Serial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Changes in a Patient with Postoperative Infectious Spondylitis: Correlation with Clinical Features

Abstract Background Hemiplegic migraines represent a heterogeneous disorder with various presentations. Hemiplegic migraines are classified as sporadic or familial based on the presence of family history, but both subtypes have an underlying genetic etiology. Mutations in the ATP1A2 gene are responsible for Familial Hemiplegic type 2 (FHM2) or the sporadic hemiplegic migraine (SHM) counterpart if there is no family history of the disorder. Manifestations include migraine with aura and hemiparesis along with a variety of other symptoms likely dependent upon the specific mutation(s) present. Case presentation We report the case of an adult man who presented with headache, aphasia, and right-sided weakness. Workup for stroke and various infectious agents was unremarkable during the patient’s extended hospital stay. We emphasize the changes in the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) over time and the delay from onset of symptoms to MRI changes in Isotropic Diffusion Map (commonly referred to as Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI)) as well as Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC). Conclusions We provide a brief review of imaging findings correlated with signs/symptoms and specific mutations in the ATP1A2 gene reported in the literature. Description of the various mutations and consequential presentations may assist neurologists in identifying cases of Hemiplegic Migraine, which may include transient changes in ADC and DWI imaging throughout the course of an attack.

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Voxelwise analysis of conventional magnetic resonance imaging to predict future disability in early relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458512442991 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 1585-1591 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Delphine Wybrecht ◽

Françoise Reuter ◽

Wafaa Zaaraoui ◽

Anthony Faivre ◽

Lydie Crespy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Physical Disability ◽

Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Global Approach ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Conventional Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Changes

Background: The ability of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict subsequent physical disability and cognitive deterioration after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is weak. Objectives: We aimed to investigate whether conventional MRI changes over 1 year could predict cognitive and physical disability 5 years later in CIS. We performed analyses using a global approach (T2 lesion load, number of T2 lesions), but also a topographic approach. Methods: This study included 38 patients with a CIS. At inclusion, 10 out of 38 patients fulfilled the 2010 revised McDonald’s criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) evaluation was performed at baseline, year 1 and year 5, and cognitive evaluation at baseline and year 5. T2-weighted MRI was performed at baseline and year 1. We used voxelwise analysis to analyse the predictive value of lesions location for subsequent disability. Results: Using the global approach, no correlation was found between MRI and clinical data. The occurrence or growth of new lesions in the brainstem was correlated with EDSS changes over the 5 years of follow-up. The occurrence or growth of new lesions in cerebellum, thalami, corpus callosum and frontal lobes over 1 year was correlated with cognitive impairment at 5 years. Conclusion: The assessment of lesion location at the first stage of multiple sclerosis may be of value to predict future clinical disability.

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Midbrain and Spinal Cord Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Changes in Poliomyelitis

Journal of Child Neurology ◽

10.1177/0883073809340918 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 497-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Anita Choudhary ◽

Suvasini Sharma ◽

Naveen Sankhyan ◽

Sheffali Gulati ◽

Veena Kalra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Changes

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Recurrent Occipital Seizures with Transient MRI Changes

Case Reports in Neurological Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/6061879 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohankumar Kurukumbi ◽

Allison Jacobs

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Treatment Outcomes ◽

Seizure Activity ◽

Occipital Lobe ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Unique Case ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Changes

Peri-ictal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings following seizure activity are a recognized phenomenon that is not well understood (Cole, 2004). Transient changes are not usually expected to be present in postictal MRI studies because of their rarity. Here, we present a unique case of peri-ictal MRI findings located in the occipital lobe, present in a 34-year-old female with recurrent occipital seizures occurring twice in four years. MRI changes completely resolved after both episodes with no residual focal damage. The peri-ictal occipital changes on MRI in this patient are unique because they have been captured on more than one occasion. Peri-ictal MRI findings are a known phenomenon with unknown pathophysiology, although attempts have been made to understand these findings. Though the MRI findings and presentation appear to be stroke-like or PRES-like, seizures should be kept in the differential for better treatment outcomes.

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Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome in two siblings diagnosed by the clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Journal of Korean Medical Science ◽

10.3346/jkms.1993.8.5.329 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 329

Author(s):

Dong Wook Kim ◽

Yong In Choi ◽

Ki Joong Kim ◽

Tae Sung Ko ◽

Yong Seung Hwang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

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Cerebral Ventricular Asymmetry and Ventriculomegaly Interact to Increase Risk for Schizophrenia: A Case Report and Recommendation for Routine Fetal Sonography

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900000547 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 574-578 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elionora Katz ◽

Jessica A. Burket ◽

Stephanie M. Rosse ◽

Richard B. Rosse ◽

Barbara L. Schwartz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Case Report ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Cognitive Testing ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cerebral Ventricles ◽

Mri Scan ◽

Increase Risk ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

ABSTRACTA 60-year-old patient with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan related to the evaluation of isolated seizures that emerged while medicated with clozapine. Unexpectedly, the MRI scan revealed evidence of asymmetric and enlarged cerebral ventricles that were interpreted as congenital in origin. The presence of both congenital lateral ventricular asymmetry and ventriculomegaly may interact to increase risk of schizophrenia. The history and clinical features, including cognitive testing, of the illustrative patient are presented.

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Resolution of Mri Abnormalities of the Oculomotor Nerve in Childhood Ophthalmoplegic Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1999.019007655.x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 655-659 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

JM Prats ◽

B Mateos ◽

C Garaizar

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Oculomotor Nerve ◽

Remote Memory ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Anatomic Site ◽

Ophthalmoplegic Migraine ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Changes

Ophthalmoplegic migraine is an uncommon disorder, usually starting in older childhood. Its physiopathology remains obscure and diagnosis is reliant on clinical grounds and exclusion of other disorders. We report four cases of childhood ophthalmoplegic migraine, one of them starting in infancy. Association with other types of migraine is common. Two of the three patients studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed enhancement and enlargement of the cisternal portion of the oculomotor nerve, which spontaneously resolved after 2 and 4 years, respectively. Persistence of clinical recurrences was associated with long-lasting presence of the MRI finding, and possibly with mild sequelae. These radiological abnormalities suggest a common physiopathological mechanism with other inflammatory diseases, except for a benign evolution which, added to its specific anatomic site, seems to be the only neuroradiological marker, besides normality, in ophthalmoplegic migraine. The very long potential duration of MRI changes and the scarcity of clinical episodes make feasible its incident discovery once the migraine attack has become a remote memory.

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Magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with non-ketotic hyperglycaemia and focal seizures

The Neuroradiology Journal ◽

10.1177/1971400920929554 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 416-423

Author(s):

Sara Rosa Maria De Martino ◽

Francesco Toni ◽

Luca Spinardi ◽

Luigi Cirillo

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Focal Volume ◽

Focal Seizures ◽

Cortical Grey Matter ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Mri Changes

We present the neuroimaging findings of three cases of non-ketotic hyperglycaemia (NKH) associated with focal seizures and a review of the previous cases and series reported in literature. NKH is a cause of seizures in both long-standing and newly diagnosed diabetic patients. They are usually focal motor seizures, rarely with a secondary generalisation. This condition does not fully respond to anticonvulsant therapy if glycaemic levels are not normalised. Of interest, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of NKH could be different from those observed during other kinds of seizures. Indeed, seizure-related MRI abnormalities mainly involve the cortical grey matter, while NKH-related seizures usually appear as reversible subcortical T2/fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) hypointensity. This latter abnormality shows a good spatial correlation with the area of the ictal focus on electroencephalogram and could be associated with other more common post-ictal MRI changes (cortical grey matter T2/FLAIR hyperintensity, cortical or leptomeningeal enhancement). Although these abnormalities tend to be transient, a focal volume loss or gliosis can result on follow-up imaging. Our cases confirm T2/FLAIR subcortical hypointensity as a main neuroradiological hallmark of NKH-induced seizures.

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