scholarly journals Evaluation of Multimodal Tongue Drive System by People with Tetraplegia for Computer Access

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nordine Sebkhi ◽  
Md Nazmus Sahadat ◽  
Erica Walling ◽  
Michelle Hoefnagel ◽  
Fulcher Chris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Objective ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Computer Access ◽  
Human Computer Interactions ◽  
Maze Navigation ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Tongue Control ◽  
Computer Tasks ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

The multimodal Tongue Drive System (mTDS) is an assistive technology for people with tetraplegia that provides an alternative method to interact with a computer by combining tongue control, head gesture, and speech. This multimodality is designed to facilitate the completion of complex computer tasks (e.g. drag-and-drop) that cannot be easily performed by existing uni-modal assistive technologies. Previous studies with able-bodied participants showed promising performance of the mTDS on complex tasks when compared to other input methods such as keyboard and mouse. In this three-session pilot study, the primary objective is to show the feasibility of using mTDS to facilitate human-computer interactions by asking fourteen participants with tetraplegia to complete five computer access tasks with increased level of complexity: maze navigation, center-out tapping, playing bubble shooter and peg solitaire, and sending an email. Speed and accuracy are quantified by key metrics that are found to be generally increasing from the first to third session, indicating the potential existence of a learning phase that could result in improved performance over time.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Multimodal Tongue Drive System by People with Tetraplegia for Computer Access

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nordine Sebkhi ◽  
Md Nazmus Sahadat ◽  
Erica Walling ◽  
Michelle Hoefnagel ◽  
Fulcher Chris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Objective ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Computer Access ◽  
Human Computer Interactions ◽  
Maze Navigation ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Tongue Control ◽  
Computer Tasks ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

The multimodal Tongue Drive System (mTDS) is an assistive technology for people with tetraplegia that provides an alternative method to interact with a computer by combining tongue control, head gesture, and speech. This multimodality is designed to facilitate the completion of complex computer tasks (e.g. drag-and-drop) that cannot be easily performed by existing uni-modal assistive technologies. Previous studies with able-bodied participants showed promising performance of the mTDS on complex tasks when compared to other input methods such as keyboard and mouse. In this three-session pilot study, the primary objective is to show the feasibility of using mTDS to facilitate human-computer interactions by asking fourteen participants with tetraplegia to complete five computer access tasks with increased level of complexity: maze navigation, center-out tapping, playing bubble shooter and peg solitaire, and sending an email. Speed and accuracy are quantified by key metrics that are found to be generally increasing from the first to third session, indicating the potential existence of a learning phase that could result in improved performance over time.

Including Users with Motor Impairments in Design

2006 ◽  
pp. 317-323
Author(s):  
Simeon Keates ◽  
Shari Trewin ◽  
Jessica Paradise Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Graphical User Interface ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Computer Access ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Technology Access ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Input Devices ◽  
Switch Input

For people with motor impairments, access to, and independent control of, a computer can be an important part of everyday life. However, in order to be of benefit, computer systems must be accessible. Computer use often involves interaction with a graphical user interface (GUI), typically using a keyboard, mouse, and monitor. However, people with motor impairments often have difficulty with accurate control of standard input devices (Trewin & Pain, 1999). Conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, and spinal injuries can give rise to symptoms such as tremor, spasm, restricted range of motion, and reduced strength. These symptoms may necessitate the use of specialized assistive technologies such as eye-gaze pointing or switch input (Alliance for Technology Access, 2000). At the same time, specialized technologies such as these can be expensive and many people simply prefer to use standard input devices (Edwards, 1995; Vanderheiden, 1985). Those who continue to use standard devices may expend considerable time and effort performing basic actions. The key to developing truly effective means of computer access lies in a user-centered approach (Stephanidis, 2001). This article discusses methods appropriate for working with people with motor impairments to obtain information about their wants and needs, and making that data available to interface designers in usable formats.

Human Evaluation of Internet-Based Bilateral Teleoperation Using Wave Variables With Adaptive Predictor and Direct Drift Control

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Ching ◽  
Wayne J. Book
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Transmission Delay ◽  
Bilateral Teleoperation ◽  
Wave Variables ◽  
Human Evaluation ◽  
Maze Navigation ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Tracking Surface ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Drift Control

In a conventional bilateral teleoperation, transmission delay over the Internet can potentially cause instability. The wave variables algorithm can solve this problem at the cost of poor transient response. The wave variables algorithm with adaptive predictor and drift control based on our previous work [24] has been proposed to provide stability under time delay with improved performance. The effectiveness of this algorithm is fully evaluated using human subjects with no previous experience in haptics. Three algorithms are tested using Phantom haptic devices as master and slave: conventional bilateral teleoperation with no transmission delay as control, wave variables with 200-300 ms transmission delay one way, and wave variables with adaptive predictor and direct drift control (WAPD) also with 200-300 ms delay one way. For each algorithm the human subjects are asked to perform three simple tasks: free space trajectory tracking, surface contour identification, and maze navigation. The results show WAPD to be superior to regular wave variables algorithm with higher subject ratings.

scholarly journals Control of a Direct-Drive Arm

1983 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Asada ◽  
T. Kanade ◽  
I. Takeyama
Keyword(s):  
Drive System ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Mechanical Stiffness ◽  
Feedback Controllers ◽  
Transmission Mechanisms ◽  
Single Link ◽  
High Torque ◽  
Drive Systems ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

A direct-drive arm is a mechanical arm in which the shafts of articulated joints are directly coupled to the rotors of motors with high torque. Since the arm does not contain transmission mechanisms between the motors and their loads, the drive system has no backlash, small friction, and high mechanical stiffness, all of which are desirable for fast, accurate, and versatile robots. First, the prototype robot is described, and basic feedback controllers for single-link drive systems are designed. Second, feedforward compensation is discussed. This compensation significantly reduces the effect of interactions among multiple joints and nonlinear forces. The experiments showed the excellent performance of the direct-drive arm in terms of speed and accuracy.

Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff Models of Target-Based and Trajectory-Based Movements

2013 ◽  
pp. 355-368
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Zhou ◽  
Xiangshi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Human Computer Interactions ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Speed And Accuracy ◽  
Accuracy Tradeoff

A tradeoff between speed and accuracy is a very common phenomenon in many types of human motor tasks. In general, the accuracy of a movement tends to decrease when its speed increases and the speed of a movement tends to decrease with an increase in its accuracy. This phenomenon has been studied for more than a century, during which several alternative performance models that account for the tradeoff between speed and accuracy have been presented. In this chapter, the authors present a critical survey of the scientific literature that discusses speed-accuracy tradeoff models of target-based and trajectory-based movement; these two types of movement are the major popular task paradigms in studies of human-computer interactions. Some of the models emerged from basic research in experimental psychology and motor control theory, whereas others emerged from a specific need to model the interaction between users and physical devices, such as mice, keyboards, and styluses in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). This chapter summarizes these models from the perspectives of spatial constraints and temporal constraints for both target-based and trajectory-based movements.

scholarly journals Innovative Assisted Living Tools, Remote Monitoring Technologies, Artificial Intelligence-Driven Solutions, and Robotic Systems for Aging Societies: Systematic Review

JMIR Aging ◽  
10.2196/15429 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e15429 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hasan Sapci ◽  
H Aylin Sapci
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Aging Societies

Background The increase in life expectancy and recent advancements in technology and medical science have changed the way we deliver health services to the aging societies. Evidence suggests that home telemonitoring can significantly decrease the number of readmissions, and continuous monitoring of older adults’ daily activities and health-related issues might prevent medical emergencies. Objective The primary objective of this review was to identify advances in assistive technology devices for seniors and aging-in-place technology and to determine the level of evidence for research on remote patient monitoring, smart homes, telecare, and artificially intelligent monitoring systems. Methods A literature review was conducted using Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore, ProQuest Central, Scopus, and Science Direct. Publications related to older people’s care, independent living, and novel assistive technologies were included in the study. Results A total of 91 publications met the inclusion criteria. In total, four themes emerged from the data: technology acceptance and readiness, novel patient monitoring and smart home technologies, intelligent algorithm and software engineering, and robotics technologies. The results revealed that most studies had poor reference standards without an explicit critical appraisal. Conclusions The use of ubiquitous in-home monitoring and smart technologies for aged people’s care will increase their independence and the health care services available to them as well as improve frail elderly people’s health care outcomes. This review identified four different themes that require different conceptual approaches to solution development. Although the engineering teams were focused on prototype and algorithm development, the medical science teams were concentrated on outcome research. We also identified the need to develop custom technology solutions for different aging societies. The convergence of medicine and informatics could lead to the development of new interdisciplinary research models and new assistive products for the care of older adults.

Development of a Standardized Instrument to Assess the Performance of Computer Tasks by Students with Low Vision

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Vincent ◽  
Claire Dumont ◽  
Danièle Bouchard ◽  
Françoise Lespérance
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Computer Tasks ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

The Assessment of Computer Task Performance was developed to evaluate the performance, both in terms of speed and accuracy, of children with low vision when using sequences of actions that result in a computer command. The results with 22 students aged 4–12 showed that four standardized tasks in the test have a high degree of reliability, and one has a moderate degree.

scholarly journals Towards a decision support tool for intensive care discharge: machine learning algorithm development using electronic health care data from MIMIC-III and Bristol, UK.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher McWilliams ◽  
Daniel J Lawson ◽  
Raul Santos-Rodriguez ◽  
Iain D Gilchrist ◽  
Alan Champneys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Royal Infirmary ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Discharge Criteria ◽  
Mimic Iii

Objective: The primary objective is to develop an automated method for detecting patients that are ready for discharge from intensive care. Design: We used two datasets of routinely collected patient data to test and improve upon a set of previously proposed discharge criteria. Setting: Bristol Royal Infirmary general intensive care unit (GICU). Patients: Two cohorts derived from historical datasets: 1870 intensive care patients from GICU in Bristol, and 7592 from MIMIC-III (a publicly available intensive care dataset). Results: In both cohorts few successfully discharged patients met all of the discharge criteria. Both a random forest and a logistic classifier, trained using multiple-source cross-validation, demonstrated improved performance over the original criteria and generalised well between the cohorts. The classifiers showed good agreement on which features were most predictive of readiness-for-discharge, and these were generally consistent with clinical experience. By weighting the discharge criteria according to feature importance from the logistic model we showed improved performance over the original criteria, while retaining good interpretability. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the feasibility of the proposed approach to ready-for-discharge classification, which could complement other risk models of specific adverse outcomes in a future decision support system. Avenues for improvement to produce a clinically useful tool are identified.

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