The War for Palestine

The events of 1948 mark the Palestinians' nakbah (catastrophe) and the Israelis' war of independence. The historiographies describing and analyzing these events have always been debated and contested. For instance, 1948 can be described as a founding element of Palestinian and Israeli iden tities respectively. A serious attempt to rewrite earlier historiography was introduced by the Israeli "new historians" in the 1980s. Based on documents and materials from recently opened Israeli archives, they set out to challenge Israel's founding myth and the lopsided description of the causes and events leading to the Palestinian refugee problem.The volume under review moves the rewriting a step further by attempting to take a fresh look at the Arab states' and the Palestinians' involvement in the development of the 1948 war. The editors suggest that it is possible, as well as necessary, to deconstruct the myths surrounding the Arab armies' defeat in 1948 by finding its causes in the Arab states' political situation and with each one's internal situation. The introduction explains the need for such a rewriting process and points out that much needs to be done, especially regarding the historiography of Arab states that stil I draw some of their legitimacy from their historical myths, often related to the 1948 war. Similarly, the Arab states' support for the Palestinians and their cause, as well as their participation in the 1948 war (to save Palestine), are almost always presented as interdependent and an example of high moral commitment. Opening Arab archives (civil and military) of this period seems to be a dream of historians, rather than a realistic expectation, for the near future. Thus, the introduction concludes that much research in support of this critical tradition has yet to be done ...

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Ben-Gurion and the Palestinian Refugees

Israeli Studies Review ◽

10.3167/isr.2020.350104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 37-55

Author(s):

Yossi Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Prime Minister ◽

Dynamic Nature ◽

Palestinian Refugees ◽

War Of Independence ◽

Palestinian Refugee ◽

Arab States ◽

Refugee Problem ◽

Over Time

A prominent aspect of the Jewish-Arab conflict over Palestine has been the Palestinian ‘catastrophe’ or ‘Nakba’—the displacement of some 750,000 Palestinians during Israel’s War of Independence. David Ben-Gurion, the Yishuv’s pre-state leader and Israel’s first prime minister, was an influential figure in this process. This article investigates Ben-Gurion’s attitude toward the Palestinian refugee problem, highlighting its dynamic nature and its linkage to military developments. Contrary to the conclusions of previous research, only after the Arab states’ invasion and the war’s expansion in late May and early June 1948 did Ben-Gurion decide to oppose the refugees’ return. Undeterred by his own ethical misgivings and international efforts to secure repatriation, his view was reinforced over time, as Israel’s victories on the battlefield became unequivocal.

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21. Israeli–Egyptian (in)security

Foreign Policy ◽

10.1093/hepl/9780198708902.003.0021 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Gareth Stansfield

Keyword(s):

Foreign Policy ◽

Peace Process ◽

Policy Perspective ◽

Yom Kippur War ◽

War Of Independence ◽

Relative Normalization ◽

Arab States ◽

Six Day War ◽

Yom Kippur ◽

Arab Israeli Conflict

This chapter examines the Yom Kippur War of 1973 from a foreign policy perspective. It first provides a background on the Arab–Israeli Conflict that began in 1948 with the War of Independence, followed by the Suez Conflict in 1956 and the Six-Day War in 1967, and culminated in the Yom Kippur War. It then considers the Egyptian build-up to war in 1973 and why Egypt attacked Israel, as well as the peace process that eventually settled the conflict between the two countries via the Camp David Accords. It also analyses the relative normalization of the Egyptian–Israeli relations and the effective breaking of Egypt’s alliance with other Arab states opposed to the existence of Israel. It concludes with an assessment of the aftermath of the Yom Kippur War and the rapprochement between Egypt and Israel.

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Discovering the Palestinian Refugee Paradox in Lebanon

Carleton Review of International Affairs ◽

10.22215/cria.v3i0.122 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Carol Stephan

Keyword(s):

Economic Benefit ◽

Living Conditions ◽

Legal Responsibility ◽

Arab Nationalism ◽

Palestinian Refugees ◽

Refugee Law ◽

Palestinian Refugee ◽

Arab States

This paper will attempt to analyze why Lebanon accepts so many refugees instead of initially denying them asylum since Lebanon’s refugee law reflects the country’s unwillingness to integrate refugees into its citizenry. It focuses on the case of Palestinian refugees in Lebanon and argues that Lebanon’s historical relations with Palestine and the Arab states, and its economic benefit from the refugees play a more powerful role than the country’s feeling of legal responsibility for granting these refugees asylum. The paper is divided into two sections; the first examines Lebanon’s refugee law and its consequences on the living conditions of refugees in Lebanon. The second section assesses the role of Arab nationalism and the economic benefit from refugees on influencing Lebanon to grant refugees asylum.

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Spectrophotometric reductions with an IBM 1620

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900053328 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 116-117

Author(s):

P.-I. Eriksson

Keyword(s):

Astronomical Data ◽

Spectrophotometric Data ◽

Electronic Computers ◽

The University ◽

Near Future

Nowadays more and more of the reductions of astronomical data are made with electronic computers. As we in Uppsala have an IBM 1620 at the University, we have taken it to our help with reductions of spectrophotometric data. Here I will briefly explain how we use it now and how we want to use it in the near future.

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Recent developments in automated Transmission Electron MI

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152203 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 46-47

Author(s):

W.J. de Ruijter ◽

P. Rez ◽

David J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Computer Image ◽

Lens Design ◽

Computer Image Analysis ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Recent Developments ◽

On Line ◽

Routine Procedures ◽

Near Future

There is growing interest in the on-line use of computers in high-resolution electron n which should reduce the demands on highly skilled operators and thereby extend the r of the technique. An on-line computer could obviously perform routine procedures hand, or else facilitate automation of various restoration, reconstruction and enhan These techniques are slow and cumbersome at present because of the need for cai micrographs and off-line processing. In low resolution microscopy (most biologic; primary incentive for automation and computer image analysis is to create a instrument, with standard programmed procedures. In HREM (materials researc computer image analysis should lead to better utilization of the microscope. Instru (improved lens design and higher accelerating voltages) have improved the interpretab the level of atomic dimensions (approximately 1.6 Å) and instrumental resolutior should become feasible in the near future.

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DNA methylation in satellite repeats disorders

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/ebc20190028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 757-771 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Claire Francastel ◽

Frédérique Magdinier

Keyword(s):

Dna Methylation ◽

Human Genome ◽

Repetitive Dna ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Satellite Repeats ◽

Tremendous Progress ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Dna Elements ◽

Near Future

Abstract Despite the tremendous progress made in recent years in assembling the human genome, tandemly repeated DNA elements remain poorly characterized. These sequences account for the vast majority of methylated sites in the human genome and their methylated state is necessary for this repetitive DNA to function properly and to maintain genome integrity. Furthermore, recent advances highlight the emerging role of these sequences in regulating the functions of the human genome and its variability during evolution, among individuals, or in disease susceptibility. In addition, a number of inherited rare diseases are directly linked to the alteration of some of these repetitive DNA sequences, either through changes in the organization or size of the tandem repeat arrays or through mutations in genes encoding chromatin modifiers involved in the epigenetic regulation of these elements. Although largely overlooked so far in the functional annotation of the human genome, satellite elements play key roles in its architectural and topological organization. This includes functions as boundary elements delimitating functional domains or assembly of repressive nuclear compartments, with local or distal impact on gene expression. Thus, the consideration of satellite repeats organization and their associated epigenetic landmarks, including DNA methylation (DNAme), will become unavoidable in the near future to fully decipher human phenotypes and associated diseases.

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