The analysis of measurements of flatness of the artificial surfaces of the runway of civil aerodrome

2018 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
А. Богоявленский ◽  
A. Bogoyavlenskiy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
Physical Quantities

One of the most important characteristics of the runways with artificial turf of civil airfields is their evenness. Passengers of the mainline aircraft – both in domestic and foreign airportssubjectively assess the airfield pavements evenness by the presence or absence of shaking during the movement of the aircraft on the runway both during takeoff and landing. In units of what physical quantities, by what means and methods is measured (estimated) the evenness of aerodrome surfaces? How to ensure of the traceability of measurements from the primary national etalon of parameter to the value of the measured value. About it-this publication.

The effect of different playing surfaces on soccer skill performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110663
Author(s):  
Reilly O’Meagher ◽  
John O’Reilly ◽  
Ajmol Ali
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Wooden Floor ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Skill Performance ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
Alternative Understanding ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Football (soccer) is traditionally played on natural grass but artificial surfaces are becoming an increasing popular alternative. Understanding how different surfaces affect a player's skill performance has not been examined. This study sought to compare soccer skill performance, using a validated test, on natural grass, third generation (3G) artificial turf, and indoor sprung wooden floor. Following familiarisation, 14 male players (12.7 ± 0.5 years-old, with 6.21 years playing experience) performed the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT) on three different surfaces in the following order: indoor, grass and artificial turf. Players were given two practise attempts before the best of two trials were recorded. Movement time was faster on artificial turf (45.1 ± 1.3 s) than natural grass (46.2 ± 1.8 s; p = 0.045), but there was no difference in overall LSPT performance between grass (54.1 ± 4.2 s) and artificial turf (54.0 ± 4.7 s; p = 0.92). Overall LSPT performance was better on indoor surface (50.9 ± 4.6 s) than grass (p = 0.02) and artificial turf (p = 0.02) due to reduced penalty time on the indoor surface (5.5 ± 3.3 s) than grass (7.9 ± 2.9 s; p = 0.001) and artificial turf (8.9 ± 3.9 s; p = 0.003). There is no difference in soccer skill performance between grass and 3G artificial turf. Skill performance on an indoor surface was ∼6% better than both grass and 3G artificial turf due to better ball control and/or accuracy of passing. Our findings will enable comparison of studies using the LSPT on indoor and outdoor (grass or artificial) surfaces.

scholarly journals Strategies used by professional rugby union clubs to manage players for artificial turf exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Carly McKay ◽  
Matthew Cross ◽  
Simon Kemp ◽  
Keith Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Acute Injuries ◽  
Artificial Surfaces ◽  
Injury Recovery

Background: The use of artificial turf on rugby pitches is increasingly commonplace but there is limited evidence around its effects on injury, recovery, and performance. It is unclear whether this uncertainty influences player management strategies in professional clubs. Objectives: To understand how professional rugby union clubs in England approach player management for artificial turf, to explore how the beliefs of medical and strength/conditioning staff influence these decisions, and to determine whether differences exist between clubs with different levels of exposure to artificial surfaces. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional mixed methods study. Twenty-three medical and strength/conditioning staff members from 12 English Premiership Rugby Union clubs completed two bespoke questionnaires and participated in a semi-structured interview. Results: Two-thirds of the participants described formal club-level approaches to artificial turf. All participants from low- exposure clubs (<50% training and match time on artificial pitches) reported adjusting player recovery strategies following games on artificial turf to mitigate elevated muscle soreness and fatigue. Clubs with artificial surfaces at their home venues were less likely to adapt recovery than clubs with natural turf pitches. Regardless of exposure participants believed switching between surface types was a risk factor for injury. Medics reported that acute injuries associated with artificial turf exposure typically occurred at the foot or ankle, whereas abrasions and overuse injuries were more common and often affected the knees, hips and lower back. Players with compromised joints were less likely to be selected for matches on artificial surfaces. Conclusion: Player management around artificial turf is a focus for staff at professional rugby union clubs. Club practices vary by exposure and may consequently influence injury risk estimates.

Effect of the structural changes on the mechanical properties of the sintered films

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 4141-4144
Author(s):  
Garima Jain
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Investigation ◽  
Energy Gap ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Metal Chalcogenides ◽  
Optical Energy Gap ◽  
Tin Telluride ◽  
Physical Quantities

Polycrystalline films of tin telluride were prepared by sintering technique. The structural investigation of the films with different thicknesses enables to determine lattice parameter, crystallite size and strain existing in the films. The XRD traces showed that strain was tensile in nature. The crystallite size increases with thickness while strain decreases. Higher the value of tensile strain, larger is the lattice constant. The optical energy gap shows a descending nature with increasing strain and so with the lattice constant. Such an attempt made to delve into interdependence of basic physical quantities helps to explore the properties of SnTe and utilize it as an alternative to heavy metal chalcogenides in various technological applications.  

scholarly journals Solution Properties of Synthetic Polypetides. VII. Approximate Expressions for Important Physical Quantities of Polypeptide Molecules

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akio Teramoto ◽  
Takashi Norisuye ◽  
Hiroshi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Solution Properties ◽  
Approximate Expressions ◽  
Physical Quantities

Exact nonlinear wave solutions of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations in a sheared magnetic field

1990 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromitsu Hamabata
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Incompressible Fluid ◽  
Large Amplitude ◽  
Uniform Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetohydrodynamic Equations ◽  
Wave Solutions ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Equations ◽  
Physical Quantities ◽  
Nonlinear Wave Solutions

Exact wave solutions of the nonlinear jnagnetohydrodynamic equations for a highly conducting incompressible fluid are obtained for the cases where the physical quantities are independent of one Cartesian co-ordina.te and for where they vary three-dimensionally but both the streamlines and magnetic field lines lie in parallel planes. It is shown that there is a class of exact wave solutions with large amplitude propagating in a straight but non-uniform magnetic field with constant or non-uniform velocity.

scholarly journals Disformal transformation of physical quantities associated with relativistic stars

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Minamitsuji
Keyword(s):  
Relativistic Stars ◽  
Physical Quantities

scholarly journals Influence of the artificial turf certification on physical performance and muscle damage in football players (QUALTURF PROJECT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Sanchez-Sanchez ◽  
Jose Luis Felipe ◽  
Antonio Hernandez-Martin ◽  
David Viejo-Romero ◽  
Vicente Javier Clemente-Suarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Artificial Turf ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Football Team ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Simulated Match

AbstractThis study aimed to analyse the influence of the FIFA Quality PRO certification of artificial turf pitches on the physical, physiological performance and muscle damage in soccer players. Fifteen healthy male players (21.2 ± 1.4 years; 178.2 ± 4.3 cm; 79.1 ± 8.3 kg) from a university football team were selected to participate in the research. Mechanical properties related to surface–player interaction were assessed on the two surfaces selected for this study. A randomized design was used and the players performed the Ball-sport Endurance and Sprint Test (BEAST90) on the different artificial turf fields. Average time of the 20 m sprints was longer on the FIFA Quality Pro surface than on the non-certified pitch (+ 0.13 s; p < 0.05; CI 95% − 0.01 to 0.27; ES: 0.305). The players’ perceived effort was higher in the first (+ 2.64; p < 0.05; CI 95% 0.92 to 4.35; ES: 1.421) and the second half (+ 1.35; p < 0.05; CI 95% − 0.02 to 2.72; ES: 0.637) of the test on the FIFA Quality Pro field. Comparative analysis between surfaces showed no significant differences in the time spent in each of the heart rate zones and higher concentrations of CK (+ 196.58; p > 0.05; CI 95% 66.54 to 326.61; ES: 1.645) were evidenced in the non-certified pitch surface. In response to a simulated match protocol, markers of post-exercise muscle damage may be reduced on accredited artificial turf fields. These insights can provide the opportunity to maximize the efficiency of training sessions and reduce the risk of injury during the season.

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