scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF BACTERIA OF GENUS AZOSPIRILLUM ON POTENTIAL NITROGENASE ACTIVITY AND BIOSYNTETIC PROCESSES OF SPRING WHEAT AND SPRING TRITICALE

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
O.O. Shahovnina ◽  
O.V. Nadkernichna ◽  
Y.O. Vorobey ◽  
V.V. Krivopisha
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Reliable Increase

Use of new strain of nitrogen fixing bacteria Azospirillum sp. 77 for inoculation of spring wheat and spring triticale permitted to form an effective associative system diasotroph - plant. The bacterization promoted the reliable increase of potential nitrogenase activity in root zone of plant by 38-220 %, activated the biosynthetic processes, in particular, glutamine synthetase activity increased by 57,0-71,9 %, content of protein in leaves - by 9,7-16,3 %, top of the plants - by 11,9- 18,9 %, weight of the roots - by 7,2-7,3 %.

scholarly journals NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA OF SPRING WHEAT ROOT ZONE

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 7-20
Author(s):  
O. V. Nadkernychna ◽  
E. P. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Molecular Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation Activity ◽  
Fixation Activity

The paper presents the study of active nitrogen fixation bacteria of genera Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas isolated from root zone of spring wheat plants. The ability of selected diazotrophs to form associative systems with spring wheat was investigated. The most significant increase of molecular nitrogen fixation activity in root zone of plants was observed under the Azospirillum species background.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF DIAZOTROPH AZOSPIRILLUM BRASILENSE ISOLATED FROM SPRING TRITICALE ROOTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
О. О. Shakhovnina ◽  
O. V. Nadkernychna ◽  
V. M. Strekalov ◽  
O. P. Tymoshenko
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Active Strain ◽  
Spring Triticale

Objective. Study the biological properties of the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense 10/1, promising for improving the nitrogen nutrition of spring triticale and obtaining a high quality crop. Methods. A strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria A. brasilense 10/1 isolated from washed roots of spring triticale Oberih Kharkivskyi by accumulation cultures method using Dobreiner semi-liquid nitrogen-free medium. Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms were isolated on potato agar with succinic acid by the Dryhalsky method. Potential nitrogenase activity on washed roots of spring triticale plants and nitrogen-fixing activity of azospirilla in pure culture were measured by gas chromatography. Electron microscopic studies of bacterial cells were performed by the method of negative contrast with uranyl acetate. Identification of azospirilla was carried out on the basis of the study of morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics and using molecular genetic methods (16S rRNA sequence analysis). The nucleotide sequences were compared with the corresponding sequences from the international database GenBank NCBI using BLAST software. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics and cereal seed pesticides was tested by disk diffusion method. Results. The active strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, identified as Azospirillum brasilense 10/1, was obtained by analytical selection methods. The identity of the sequences of 16S rRNA of A. brasilense 10/1 with reference strains of A. brasilense in the GenBank NCBI database is 99.5 % to 99.6 %. Diazotroph A. brasilense 10/1 is sensitive to cefotaxime, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, erythromycin, kanamycin, furadonin, resistant to polymyxin, ampicillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone. Vitavax 200FF and Fundazole dressers do not affect the development of A. brasilense 10/1, Maxim Star 025 FS somewhat inhibits the development of bacteria. Conclusion. The active strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria A. brasilense 10/1 isolated from washed roots of triticale by methods of analytical selection, is a promising inoculant to increase yields and improve grain quality of this crop. A. brasilense 10/1 is deposited in the Depository of the Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine under number B- 7317 and is protected by the patent of Ukraine No. 104212.

scholarly journals GlnD Is Essential for NifA Activation, NtrB/NtrC-Regulated Gene Expression, and Posttranslational Regulation of Nitrogenase Activity in the Photosynthetic, Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoping Zhang ◽  
Edward L. Pohlmann ◽  
Gary P. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Rhodospirillum Rubrum ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Posttranslational Regulation ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase Activity ◽  
Sole Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

ABSTRACT GlnD is a bifunctional uridylyltransferase/uridylyl-removing enzyme and is thought to be the primary sensor of nitrogen status in the cell. It plays an important role in nitrogen assimilation and metabolism by reversibly regulating the modification of PII proteins, which in turn regulate a variety of other proteins. We report here the characterization of glnD mutants from the photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum and the analysis of the roles of GlnD in the regulation of nitrogen fixation. Unlike glnD mutations in Azotobacter vinelandii and some other bacteria, glnD deletion mutations are not lethal in R. rubrum. Such mutants grew well in minimal medium with glutamate as the sole nitrogen source, although they grew slowly with ammonium as the sole nitrogen source (MN medium) and were unable to fix N2. The slow growth in MN medium is apparently due to low glutamine synthetase activity, because a ΔglnD strain with an altered glutamine synthetase that cannot be adenylylated can grow well in MN medium. Various mutation and complementation studies were used to show that the critical uridylyltransferase activity of GlnD is localized to the N-terminal region. Mutants with intermediate levels of uridylyltransferase activity are differentially defective in nif gene expression, the posttranslational regulation of nitrogenase, and NtrB/NtrC function, indicating the complexity of the physiological role of GlnD. These results have implications for the interpretation of results obtained with GlnD in many other organisms.

Respective effects of glucose and glutamine on the glutamine synthetase activity of human skin fibroblasts

1991 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Th�ophile Soni ◽  
Claire Wolfrom ◽  
Samia Guerroui ◽  
Nicole Raynaud ◽  
Jos�phine Poggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase Activity ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblasts

Control of nitrogen assimilation in Stichococcus bacillaris by growth conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Johan A. Hellebust
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Nitrogen Assimilation ◽  
Continuous Light ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Glutamine Synthetase Activity ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Cell Carbon ◽  
Stichococcus Bacillaris ◽  
Mixotrophic Conditions

Stichococcus bacillaris Naeg. (Chlorophyceae) grown on a 12 h light: 12 h dark cycle divides synchronously under photoautotrophic conditions and essentially nonsynchronously under mixotrophic conditions. Photoassimilation of carbon under photoautotrophic conditions was followed by a decline in cell carbon content during the dark period, whereas under mixotrophic conditions cell carbon increased throughout the light–dark cycle. The rates of nitrogen assimilation by cultures grown on either nitrate or ammonium declined sharply during the dark, and these declines were most pronounced under photoautotrophic conditions. Photoautotrophic cells synthesized glutamine synthetase and NADPH – glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) exclusively in the light, whereas in mixotrophic cells about 20% of the total synthesis of these enzymes during one light–dark cycle occurred in the dark. NADH–GDH was synthesized almost continuously over the entire light–dark cycle. In the dark, both under photoautotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, the alga contained more than 50% of glutamine synthetase in an inactive form, which was reactivated in vitro in the presence of mercaptoethanol and in vivo after returning the cultures to the light. The thermal stability of glutamine synthetase activity was less in light-harvested cells than in dark-harvested cells. The inactivation of glutamine synthetase did not occur in cultures growing either heterotrophically in continuous darkness or photoautotrophically in continuous light. This enzyme appears to be under thiol control only in cells grown under alternating light–dark conditions, irrespective of whether this light regime results in synchronous cell division or not.

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