagaimanakah harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang korupsi dengan ketentuan United Nations Convention Against Corruption. Dari penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih terdapat ketidakharmonisan antara peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang korupsi dengan konvensi Internasional pemberantasan korupsi sehingga perlu segera dilakukan harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan nasional dengan konvensi Internasional di bidang korupsi dan strategi yang lebih jitu dan penegakan hukum yang lebih tegas dalam pemberantasan dan pencegahan korupsi ke depan.</p><p>Various corruption eradication efforts have been done for a long time. Yet the result has not been as expected. Corruption is set in Criminal code as lex generalis and other laws made specifically for the prevention of corruption, such as Law of corruption and bribery laws. There are also International conventions such as the United Nations Convention Against Corruption in 2003. Just like the previous government, The President Jokowi’s governance also has programs in eradicating corruption which are already loaded in the draft of Jokowi’s Technocrats. Those draft consist of strategy to combat corruption through harmonization of Regulations on Corruption with international conventions on corruption. This research was conducted using normative juridis method by discussing any regulations that are associated with the eradication of corruption and how the harmonization of the laws and regulations in the field of corruption with the provisions of the United Nations Convention against Corruption. From this research, it can be concluded that there is disharmony between the legislation in the field of corruption and the International Conventions Against Corruption so that is why harmonization of national legislation with international conventions in the field of corruption should be made and accurately strategies and law enforcement in combating and prevent corruption in the future should be more strict.</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 151-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Obokata ◽  
Aleksandar Boskovic ◽  
Nenad Radovic

This article examines the extent to which Serbia has implemented relevant international standards on action against transnational organised crime contained in the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime 2000. The first part explores key obligations with particular reference to prohibition of substantive offences, intelligence-led law enforcement (special investigative techniques), confiscation of criminal proceeds, as well as international law enforcement cooperation. The second part of the article analyses how these obligations are implemented by Serbia in reality by examining legislative frameworks as well as law enforcement practices. The main conclusion is that, while Serbia has taken some steps to implement international standards with a view to enhancing individual and collective actions against transnational organised crime, effective law enforcement is hampered by issues such as corruption and a lack of expertise, experience and resources.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-294
Author(s):  
Xinxiang Shi ◽  
Yen-Chiang Chang

Abstract This article discusses mixed disputes concerning military activities in light of the Order of Provisional Measures in Ukraine v Russia. It is argued that the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) decision that Russia’s use of force against the Ukrainian warships was not military in nature would diminish the military activities exception under Article 298(1)(b) of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The distinct status of warships means that use of force against them can hardly be taken as merely pertaining to law enforcement activities. Thus, the dispute should be more properly characterized as a mixed dispute, containing both a military element and a law enforcement element. In light of the jurisprudence of UNCLOS tribunals concerning mixed disputes, if the Annex VII Tribunal to be constituted intends to assume jurisdiction over the dispute, it would need to either isolate the law enforcement element from the military element, or define and apply the preponderance test applicable to mixed disputes concerning military activities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-84
Author(s):  
Imentari Siin Sembiring ◽  
Elly Sudarti ◽  
Andi Najemi

This article discusses the act of trading in influence as a form of corruption as regulated in the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) but has not been implemented into Indonesian criminal law even though it was ratified in 2006. Trading in influence is a form of trilateral relationship of corruption which involves at least three parties, namely an influential party, a party that has the authority, and an interest. This article concludes, the formulation of trading influence as a criminal act of corruption is urgent in three aspects. First, the regulation in national law is a form of transformation of UNCAC provisions that have been ratified. Second, several cases of corruption so far, as in the two cases discussed here, actually show a form of trading in influence, even though law enforcement is imposed with bribery. Third, efforts to impose actors of trading in influence with the bribery Article as so far, are actually limited to actors who are state administrators or civil servants; in the event that the actor is not part of the two, the subjective elements of bribery Article are not fulfilled. Therefore, in the future criminal law policy, it is necessary to accommodate the formulation of trading in influence as a criminal act of corruption, in this case offered through the revision of the Corruption Eradication Act. Abstrak Artikel ini membahas perbuatan memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai salah satu bentuk korupsi sebagaimana diatur dalam United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) namun belum diimplementasikan dalam hukum pidana Indonesia meski telah diratifikasi pada 2006. Memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai bentuk trilateral relationship merupakan bentuk korupsi yang melibatkan sedikitnya tiga pihak, yaitu pihak yang berpengaruh, pihak yang memiliki kewenangan, serta pihak yang memiliki kepentingan. Artikel ini menyimpulkan, perumusan perbuatan memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi urgen dalam tiga hal. Pertama, pengaturannya dalam hukum nasional merupakan bentuk dari transformasi ketentuan UNCAC yang sudah diratifikasi. Kedua, beberapa kasus korupsi selama ini, sebagaimana dalam dua kasus yang dibahas di sini, sebenarnya menunjukkan adanya bentuk memperdagangkan pengaruh, sekalipun pada akhirnya dijerat penegak hukum dengan suap. Ketiga, upaya menjerat pelaku memperdagangkan pengaruh dengan Pasal tentang suap sebagaimana yang selama ini dikenakan, sesungguhnya terbatas pada pelaku yang merupakan penyelenggara negara atau pegawai negeri; dalam hal pelaku bukan bagian dari keduanya maka unsur subjektif dari Pasal suap tidak terpenuhi. Karena itu, dalam kebijakan hukum pidana ke depan, perlu diakomodasi perumusan memperdagangkan pengaruh sebagai tindak pidana korupsi, dalam hal ini didorong melalui revisi Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.


Jurnal Hukum ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 1721
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aziz Syamsuddin

AbstractThe spirit of the eradication of corruption is running continually. Various efforts or strategies were arranged to sharpen the power of corruptions’ eradication. One of the strategies is legislation support or comprehend and effective legislation. It was proved by the enactment of Law No. 28 of 1999 on State Implementation of Clean and Free from Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism and also Law No. 31 of 1999 as amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 on Corruption Eradication. The other related legislation such as Law No. 30 of 2002 on Corruption Eradication Commission and the Law 8 of 2010 on the Prevention and Eradication of Money Laundering.  Those Supporting legislations show that there is a shared commitment to eradicate corruption. Indonesia has also ratified the UNCAC (United Nations Convention against Corruption) by Law No. 7 of 2006 on the UN Convention (United Nations) Anti-Corruption. Support legislation is expected to provide a deterrent effect for offenders and protecting the rights of citizens has a whole. Keywords: Legislative Support, Criminal Code Draft, Eradication, Crime of Corruption, Pros and Cons    AbstrakSemangat pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi terus bergulir. Berbagai upaya atau strategi dibangun untuk mempertajam kekuatan pemberantasan korupsi. Salah satunya adalah dengan dukungan legislasi atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang komprehensif dan efektif. Dibuktikan dengan lahirnya Undang-Undang No. 28 Tahun 1999 tentang Penyelenggaraan Negara yang Bersih dan Bebas dari Korupsi, Kolusi, dan Nepotisme dan Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 1999 sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Adapun undang-undang terkait lainnya seperti UU No. 30 Tahun 2002 tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi dan UU No. 8 Tahun 2010 tentang Pencegahan dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang. Dukungan legislasi tersebut menunjukkan adanya komitmen bersama untuk memberantas tindak pidana korupsi. Indonesia juga  telah meratifikasi UNCAC (United Nations Convention Against Corruption) dengan UU No. 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Konvensi PBB (Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa) Anti Korupsi. Dukungan legislasi ini diharapkan memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku sekaligus melindungi hak-hak warga negara secara keseluruhan. Kata Kunci: Dukungan Legislatif, RUU KUHP, Pemberantasan, Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Pro dan Kontra


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