scholarly journals Come fermare una grande recessione. Il dibattito sulla crisi economica del 1929 in Italia

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
Antonio Magliulo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
International Debate ◽  
Convergent Synthesis ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Fascist Regime ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Post War

The aim of this essay is to assess how the debate on the Great Depression of 1929 changed Italian economic culture in the transition from Fascism to the Republic. The essay is divided into three paragraphs. In the first, we will look at the international debate dominated by the dispute between Hayek and Keynes and by Röpke’s synthesis. In the second, we will analyse the debate in Italy, which is characterised by the convergent synthesis proposed by Bresciani Turroni, Einaudi and Fanno. The last section will outline the economic policy choices of the Fascist regime and the legacy of the debate on the great crisis in the period of post-war reconstruction

The Primal Force of the Great Depression

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kenneth Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Classical Tradition ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Stock Market Crash ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Classical Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

This chapter examines the impact of the Great Depression on classical economic ideas. When the Great Depression struck after the stock market crash of October 1929, economists in the classical tradition such as Joseph Schumpeter and Lionel Robbins chose to do nothing. They argued that the depression must be allowed to run its course. The chapter first considers U.S. economic policy under Franklin D. Roosevelt, focusing on how he addressed three visible features of the depression: deflation in prices, unemployment, and the hardship depression suffered by especially vulnerable groups. It also discusses the views of two scholars who belonged to the group known as the Roosevelt Brains Trust (later the Brain Trust), Rexford Guy Tugwell and Adolf A. Berle Jr. Finally, it explores how depression and price deflation led to two efforts to raise prices, one through the National Recovery Act and the other through agriculture.

An Age of Crisis

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Agnes Cornell ◽  
Jørgen Møller ◽  
Svend-Erik Skaaning
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
World Order ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
World War ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Post War

To understand what interwar democracies were up against, we need to recognize that a number of mutually linked crises affected social and political life in the 1920s and 1930s. Besides the Great Depression between 1929 and 1933, these interwar crises included the aborted attempt at communist world revolution in 1917–20, the legacies of World War I in general and the Versailles and Trianon Treaties in particular, the post-war economic slump of the early 1920s, the advent of fascist and Nazi ideologies and mass movements, and the breakdown of the liberal world order in the 1930s. All of these crises had the potential to undermine democracy.

scholarly journals BUSINESS CYCLES, GROWTH, AND ECONOMIC POLICY: SCHUMPETER AND THE GREAT DEPRESSION

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muriel Dal Pont Legrand ◽  
Harald Hagemann
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Business Cycles ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Over Time

Joseph A. Schumpeter’s theory of economic development analyzes how growth and cycle dynamics intertwine. The process of creative destruction plays an essential role in those dynamics: embodying a cleansing effect, it has a clear, beneficial impact on long-run development. For that reason, and also for some of his famous (and provocative) non-interventionist statements, Schumpeter is generally interpreted as a pure liquidationist. This paper contests this rather simplistic view and shows that Schumpeter not only expressed much more nuanced positions as far as practical economic issues were concerned, but also that his views on economic policy were rooted in his earlier contributions before the Great Depression, attesting that Schumpeter’s view on economic policy was consistent over time.

scholarly journals Wie Deflationen entstehen - und was (nicht nur) die SPD von Brüning gelernt hat

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (134) ◽  
pp. 105-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Heine
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Wage Cuts

During the years 1930 - 1932 the Bruning government tried to fight against the results of the Great Depression with wage cuts and liscal restraint. In this they followed the advice of the neo-classical school of economics. This article shows that the economic policy of both the SPD-Green Federal Government and the SPD-PDS coalition in Berlin is based on the same logic, but - compared to Bruning - with even weaker arguments. As a result the danger of a deflationary spiral will increase.

Working People’s Responses to Past Depressions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Life ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Broad Overview

This chapter sketches out a broad overview of economic panics and workers' responses to them in the United States from Jacksonian times to the Great Depression. Since the founding of the Republic, working men and women have been all too familiar with alternating periods of boom times and hard times, with seasonal unemployment, with marked differences in availability of jobs among various parts of the country, and with general depressions abruptly precipitated by overproduction of wares or by bank panics. Not all downturns struck with the same severity. The crisis of the early 1840s pitched nine state governments into default (primarily in the rapidly expanding cotton kingdom), while the depression that began in 1873 sent ten state governments into default over the ensuing eleven years. The sharp collapse between the spring of 1907 and the spring of 1908 so crippled the economy that for many months more immigrants left the United States for their homelands or other countries than disembarked here. The depressions of 1873–79, 1893–98, and 1929–40 set the stage for fundamental restructuring of industrial, agricultural, and political life.

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