scholarly journals Evaluation Methods of Motor-and-Tractor Diesel Engines Operating Conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Б.С. Антропов ◽  
В.В. Капралов ◽  
В.В. Гумённый ◽  
В.А. Генералов
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Total Fuel Consumption ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Engine Operating Condition ◽  
Tractor Diesel

При выборе метода оценки условий эксплуатации автотракторных дизельных двигателей необходимо учитывать, среди прочих факторов, наиболее часто используемые фазы движения конкретного автомобиля, от которых зависит режим работы двигателя. В статье предложены критерии качественной оценки условий эксплуатации для различных транспортных средств. Для оценки «тяжести» условий эксплуатации тракторов при выполнении различных сельскохозяйственных работ (пахота, боронование, посев и др.) целесообразно учитывать средний эксплуатационный расход топлива. В этом случае указанный параметр определяется отношением общего расхода топлива в литрах к общему времени выполнения трактором конкретной работы в часах. Для автобусов, работающих на маршрутах «Ярославль – центры муниципальных образований», как и для аналогичных перевозок в других регионах нашей страны, рассматриваемый параметр малоинформативен. Здесь для оценки их условий эксплуатации имеет смысл использовать коэффициент КS – количество остановок, приходящееся на один километр маршрута. Для автопредприятий, осуществляющих перевозки пассажиров по указанным маршрутам, рекомендуется проводить плановую ротацию автобусов по маршрутам согласно составленному графику, что позволит усреднить показатели надёжности узлов и агрегатов автобусов (неисправности и отказы) до их капитального ремонта. When choosing a method for assessing the operating conditions of diesel motor engines, it is necessary to take into account, among other factors, the most commonly used phases of movement of a particular vehicle on which engine operating condition depends. The article proposes criteria for the qualitative assessment of operating conditions for various vehicles. It is advisable to take into account the average operational fuel consumption in order to assess the "heaviness" of tractor operation conditions when doing various agricultural works (plowing, harrowing, sowing, etc.). In this case, specified parameter is determined by the ratio of the total fuel consumption in liters to the total tractor time of the particular operation in hours. For buses operating on the routes "Yaroslavl – centers of municipalities", as for similar transportation in other regions of our country, the parameter under consideration is not informative. Here, to evaluate their operating conditions, it makes sense to use the KS coefficient – the number of stops per kilometer of the route. For automobile companies carrying out passenger transportation along the indicated routes, it is recommended to carry out a planned rotation of buses along the routes according to the made up schedule, which will allow averaging the individual reliability of bus assemblies (faults and failures) before their general overhaul.

Marine Gas Turbine Performance Model for More Electric Ships

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Koutsothanasis ◽  
Anestis I. Kalfas ◽  
Georgios Doulgeris
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Hull Fouling ◽  
Turbine Performance

This paper presents the benefits of the more electric vessels powered by hybrid engines and investigates the suitability of a particular prime-mover for a specific ship type using a simulation environment which can approach the actual operating conditions. The performance of a mega yacht (70m), powered by two 4.5MW recuperated gas turbines is examined in different voyage scenarios. The analysis is accomplished for a variety of weather and hull fouling conditions using a marine gas turbine performance software which is constituted by six modules based on analytical methods. In the present study, the marine simulation model is used to predict the fuel consumption and emission levels for various conditions of sea state, ambient and sea temperatures and hull fouling profiles. In addition, using the aforementioned parameters, the variation of engine and propeller efficiency can be estimated. Finally, the software is coupled to a creep life prediction tool, able to calculate the consumption of creep life of the high pressure turbine blading for the predefined missions. The results of the performance analysis show that a mega yacht powered by gas turbines can have comparable fuel consumption with the same vessel powered by high speed Diesel engines in the range of 10MW. In such Integrated Full Electric Propulsion (IFEP) environment the gas turbine provides a comprehensive candidate as a prime mover, mainly due to its compactness being highly valued in such application and its eco-friendly operation. The simulation of different voyage cases shows that cleaning the hull of the vessel, the fuel consumption reduces up to 16%. The benefit of the clean hull becomes even greater when adverse weather condition is considered. Additionally, the specific mega yacht when powered by two 4.2MW Diesel engines has a cruising speed of 15 knots with an average fuel consumption of 10.5 [tonne/day]. The same ship powered by two 4.5MW gas turbines has a cruising speed of 22 knots which means that a journey can be completed 31.8% faster, which reduces impressively the total steaming time. However the gas turbine powered yacht consumes 9 [tonne/day] more fuel. Considering the above, Gas Turbine looks to be the only solution which fulfills the next generation sophisticated high powered ship engine requirements.

scholarly journals Research on the Energy Efficiency Indicators of Transport Diesel Engines under Transient Operation Conditions

Pomorstvo ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergejus LebedevasPaulius ◽  
Paulius Rapalis ◽  
Rima Mickevicienė
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Mechanical Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Power Increase ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Additional Equipment

In this study, we have investigated the efficiency of transport diesel engines CAT3512B-HD in transient braking and acceleration modes in 2M62M locomotives. A comparative analysis of the diesel engine performance has been performed at speeds of power increase and braking ranging from 4–5 kW/s to 17–18 kW/s. A decrease in the fuel economy occurred, and the main reason for it (compared with the steady-state operating condition at qcycl = idem) has been found to be the deterioration of the mechanical efficiency coefficient due to the loss of the additional equipment kinetic energy of the engine. The efficiency decreased by 3–3.5% under power increase operations and by 10–14% in the braking modes. The original methodology for the evaluation of the diesel engine parameters registered by the engine control units (ECU) in the engine operating conditions, mathematical modelling application AVL BOOST, and analytical summaries in artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used. The errors in the obtained results have been 5–8% at a determination coefficient of 0.97–0.99.

scholarly journals Working performances of carrot root extraction machines

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Stjepan Sito ◽  
Vlado Kušec ◽  
Tatjana Glogovšek ◽  
Krešimir Ciler ◽  
Natalija Brečko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Root Extraction ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Working Performance

This paper presents results of field measurements of working performance and fuel consumption evaluation in various operating conditions. Three versions of carrot extraction machines (Dewulf, Europa 2000 and Asa lift) at three locations and two varieties of carrots (Maestro F1 and Mello Yello F1) was. In optimum soil conditions, fuel consumption ranged from 8.4 to 12.5 L/ha, while in heavy operation conditions for extraction machines fuel consumption increased significantly for 65%. The performance of carrot extraction in optimal soil conditions was on average between 3-4 t/ha. In unfavorable soil conditions (soil sodden, mud or too dry soil) working effects up to 70% and this has direct negative consequences on the overall carrots production costs.

scholarly journals A Analisis Kinerja Pembangkit Listrik Dual-Fuel Berbasis Gasifikasi Municipal Solid Waste

Jurnal METTEK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
I Gede Suparsa Adnyana ◽  
Gusti Bagus Wijaya Kusuma ◽  
I Gusti Agung Kade Suriadi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Load Ratio ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Mixed Biomass ◽  
Total Fuel Consumption ◽  
Electrical Loads

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh dual-fuel hasil gasifikasi bahan bakar biomasa terhadap daya keluaran pada mesin diesel kapasitas 40 kW. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aliran gas hasil gasifikasi biomasa sampah campuran perkotaan terhadap daya keluaran pada mesin diesel kapasitas 40 kW. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan mengukur laju udara pembakaran bukaan 0 %, 50 % dan 100%, laju alir syngas, konsumsi bahan bakar spesifik, daya yang dihasilkan dan beban listrik yang diberikan 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%. Data menunjukan bahwa penggunaan, dual-fuel menghasilkan daya keluaran yang lebih besar dibandingkan dan juga mengurangi penggunaan solar sebesar 53.25% dibandingkan single-fuel. Sedangkan dengan membandingkan konsumsi bahan bakar total antara Bukaan Penuh dan Setengah, Bukaan Setengah untuk menghasilkan daya yang sama dengan Bukaan Penuh pada rasio beban 100% yaitu 36.6 kW perlu melakukan pengoperasian lebih banyak 3.05 kali namun mampu mengurangi konsumsi bahan bakar total sejumlah 5.835 kg/Jam. Research on the effect of dual-fuel biomass fuel gasification results on the output power of diesel engines with a capacity of 40 kW. This study aims to determine the effect of gas flow from urban mixed biomass gasification results on the output power of diesel engines with a capacity of 40 kW. Measurements were made by measuring the open air combustion rate of 0%, 50% and 100%, syngas flow rate, specific fuel consumption, power generated and electrical loads given 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50 %, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%. Data shows that the use of dual-fuel produces greater output power and also reduces diesel fuel use by 53.25% compared to single-fuel. Whereas by comparing the total fuel consumption between Full and Half Openings, Half Openings to produce the same power as Full Openings at a load ratio of 100%, which is 36.6 kW, it needs to do more operation 3.05 times but is able to reduce the total fuel consumption by 5,835 kg / hour .

scholarly journals Investigation of operating modes of tractor diesel engines in real operating conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.A. Shekikhachev ◽  
◽  
V.I. Batyrov ◽  
R.A. Balkarov ◽  
L.Z. Shekikhacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Tractor Diesel

scholarly journals Methods of Measuring Over-Piston Clearances of Automotive Diesel Engines in Operating Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Б.С. Антропов ◽  
В.В. Капралов ◽  
В.В. Гуменный ◽  
В.А. Генералов
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Central Hole ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Structural Measures ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Gas Tight ◽  
Hole Axis

На современных автомобильных дизельных двигателях предусмотрены конструктивные мероприятия, позволяющие выдерживать оптимальные надпоршневые зазоры в цилиндрах при их сборке на заводе-изготовителе. На двигателях отечественного производства зазоры достигаются разбивкой поршней на группы, в зависимости от размера между осью отверстия и днищем поршня, а также применением стальных прокладок газового стыка различной толщины. В процессе эксплуатации, при ремонте двигателей ЯМЗ и КамАЗ, в большинстве случаев указанные зазоры не выдерживаются в оптимальных пределах из-за отсутствия информации о методах их замеров. Это обстоятельство в конечном итоге приводит к тому, что двигатели после ремонта имеют повышенные расход топлива и дымность отработавших газов. Рассмотрены простые и нетрудоёмкие методы определения надпоршневых зазоров и способы их регулирования для достижения оптимальных значений, рекомендуемых заводами-изготовителями. Structural measures that can withstand optimal piston clearance in the cylinders when they are assembled at the manufacturing factory are provided on modern automotive diesel engines. On engines of domestic manufacture clearances are achieved by breaking down the pistons into groups depending on the size between the central hole axis and the piston top and also using steel gaskets of the gas-tight joint of various thicknesses. During operation and the repairing of Yaroslavl Engine Plant and KamAZ engines in most cases these clearances are not maintained within optimal limits due to the lack of information about the methods of their measurements. This circumstance in the last analysis leads to the fact that the engines after repair have increased fuel consumption and smoking at the exhaust. Simple and labor saving methods for determining the over-piston clearances and methods for their regulation to achieve optimal values recommended by manufacturing factories are considered.

Improving pre-turbine selective catalytic reduction systems in marine two-stroke diesel engines using hybrid turbocharging: A numerical study of selective catalytic reduction operation range and system fuel efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-474
Author(s):  
Jørgen Bremnes Nielsen ◽  
Kevin Koosup Yum ◽  
Eilif Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Selective Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Load Range ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Reduction Operation ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
System Solution

In this article, a performance evaluation of a novel system solution combining a hybrid turbocharger and a pre-turbine selective catalytic NOx reduction system is carried out. Pre-turbine selective catalytic system are used with marine two-stroke diesel engines to comply with International Maritime Organization Tier III. The system solution focuses on expanding the selective catalytic reduction operation range which is limited by fuel sulphur content by increasing exhaust temperature at low engine loads. The extended operation range is to be achieved while minimizing any fuel consumption penalties. Increasing the operation range brings improvements to emission levels during manoeuvring operations which are often carried out close to populated areas. It also provides flexibility by enabling emission reduction during slow steaming operations in which mitigating fuel consumption penalties is paramount. In addition to system evaluation in still water conditions, furthermore evaluations have been carried out taking into consideration the effect of waves on the system performance. Investigating the effect of operating in waves bring additional insight that is relevant for predicting performance in operational conditions. Analysis of the system solution found that improvements in selective catalytic reduction operation range can be achieved while also improving fuel consumption. Fuel consumption is significantly improved in the high load range. Effect of realistic operation conditions where found to affect performance; however, significant effects are only found for harsh sea states in the load range below the design point.

Designing Turbochargers With an Integrated Design System

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuwen Qiu ◽  
Carl F. Fredriksson ◽  
Nicholas C. Baines ◽  
Markus Backlund
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Level ◽  
Design System ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Final Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Engine Operating Condition

One of the more visible tasks when designing a turbocharger is the optimized design for a compressor and a turbine. The ultimate measure of a successful turbocharger design, however, is how well it works with a specific engine at various operating conditions. Final design decisions must be based on the engine-turbocharger system as a whole, rather than only on the individual component performance. This paper describes the effort to develop an integrated design system which allows the user to design and optimize a turbocharger on a system level. With the basic engine parameters specified, along with simple models for other commonly used components, such as the Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), wastegate, and intercooler, the program may be linked to two powerful meanline programs that can handle the fast iterations of the design and analysis of a compressor and a turbine. The output is either a new compressor or turbine that best matches the operation of the engine or the performance of an existing turbocharger at a specific engine operating condition. A case study is presented where the program is applied in a real-life design situation to fit a new turbocharger for a large locomotive 18-cylinder diesel engine. The tool is extensively used in guiding the selection of the turbocharger and in the simulation of the overall system performance. The test data from the new design show close agreement with the simulation results, as well as an improvement over the original design.

Development of an Aggregate Fuel Consumption Model for Signalized Intersections

1998 ◽  
Vol 1641 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai-Yun Liao ◽  
Randy B. Machemehl
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Aggregate Model ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Total Fuel Consumption ◽  
Consumption Model

An aggregate model to estimate intersection fuel consumption is developed, and the effects of signal timing on fuel consumption are investigated. A conceptual framework is proposed to identify interrelationships among traffic characteristics, signal control strategies, and roadway geometric conditions. On the basis of the framework, an Analytical Fuel Consumption Model (AFCM) is developed to estimate fuel consumption at signalized intersections. The AFCM, based on considerations of vehicle operating conditions, describes how fuel is consumed on three street segments (inbound approach, intersection itself, and outbound leg) for three signal cycle stages (the effective red time, queue departure time t0, and remaining green time). Numerical experiments are conducted to test the AFCM estimation capability and to investigate the effects of signal timing on fuel consumption. Results of numerical experiments are compared with results from the TEXAS simulation model using two criteria: differences of total fuel consumption and correlation coefficients of elapsed fuel consumption. Results from the TEXAS model are within 10 percent of those from the AFCM, and the elapsed fuel consumption is highly correlated. This indicates that total fuel consumption estimated from the AFCM is very close to the results from the TEXAS model, which suggests that the mathematical representations of the AFCM might be used to replace the simulation-based model. Moreover, the results from these experiments indicate that total fuel consumption with respect to signal cycle time at signalized intersections possesses a convex pattern, and the optimal cycle length for minimization of fuel consumption can be obtained.

Macroscopic Relationship between Traffic Condition and Fuel Consumption for an Urban Road Network: Case Study of Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 604-615
Author(s):  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
Guohua Song ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Hongyu Lu ◽  
Jianping Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Urban Road Network ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Total Fuel Consumption

The waste of fuel causing by traffic congestion is a challenge faced by urban traffic management authorities and travelers. At the same time, massive traffic data allows high-resolution understanding of on-road operating conditions. The development of an algorithm to estimate total fuel consumption from primary traffic condition indices, for example, network average speed, will simplify the evaluation of fuel consumption from the management perspective and guide strategy at the local area level. The objective of this study is to develop a macroscopic relationship between total fuel consumption and the network average speed for an urban road network. Floating car data (FCD) covering 13 weekdays was collected in the field in Beijing, China. FCD from 10 ordinary weekdays are used to develop a quantitative model to define the macroscopic relationship between total fuel consumption and network average speed. The model is then validated by the FCD of the other three weekdays when the traffic demand is low. The average of the resultant absolute relative errors from the validation is found to be 4.65%, which indicates a reasonably high reliability of the developed model under various traffic conditions. The facility- and speed-specific distributions of vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT) are analyzed to explain the macroscopic relationship. The result indicates that the link VKT distribution at different speeds varies greatly when the traffic became congested on expressways. The link VKT distributions are similar for different traffic conditions on arterials and collectors.

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