LANGUAGE DISORDERS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN: ARABIC-SPEAKING PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN IN FOCUS

The study plans to analyze diagnoses and treatments to language disorders among Arabic-speaking children. The paper regards language disorder as a major problem facing under-aged children in many Arab societies. Since human communication is incomplete without language, there is a need to identify the treatment and diagnosis of language disorder on Arab pre-school children residing in Terengganu, Malaysia. As such, the study examines language disorder among Arabic-speaking minors during early-stage development and explores its influences in Arab-communities. The study highlights methods of healing under-aged children that fall under this category. A total of 50 participants aged between 3-5 years were used for the sampling method. Standardized assessment tools were purposefully applied to differentiate articulation from language disorder, and fluency and speech turmoil were recognized. The result indicates that language disorder is uncontrollable for minors, most especially, in the absence of counseling services. Hence, the current study complements the previous studies on language disorder by highlighting diagnosis, treatments, and services available for victims of language disorder.

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Nonword Repetition Skills in Gulf Arabic–Speaking Children With Developmental Language Disorder

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (11) ◽

pp. 3700-3713

Author(s):

Saleh Shaalan

Keyword(s):

Phonological Processing ◽

Language Disorder ◽

Nonword Repetition ◽

School Age Children ◽

Typically Developing ◽

Developmental Language Disorder ◽

Gulf Arabic ◽

Arabic Speaking ◽

Phonological Complexity

Purpose This study examined the performance of Gulf Arabic–speaking children with developmental language disorder (DLD) on a Gulf Arabic nonword repetition (GA-NWR) test and compared it to their age- and language-matched groups. We also investigated the role of syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity in light of NWR theories. Method A new GA-NWR test was conducted with three groups of Gulf Arabic–speaking children: school-age children with DLD, language-matched controls (LCs), and age-matched controls (ACs). The test consisted of two- and three-syllable words that either had no clusters, medial clusters, final clusters, or medial + final clusters. Results The GA-NWR distinguished between the performance of children with DLD and the LC and AC groups. Results showed significant syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity effects. Differences between the DLD and typically developing groups were seen in two- and three-syllable nonwords; however, when compared on nonwords with no clusters, children with DLD were not significantly different from the LC group. Conclusions The GA-NWR test differentiated between children with DLD and their ACs and LCs. Findings, therefore, support its clinical utility in this variety of Arabic. Results showed that phonological processing factors, such as phonological complexity, may have stronger effects when compared to syllable length effects. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12996812

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A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups ◽

10.1044/2019_pers-sig1-2019-0007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Laurence B. Leonard

Keyword(s):

Language Impairment ◽

Specific Language Impairment ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Language Disorder ◽

Language Disorders ◽

Unknown Origin ◽

Developmental Language Disorder ◽

The Past ◽

History Of ◽

The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

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A journey to improve Arabic‐speaking young peoples’ access to psychological assessment tools: It’s not just Google translate!

Counselling and Psychotherapy Research ◽

10.1002/capr.12431 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sulafa Yassin ◽

Chris Evans

Keyword(s):

Psychological Assessment ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Arabic Speaking

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Insights from an early stage development mixed methods study on arts-based interventions for older adults following hospitalisation

Complementary Therapies in Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102745 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102745

Author(s):

Amanda M. Clifford ◽

Joanne Shanahan ◽

Hilary Moss ◽

Triona Cleary ◽

Morgan Senter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Early Stage ◽

Mixed Methods Study ◽

Stage Development

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LIMITED AVAILABILITY IN CROWDFUNDING PROJECTS – GUARANTEE FOR PROFITABILITY?

Eurasian Journal of Economics and Finance ◽

10.15604/ejef.2020.08.04.005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 246-260

Author(s):

Alexander Fox ◽

◽

Jana Neuland ◽

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Impact Factors ◽

Alternative Form ◽

Special Focus ◽

Limited Availability ◽

Project Description ◽

Database Technology ◽

Stage Development ◽

The Impact ◽

Analyze Data

Scarcity is an instrument that is often used in crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is an alternative form of financing, especially for entrepreneurs in the early-stage development phase. This paper deals with the characteristics of profitable crowdfunding projects. Hereby, we examine the impact factors of crowdfunding’s profitability, with a special focus on limited availability (scarcity), depth of project description and the size of pledging goals as follows. Therefore, we analyze data from kickstarter.com, one of the world’s largest crowdfunding platforms, and used 494 projects and 4,224 pledge levels from the broad category technology as our database. Technology projects lend themselves particularly well to the study, as they usually contain the project result as a tangible return, thus facilitating or even enabling the monetary evaluation of the success in contrast to, for example, cultural projects. Hence, our sample includes 32% of pledge levels with limited availability. We provide empirical evidence that the limited availability in the crowdfunding projects in terms of scarcity management is positively related to the profitability of the included pledge levels. We conclude that crowdfunding projects with limited availability on pledge levels are more profitable for investors.

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Early Stage Development Of Geography Modules Of Design-Based Planning In The Study Program Of Education Geography STKIP PGRI West Sumatera

Pancaran Pendidikan ◽

10.25037/pancaran.v6i4.113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Yusutria Yusutria ◽

Nefilinda Nefilinda

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Study Program ◽

Development Study ◽

The Public ◽

Faith Based ◽

Initial Validation ◽

Lecture Material ◽

Stage Development

The purpose of this research is to develop a faith-based disaster geography module. The module is one source of learning for students, which can facilitate students to get information and easy to apply to the public, so it can be instrumental in facing disaster. The development study used a 4D model involving three steps namely: define, design, and develop. The instruments used are validation, activities and interviews. The define phase showed that the geography lecture material of disaster is in conformity with the standards of competence and achievement lecture. The results showed that the design module validation is valid enough according to the criteria and many improvements. However, the results described here is an initial validation, and therefore still need to be validated by disaster experts, educational experts and Indonesian language experts.

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Dysphagia bedside evaluatation in adults with nasogastric tube

Slauga. Mokslas ir praktika ◽

10.47458/2021.2.8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (5 (293)) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Saulė Grigaliūnaitė ◽

Rita Kantanavičiūtė-Petružė

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Analysis ◽

Nasogastric Tube ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

Early Stage ◽

Voice Quality ◽

Swallowing Disorders ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Swallowing Function ◽

Oral Control ◽

Adult Swallowing

The theoretical analysis of scientific literature sources and practice show that standardized adult assessment tools for the evaluation of adult swallowing disorders and readiness for withdrawal of the nasogastric tube (NGZ) are not uniformly used in Lithuanian health care institutions. The theoretical analysis of the assessment of swallowing disorders in adults fed by NGZ in the article showed that in the early stage of the disorder, examinations that are performed in the patient's ward and do not require radiological evaluation are sufficiently accurate. The aim of the study is to reveal the tools and methodologies for the evaluation of swallowing disorders in adults fed by NGZ in the patient's ward during the acute period of the disease. After the theoretical analysis of scientific literature sources, it can be stated that: enteral feeding improves feeding quality, but it restricts patient's movements, complicates communication, induces isolation; accurate assessment of dysphagia can be made by performing a swallowing sample in the patient’s ward; assessment of swallowing function takes into account masticatory muscle function, movements of lips, tongue and soft palate, swallowing, cough and gag reflex, oral control, oral residue, voice quality after swallowing and aspiration risk.

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Socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with prevalence of developmental language disorders, but not rate of language or literacy growth in children from 4 to 11 years: evidence from the Surrey Communication and Language in Education Study (SCALES)

10.31234/osf.io/nyv7z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Courtenay Norbury ◽

Sarah Louise Griffiths ◽

George Vamvakas ◽

Gillian Baird ◽

Tony Charman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Language Proficiency ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Equation Models ◽

Word Reading ◽

Language Disorder ◽

Language Disorders ◽

Population Based ◽

Language And Literacy ◽

Developmental Language Disorders

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the changing prevalence of developmental language disorders at different quintiles of the Income Deprivation Affecting Children Index (IDACI), a measure of neighbourhood deprivation. In addition, this study investigated the long term association of IDACI rank with growth in language and literacy skills for children with and without language disorder over a six year period.Design. Prospective, population-based, longitudinal cohort study.Setting. State-maintained primary schools in Surrey, England.Participants and procedure. Teachers rated the language skills of 7267 children starting a state-maintained school in 2011 (aged 4;9-5;10, 59% of all eligible children). Comprehensive language and literacy assessment was conducted with a monolingual sub-sample in Year 1 (n = 529, age 5-6), Year 3 (n = 499, age 7-8), and Year 6 (n = 384, age 10-11).Analytic methods. Logistic regression determined the association of IDACI scores and teacher-rated language proficiency. Structural Equation Models using auxiliary variables estimated the association of IDACI and prevalence of developmental Language Disorder (LD) in Year 1, and IDACI and language and literacy growth from Years 1 – 6.Results. Predicted probability of language disorder was 2.5 times greater at the 10th centile of IDACI rank (.19 [.11, .27]) versus the 90th centile (.07 [.04, .09]). IDACI rank did not associate with growth in raw scores on measures of vocabulary, grammar, or word reading. Socioeconomic gaps in vocabulary and grammar were ameliorated when language status at school entry was accounted for, but persisted for word reading. Conclusions. The association of neighbourhood disadvantage with language and literacy primarily reflects higher rates of language disorder in areas of socio-economic deprivation. Interventions that alleviate deprivation and enhance the language and literacy experiences of disadvantaged children could reduce socioeconomic attainment gaps. However, the persistence of language disorder suggests on-going support is required to attenuate personal and societal cost.

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