scholarly journals Watershed Delineation of Rivers in Karaikal District using Remote Sensing and GIS Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Keyword(s):  
Pour Point ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Flow Accumulation ◽  
Model Builder ◽  
Watershed Delineation ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Stream Segment

Water carry nutrients to areas all around the earth. They play a most important part in the water cycle, acting as drainage channels for surface water. Rivers provide good habitat and food for many of the earth's organisms. The purpose of this study is to delineate the watersheds basin in the Karaikal district from Bhuvan and United States Geological Survey (USGS) website. Digital Elevation Model is the main data source for extracting hydrology data in ArcGIS. Model Builder was the key for creation of Flow Accumulation, Stream segment, pour point and contour has been prepared using surface tool in ArcGIS software. Watershed delineation map is obtained by integration of Flow Accumulation, Stream segment and Pour point. Watershed analysis provides catchment boundaries but also hydrological parameters useful for management programs.

scholarly journals Soil use and occupation in Caracol Settlement: a multitemporal assessment using remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e30891211029
Author(s):  
Odemir Coelho da Costa ◽  
José Francisco dos Reis Neto ◽  
Ana Paula Garcia Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Vegetation Landscape ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Gis Software

This study focused on the application of remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques to quantify the agroecological use of Caracol settlement area in order to quantify the vegetated areas, as well as the use and occupation of the soil in the years 2000, 2010 and 2020, in the months of May of each year. To achieve the objectives, computational tools (Quantum GIS software) were used, as well as data from Landsat 5 and 8 satellites, bands 3 and 4, 4 and 5 respectively. Vector data from the database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), from the United States Geological Survey (USGS/NASA) for evaluation of the watersheds were also used. For vegetation analysis, as well as temporal evolution, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used, with this it was possible to evaluate by means of thematic maps and tables containing the quantification and classification of vegetation and soil cover. It was evident in the present study that there were significant changes in the vegetation landscape over two decades, through anthropic activity by settled families, that were responsible for such changes in the use and soil cover of Caracol settlement.

scholarly journals Topography impact on nutrition content in soil and yield

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kumhálová ◽  
Š. Matějková ◽  
M. Fifernová ◽  
J. Lipavský ◽  
F. Kumhála
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Flow Accumulation ◽  
Accumulation Model ◽  
Soil Nutrition ◽  
Experimental Field ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

The main aim of this study was to determine the dependence of yield and selected soil properties on topography of the experimental field by using topographical data (elevation, slope and flow accumulation). The topography and yield data were obtained from a yield monitor for combine harvester, and soil properties data were taken from sampling points of our experimental field. Initially, the topographical parameters of elevation and slope were estimated and then the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) grid was created. On the basis of field slope the flow direction model and the flow accumulation model were created. The flow accumulation model, elevation and slope were then compared with the yield and content of nitrogen and organic carbon in soil in the years 2004, 2005 and 2006 in relation to the sum of precipitation and temperatures in crop growing seasons of these years. The correlation analysis of all previously mentioned elements was calculated and statistical evaluation proved a significant dependence of yield and soil nutrition content on flow accumulation. For the wettest evaluated year the correlation coefficient 0.25 was calculated, for the driest year it was 0.62.

Verifying calculated flow accumulation patterns of mapped and unmapped forest streams by culvert location

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul N.C. Murphy ◽  
Jae Ogilvie ◽  
Mark Castonguay ◽  
Fan-Rui Meng ◽  
Paul A Arp
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Operations Planning ◽  
Flow Accumulation ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model

Access to reliable surface water drainage information is important to forest operations planning in road layout and construction, culvert location and size, cutblock and harvest trail layout, site preparation and regeneration, and off-road navigation. A GIS-based process leading to an improved map of surface drainage is described and tested for the University of New Brunswick forest. This process predicts flow accumulation by combining the predictive ability of a digital elevation model (DEM) with additional information provided by mapped hydrographic features. Previously unmapped flow channels were reliably mapped with this process; 88% of predicted culvert locations were within 40 m of the actual location. Total channel length mapped increased 11.7 times over the existing maps. Key words: digital elevation model, forest operations planning, surface hydrology, flow accumulation

scholarly journals Automated Method for Delineating Watershed, Drainage Pattern and Calculation of Flow Accumulation in Punjab Province using Digital Elevation Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Umair bin Zamir ◽  
Jamil Hassan Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
Flow Accumulation ◽  
Aster Gdem ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Punjab Province ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
Elevation Model

Delineation of the watershed and drainage is among the prior requirement of any organised hydrological study. Delineating watershed is important for elucidating the geo-hydrological conditions of any geographical space. This study aims to explore the vitality of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data in calculating the flow accumulation, flow length, drainage pattern and watershed basin delineation of Punjab as well as elevational profiling district wise and delineating the catchment density. The potential hydrological system developed is based on 1 arc second Aster GDEM data. Depression less DEM is developed by filling process. Furthermore flow accumulation, drainage pattern and watershed is demarcated on the basis of derived stream channels. This study presents the effectiveness of DEM data for hydrological studies and introduces a better method of water management in Punjab province of Pakistan. 

scholarly journals Penentuan Batas DAS Tojo Berbasis GIS Menggunakan Perangkat HEC HMS 4.4 dan QGIS 3.16

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Aswar Amiruddin ◽  
Asta Asta ◽  
Rosmalia Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Watershed Delineation ◽  
Gis Tools ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Watershed Boundary ◽  
Central Sulawesi

Watershed delineation is the process of determining an area that contributes to the flow of rainfall (precipitation) into runoff to the outlet. The watershed delineation analysis in this study used the HEC-HMS version 4.4 and QGIS 3.16 . HEC HMS version 4.4 has GIS tools that have been directly integrated to facilitate the watershed delineation process. The study area in this research is the Tojo watershed which is located in Central Sulawesi Province. The digital elevation model (DEM) data source used is DEMNAS BIG with a spatial resolution is 8,1 meters. The results of watershed delineation using HEC-HMS 4.4 software are the same as the results of watershed delineation using QGIS 3.16 software. There is a slight difference in the watershed boundary in some parts when zoomed in. The watershed area produced by each GIS Softwares are HEC-HMS 212,583 km2, QGIS 212,5404 km2. The HEC-HMS 4.4 software gives quite good results on the boundary analysis of the Tojo watershed, so the HEC-HMS 4.4 software can also be used in other researches in the field of water resources. 

Digital elevation modelling of soil type and drainage within small forested catchments

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley S. Case ◽  
Fan-Rui Meng ◽  
Paul A. Arp
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Stream Channels ◽  
Forested Catchments ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Flow Accumulation ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
Soil Wetness ◽  
Elevation Model

This paper deals with predicting flow accumulation, drainage class, and soil and vegetation type within small headwater catchments (<20 ha) of two contrasting forested areas in northern New Brunswick, Canada, based on digital elevation modelling. A digital elevation model (DEM), with a point sampling resolution of about 75 m, was used to derive local flow accumulation and slope gradients. These calculations were then compared with direct field mapping of flow accumulation and slope gradients, involving on-site tracking of watershed boundaries, ridges, hummocks, depressions, gullies, and stream channels. In general, the resulting DEM-derived and field-assessed flow accumulation values did not differ statistically from each other. Subsequently, these values were analyzed as potential predictors for soil wetness, drainage, and soil and vegetation type as determined for 77 small forest plots, all scattered throughout the catchments at locations of increasing flow accumulation. In this analysis, the field-assessed flow accumulation values were found to be better predictors than the DEM-derived values . It is suggested that the DEM-derived predictions would be much enhanced by an increased DEM resolution, and that this increase would lead to particularly reliable estimates for local soil wetness, drainage, and soil and vegetation type in catchments with low substrate permeability. Key words: Flow accumulation, soil wetness index, soil taxonomic units, soil drainage, soil permeability, digital elevation model

Spatial model of site index based on γ-ray spectrometry and a digital elevation model for two Pinus species in Tuan Toolara State Forest, Queensland, Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2299-2312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Micaela Preda ◽  
Malcolm Cox ◽  
Ken Bubb
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Flow Accumulation ◽  
Pinus Species ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Γ Ray ◽  
Elevation Model

Site index prediction models are an important aid for forest management and planning activities. This paper introduces a multiple regression model for spatially mapping and comparing site indices for two Pinus species ( Pinus elliottii Engelm. and Queensland hybrid, a P. elliottii × Pinus caribaea Morelet hybrid) based on independent variables derived from two major sources: γ-ray spectrometry (potassium (K), thorium (Th), and uranium (U)) and a digital elevation model (elevation, slope, curvature, hillshade, flow accumulation, and distance to streams). In addition, interpolated rainfall was tested. Species were coded as a dichotomous dummy variable; interaction effects between species and the γ-ray spectrometric and geomorphologic variables were considered. The model explained up to 60% of the variance of site index and the standard error of estimate was 1.9 m. Uranium, elevation, distance to streams, thorium, and flow accumulation significantly correlate to the spatial variation of the site index of both species, and hillshade, curvature, elevation and slope accounted for the extra variability of one species over the other. The predicted site indices varied between 20.0 and 27.3 m for P. elliottii, and between 23.1 and 33.1 m for Queensland hybrid; the advantage of Queensland hybrid over P. elliottii ranged from 1.8 to 6.8 m, with the mean at 4.0 m. This compartment-based prediction and comparison study provides not only an overview of forest productivity of the whole plantation area studied but also a management tool at compartment scale.

STUDY OF THE LANDSLIDE MORPHOLOGY BASED ON GNSS DATA AND AIRBORNE SOUNDING (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A SECTION OF THE PROTVA RIVER VALLEY)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 50-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Voskresensky ◽  
A. A. Suchilin ◽  
L. A. Ushakova ◽  
V. M. Shaforostov ◽  
A. L. Entin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Loose Deposits ◽  
Positioning Method ◽  
Landslide Body ◽  
Elevation Model

To use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for obtaining digital elevation models (DEM) and digital terrain models (DTM) is currently actively practiced in scientific and practical purposes. This technology has many advantages: efficiency, ease of use, and the possibility of application on relatively small area. This allows us to perform qualitative and quantitative studies of the progress of dangerous relief-forming processes and to assess their consequences quickly. In this paper, we describe the process of obtaining a digital elevation model (DEM) of the relief of the slope located on the bank of the Protva River (Satino training site of the Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University). To obtain the digital elevation model, we created a temporary geodetic network. The coordinates of the points were measured by the satellite positioning method using a highprecision mobile complex. The aerial survey was carried out using an unmanned aerial vehicle from a low altitude (about 40–45 m). The processing of survey materials was performed via automatic photogrammetry (Structure-from-Motion method), and the digital elevation model of the landslide surface on the Protva River valley section was created. Remote sensing was supplemented by studying archival materials of aerial photography, as well as field survey conducted immediately after the landslide. The total amount of research results made it possible to establish the causes and character of the landslide process on the study site. According to the geomorphological conditions of formation, the landslide refers to a variety of landslideslides, which are formed when water is saturated with loose deposits. The landslide body was formed with the "collapse" of the blocks of turf and deluvial loams and their "destruction" as they shifted and accumulated at the foot of the slope.

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