scholarly journals Modeling and simulation of the R5912 photomultiplier for the LAGO project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Peña Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Photomultiplier Tube ◽  
Cherenkov Detectors ◽  
Extensive Air Shower ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Water Cherenkov Detectors

We present the results of modeling and simulating the Hamamatsu R5912 photomultiplier tube that is used in most of the sites of the Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO). The model was compared with data of in-operation water Cherenkov detectors (WCD) installed at Bucaramanga-Colombia and Bariloche-Argentina. The LAGO project is an international experiment that spans across Latin America at different altitudes joining more than 35 institutions of 11 countries. It is mainly oriented to basic research on gamma-ray bursts and space weather phenomena. The LAGO network consists of single or small arrays of WCDs composed mainly by a photomultiplier tube and a readout electronics that acquires single-particle or extensive air shower events triggered by the interaction of cosmic rays with the Earth atmosphere.

scholarly journals Modeling and simulation of the R5912 photomultiplier for the LAGO project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Peña Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Photomultiplier Tube ◽  
Cherenkov Detectors ◽  
Extensive Air Shower ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Water Cherenkov Detectors

We present the results of modeling and simulating the Hamamatsu R5912 photomultiplier tube that is used in most of the sites of the Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO). The model was compared with data of in-operation water Cherenkov detectors (WCD) installed at Bucaramanga-Colombia and Bariloche-Argentina. The LAGO project is an international experiment that spans across Latin America at different altitudes joining more than 35 institutions of 11 countries. It is mainly oriented to basic research on gamma-ray bursts and space weather phenomena. The LAGO network consists of single or small arrays of WCDs composed mainly by a photomultiplier tube and a readout electronics that acquires single-particle or extensive air shower events triggered by the interaction of cosmic rays with the Earth atmosphere.

scholarly journals The LAGO (Large Aperture GRB Observatory) in Peru

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S286) ◽  
pp. 445-447
Author(s):  
E. Tueros-Cuadros ◽  
L. Otiniano ◽  
J. Chirinos ◽  
C. Soncco ◽  
W. Guevara-Day
Keyword(s):  
Single Particle ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Cherenkov Detectors ◽  
Detector Calibration ◽  
Large Aperture ◽  
Water Cherenkov Detectors

AbstractThe Large Aperture GRBs Observatory is a continental-wide observatory devised to detect high energy (around 100 GeV) component of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs), by using the single particle technique in arrays of Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs) at high mountain sites of Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, Venezuela and Peru. Details of the instalation and operation of the detectors in Marcapomacocha in Peru at 4550 m.a.s.l. are given. The detector calibration method will also be shown.

Influence of supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and cosmic rays on the terrestrial environment

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnon Dar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Threat To Life

Changes in the solar neighbourhood due to the motion of the sun in the Galaxy, solar evolution, and Galactic stellar evolution influence the terrestrial environment and expose life on the Earth to cosmic hazards. Such cosmic hazards include impact of near-Earth objects (NEOs), global climatic changes due to variations in solar activity and exposure of the Earth to very large fluxes of radiations and cosmic rays from Galactic supernova (SN) explosions and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Such cosmic hazards are of low probability, but their influence on the terrestrial environment and their catastrophic consequences, as evident from geological records, justify their detailed study, and the development of rational strategies, which may minimize their threat to life and to the survival of the human race on this planet. In this chapter I shall concentrate on threats to life from increased levels of radiation and cosmic ray (CR) flux that reach the atmosphere as a result of (1) changes in solar luminosity, (2) changes in the solar environment owing to the motion of the sun around the Galactic centre and in particular, owing to its passage through the spiral arms of the Galaxy, (3) the oscillatory displacement of the solar system perpendicular to the Galactic plane, (4) solar activity, (5) Galactic SN explosions, (6) GRBs, and (7) cosmic ray bursts (CRBs). The credibility of various cosmic threats will be tested by examining whether such events could have caused some of the major mass extinctions that took place on planet Earth and were documented relatively well in the geological records of the past 500 million years (Myr). A credible claim of a global threat to life from a change in global irradiation must first demonstrate that the anticipated change is larger than the periodical changes in irradiation caused by the motions of the Earth, to which terrestrial life has adjusted itself. Most of the energy of the sun is radiated in the visible range. The atmosphere is highly transparent to this visible light but is very opaque to almost all other bands of the electromagnetic spectrum except radio waves, whose production by the sun is rather small.

DIFFUSED ČERENKOV LIGHT MEASUREMENTS FOR THE EUSO PROJECT

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (29) ◽  
pp. 6906-6908
Author(s):  
P. VALLANIA ◽  
A. CAPPA ◽  
L. FAVA ◽  
P. GALEOTTI ◽  
O. SAAVEDRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Transmission ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Fluorescent Signal ◽  
Extensive Air Shower ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Shower Energy ◽  
Cerenkov Light ◽  
Transmission And Reflection

The aim of the EUSO (Extreme Universe Space Observatory) experiment is to measure from space the fluorescent light produced by the interaction of Extreme Energy Cosmic Rays (EECRs) with the Earth atmosphere. Besides the fluorescent signal, a huge amount of Čerenkov photons is emitted in a narrow cone hitting the Earth surface, where it is partially diffused. The detection of this diffused signal, in a delayed coincidence with the fluorescent signal, allows the absolute positioning of the EECR track, while the knowledge of the diffusing properties of the surface gives an independent indication of the shower energy. Measuring simultaneously on ground the electromagnetic component, the direct Čerenkov light, and the diffused Čerenkov light over different surfaces, we aim to characterize the emitted signal as a function of the energy and the arrival direction of the Extensive Air Shower (EAS), and to evaluate its possible detection from space. This is implemented by the ULTRA (Uv Light Transmission and Reflection in the Atmosphere) experiment composed by a small EAS array and a UltraViolet (UV) telescope. The experimental setups used in the first runs at sea level and at 1970 m a.s.l. are described and the first preliminary results are presented.

scholarly journals Galactic Anisotropy of Cosmic Ray Intensity Observed by an Air Shower Experiment

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Mahmud Bahmanabadi ◽  
Mehdi Khakian Ghomi ◽  
Farzaneh Sheidaei ◽  
Jalal Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Daily Variation ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Cosmic Ray Intensity ◽  
Extensive Air Shower ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Unidirectional Anisotropy ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Ray ◽  
Shower Array

AbstractWe have monitored multi-TeV cosmic rays by a small air shower array in Tehran (35°43′ N, 51°20′ E, 1200 m = 890 g cm−2). More than 1.1 × 106 extensive air shower events were recorded. These observations enabled us to analyse sidereal variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity. The observed sidereal daily variation is compared to the expected variation which includes the Compton–Getting effect due to the motion of the earth in the Galaxy. In addition to the Compton–Getting effect, an anisotropy has been observed which is due to a unidirectional anisotropy of cosmic ray flow along the Galactic arms.

THE ARGO-YBJ EXPERIMENT: A FULL COVERAGE ARRAY FOR γ-RAY ASTRONOMY

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2013-2018
Author(s):  
◽  
C. VIGORITO
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Detector Performance ◽  
Extensive Air Shower ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Full Coverage ◽  
Energy Gamma ◽  
Γ Ray

The ARGO-YBJ experiment is an Extensive Air Shower (EAS) array which combines high altitude location and full coverage active area in order to reach low energy threshold at a level of few hundred of GeV. The large field of view (≈ 2 sr ) and the high duty cycle (≥ 90%) allow the continuous monitoring of the sky searching for unknown sources and unpredictable events, such as flares in blazar emissions and high energy Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). In this paper I will briefly report on the detector performance and on some preliminary results achieved in γ-ray astronomy.

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