scholarly journals PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PENCEGAHAN STUNTING DI KECAMATAN BUNAKEN KOTA MANADO PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Jean Fanny Junita Timban ◽  
Ellen Grace Tangkere ◽  
Jelly Ribka Danaly Lumingkewas
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The World ◽  
In Pregnancy

Stunting in under-five children is a reduced growth rate primarily caused by chronic undernutrition that leads to a child having height much less than is normal for age. This condition manifests mostly after two years old. The definition of stunting according to the World Health Organization (WHO) is for the "height for age" value to be less than two standard deviations of the WHO Child Growth Standards median. Indonesia has been plagued recently with stunting. In 2015, the World Bank indicates that stunting has cost 3 to 11 percent of the gross domestic product. Previous research works have documented that mothers play an important role in preventing stunting through antenatal care and child nursing. The objective of this study is to explore the role played by the mothers in Bunaken, Manado, in antenatal care and child nursing that prevent stunting. Samples are drawn using purposive sampling and data are analysis descriptively. The results show that the mothers’ roles include taking antenatal check up to four times during pregnancy, daily use of FE 90 pill, participating in pregnancy counseling and care, delivery by health professionals, attending integrated service post (posyandu), visiting health professionals for postnatal care, completing universal immunization on child over 12 months old, and participating in educational activities for under-five nursing and nutritional fulfillment at least once a month. Of these eight recorded roles, however, there are merely 20% mothers indicate they regularly taking part in pregnancy counseling and care. Furthermore, only one percent (n = 3) respondents that report they attending educational activities for under-five nursing and nutritional fulfillment.

Construction of the World Health Organization child growth standards: selection of methods for attained growth curves

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Borghi ◽  
M. de Onis ◽  
C. Garza ◽  
J. Van den Broeck ◽  
E. A. Frongillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals The prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among under-five children in South Sudan using the standardized monitoring and assessment of relief and transitions (SMART) methodology

BMC Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackline Kiarie ◽  
Sarah Karanja ◽  
Julius Busiri ◽  
Diana Mukami ◽  
Colleta Kiilu
Keyword(s):  
South Sudan ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Large Displacements ◽  
Younger Child ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Child Age

Abstract Background Conflict regions bear the heaviest brunt of food insecurity and undernutrition. South Sudan is one of the fragile countries following years of conflict that led to large displacements. Moderate to severe undernutrition among under-five children has been associated with elevated morbidity and mortality. This study, therefore, was conducted to assess the magnitude and factors influencing undernutrition (wasting, underweight and stunting) among children aged 6 to 59 months in Yambio County, South Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 26 October to 6 November 2018 in Yambio County, South Sudan among 630 children aged 6–59 months from the 348 households surveyed in 39 clusters using two-stage cluster sampling design. Data were collected using questionnaires and nutritional anthropometric measurements. The Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions (SMART) Methodology was followed to obtain the prevalence of wasting, underweight and stunting based on respective z scores and according to the 2006 world health organization child growth standards. Data were exported to Stata version 16 for further analysis. Bivariate analysis of independent variables and undernutrition was done using binary logistic regression. Mixed effects logistic regression analysis was conducted to control for possible confounders and account for random effects at household and cluster levels. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (cOR and aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-values were computed. P-values of ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of undernutrition explained by wasting (weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) < − 2), underweight (weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) < − 2) and stunting (height-for-age z-scores (WHZ) < − 2) were 2.3% (1.3–4.1, 95% CI), 4.8% (3.1–7.5, 95% CI) and 23.8% (19.1–29.2, 95% CI). Male sex (aOR [95% CI], p-value: 5.6 [1.10–30.04], p = 0.038), older child’s age (aOR [95% CI], p-value: 30.4 [2.65–347.60], p = 0.006) and non-residents (cOR [95% CI], p-value: 4.2 [1.4–12.2] p = 0.009) were associated with increased risk of wasting. Household size (cOR [95% CI], p-value: 1.09 [1.01–1.18] p = 0.029) and younger child age (cOR [95% CI], p-value: 4.2 [1.34–13.23] p = 0.014) were significantly associated with underweight. Younger child age (aOR [95% CI], p-value: 5.4 [1.82–16.44] p = 0.003) and agricultural livelihood (aOR [95% CI], p-value: 3.4 [1.61–7.02] p = 0.001) were associated with stunting. Conclusion Based on a cut off of less than − 2 standard deviations for 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards, the wasting prevalence was very low, underweight prevalence was low while stunting prevalence was high. The county lies in the only livelihood region in South Sudan with bimodal reliable rainfall pattern and it seems that the impact of the 2016 conflicts that lead to large displacements may not have greatly affected under-five undernutrition. Interventions targeted at improving food diversity, increasing nutrition knowledge and enhancing resilience in male children might reduce undernutrition. In the short-term, investment in continued surveillance of nutritional status should be a main focus.

scholarly journals The Implications of Using the World Health Organization Child Growth Standards in Saudi Arabia

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad I. El Mouzan ◽  
Peter J. Foster ◽  
Abdullah S. Al Herbish ◽  
Abdullah A. Al Salloum ◽  
Ahmad A. Al Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Recomendações de equipamentos de proteção individual no combate ao COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (31) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Nicole Maria Miyamoto Bettini ◽  
Fabiana Tomé Ramos ◽  
Priscila Masquetto Vieira de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

A Organização Mundial da Saúde - OMS confirmou a circulação internacional do novo Coronavírus em janeiro de 2020, nomeando-o como COVID-19 e, declarando uma pandemia. É de extrema importância que durante a pandemia, os profissionais de saúde tenham acesso e conhecimento sobre o uso correto dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) e suas indicações, tomando assim, as devidas precauções na prevenção de infecções. O presente estudo buscou identificar a padronização mundial quanto ao uso dos EPIs utilizados no atendimento a pacientes suspeitos e/ou confirmados de COVID-19 no Brasil, EUA, China, Espanha, Itália e demais países europeus. Os guidelines apresentam a padronização quanto ao uso dos EPIs utilizados no atendimento a suspeitos e/ou confirmados de COVID-19, indo ao encontro das recomendações fornecidas pela OMS. Até o momento, o uso de EPIs é sem dúvida a estratégia mais importante e eficaz para proteger os profissionais de saúde durante a assistência ao paciente com COVID-19.Descritores: Infecções por Coronavírus, Equipamento de Proteção Individual, Pessoal de Saúde, Enfermagem. Recommendations for personal protective equipment to combat COVID-19Abstract: The World Health Organization - WHO confirmed the international circulation of the new Coronavirus in January 2020, naming it as COVID-19 and declaring a pandemic. It is extremely important that during the pandemic, health professionals have access and knowledge about the correct use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its indications, thus taking appropriate precautions to prevent infections. The present study sought to identify the worldwide standardization regarding the use of PPE utilized to take care of suspected and confirmed patients with COVID-19 in Brazil, USA, China, Spain, Italy and other European countries. The guidelines present a standardization regarding the use of PPE utilized to take care of suspected and confirmed with COVID-19, in line with the recommendations provided by WHO. To date, the use of PPE is undoubtedly the most important and effective strategy to protect healthcare professionals during care for patients with COVID-19.Descriptors: Coronavirus Infections, Personal Protective Equipment, Health Personnel, Nursing. Recomendaciones para el equipo de protección personal para combatir COVID-19Resumen: La Organización Mundial de la Salud - La OMS confirmó la circulación internacional del nuevo Coronavirus en enero de 2020, nombrándolo COVID-19 y declarando una pandemia. Es extremadamente importante que durante la pandemia, los profesionales de la salud tengan acceso y conocimiento sobre el uso correcto del Equipo de Protección Personal (EPP) y sus indicaciones, tomando así las precauciones adecuadas para prevenir infecciones. El presente estudio buscó identificar la estandarización mundial con respecto al uso de EPP utilizado para atender a pacientes sospechosos y/o confirmados con COVID-19 en Brasil, Estados Unidos, China, España, Italia y otros países europeos. Las pautas presentan la estandarización con respecto al uso de EPP utilizado para cuidar COVID-19 sospechoso y/o confirmado, de acuerdo con las recomendaciones proporcionadas por la OMS. Hasta la fecha, el uso de EPP es, sin duda, la estrategia más importante y efectiva para proteger a los profesionales de la salud durante la atención de pacientes con COVID-19.Descriptores: Infecciones por Coronavirus, Equipo de Protección Personal, Personal de Salud, Enfermería.

Quantifying Pregnant Women’s Knowledge of Educational Components of Antenatal Care in Lesotho

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabeta Seeiso ◽  
Mamutle M. Todd-Maja
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
In Pregnancy

Antenatal care (ANC) literacy is particularly important for pregnant women who need to make appropriate decisions for care during their pregnancy and childbirth. The link between inadequate health literacy on the educational components of ANC and maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is undisputable. Yet, little is known about the ANC literacy of pregnant women in SSA, with most studies inadequately assessing the four critical components of ANC literacy recommended by the World Health Organization, namely danger signs in pregnancy; true signs of labour; nutrition; and preparedness for childbirth. Lesotho, a country with one of the highest maternal mortality rates in SSA, is also underexplored in this research area. This cross-sectional study explored the levels of ANC literacy and the associated factors in 451 purposively sampled women in two districts in Lesotho using a structured questionnaire, making recourse to statistical principles. Overall, 16.4 per cent of the participants had grossly inadequate ANC literacy, while 79.8 per cent had marginal levels of such knowledge. The geographic location and level of education were the most significant predictors of ANC literacy, with the latter variable further subjected to post hoc margins test with the Bonferroni correction. The participants had the lowest scores on knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy and true signs of labour. Adequate ANC literacy is critical to reducing maternal mortality in Lesotho. Improving access to ANC education, particularly in rural areas, is recommended. This study also provides important recommendations critical to informing the national midwifery curriculum.

scholarly journals Maternal Tobacco and Alcohol Use in Relation to Child Malnutrition in Gauteng, South Africa: A Retrospective Analysis

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Perpetua Modjadji ◽  
Mpinane Pitso
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
World Health ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Current Tobacco

Tobacco and alcohol use among mothers is associated with numerous adverse consequences for affected offspring, including poor growth and development. This study determined the association between maternal tobacco and alcohol use, and malnutrition, among infants aged ≤ 12 months (n = 300), in selected health facilities situated in Gauteng, South Africa. Data on alcohol and tobacco use were collected using a validated questionnaire, in addition to mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics and obstetric history. Stunting (low height/length-for-age), underweight (low weight-for-age) and thinness (low body mass index-for-age) were calculated using z-scores based on the World Health Organization child growth standards. The association of tobacco and alcohol use with stunting, underweight and thinness was analysed using logistic regression analysis. The results showed a mean age of 29 years (24.0; 35.0) for mothers and 7.6 ± 3 months for infants, and over half of the mothers were unemployed (63%). Approximately 18.7% of mothers had used tobacco and 3% had used alcohol during pregnancy. The prevalence of current tobacco and alcohol use among mothers were estimated at 14.3% and 49.7%, respectively, and almost three-quarters (67.3%) of them were still breastfeeding during the study period. Stunting (55%) was the most prevalent malnutrition indicator among infants, while underweight was 41.7%, and thinness was 22%. Current tobacco use was associated with increased odds of being thin [OR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.09–5.45), and after adjusting for confounders, current alcohol use was associated with the likelihood of being underweight [AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.06–3.63] among infants. Future prospective cohort studies that examine growth patterns among infants who are exposed to maternal tobacco and alcohol use from the intrauterine life to infancy are necessary to inform, partly, the public health programmes, to reduce malnutrition among children.

Prevalence and factors associated with anemia in pregnancy among women receiving antenatal care at the West Gonja District Hospital of Northern Ghana.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-12
Author(s):  
Martin Malick
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
The West ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Folate Supplement ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a major public health problem especially in Low and Middle-income countries (LMIC) including Ghana and is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as being present when the hemoglobin concentration in the peripheral blood is 11g/dl or less. In most African countries anemia in pregnancy occurs if the hemoglobin concentration falls below 10g/dl. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing anemia due to several factors such as hemodilution, nutritional factors, multiple gestation, socio-economic status and malaria infestation. Anemia in pregnancy is an important cause of maternal mortality and affects half of pregnant women worldwide; with 56% of West African pregnant women being anemic. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and identify the risk factors associated with anemia among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the West Gonja Hospital (WGH) Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted with 136 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the WGH between January 2017 to February 2018. Random sampling was used to select participants and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the SPSS Version 24.0. Results: A total 71(52.2%) of the study population were anemic, while 65 (47.8%) were not anemic. 20(74.1%) of the 27 pregnant housewives were anemic, while 11(64.7%) of the pregnant farmers were anemic. 27 (96.4%) of the 28 pregnant women who took their iron/folate supplement only some few days were anemic. 12 (100%) of the 12 participants who took their iron/folate supplement a few times a week were anemic. 4 (80%) of the 5 participants who never took their iron/folate supplement were anemic. 21 (70%) of those who did not sleep under ITN were anemic. 33 (84.6%) of the 39 patients who were diagnosed with malaria were also anemic. 28 (87.5%) of the 32 participants who took only 2 meals a day were anemic. 27 (79.4%) of the 34 patients who took liver, beef, chicken and fish only twice weekly were anemic. 15 (88.2%) of the 17 patients who drank tea some days in a week were anemic. Conclusion: Although most of the pregnant women were adequately educated on the most relevant aspects of anemia in pregnancy, more than half of them were still anemic. Anemia was more prevalent among pregnant uneducated housewives with poor nutritional habits. All the pregnant sickle cell disease patients as well as those diagnosed with malaria were also anemic.

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