scholarly journals Relasi Kuasa Dalam Tataniaga Pertanian Komoditas Cabai di Desa Giri Mulyo, Kabupaten Kerinci, Jambi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Wibi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Price ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Authority Relation ◽  
Authority Relations

Giri Mulyo village of West Kayu Ayo district was known as the biggest the biggest chilli-producing village in Kerinci Regency.  In addition, this village also produce the commodity of potatoes and other agricultural products such as shallots, cabbage, mustard greens, tomatoes, and other types of vegetables which are marketed to various regions. The purpose of this research was to investigate the commerce and authority relations formed between chilli farmers and chilli merchants. This reseach conducted qualitatively through observation, deep interview and document study to collect desired data. The result of study showed that in terms of commodity price, the farmers were dependant to merchant decision, and in fact they sometimes suffered losses. Moreover, the chilli farmers especially the sharecroppers sold their product to merchants because they had been their old clients. This relation was maintained because the farmers and the sharecroppers usually depended on them in running their farming business. Furthermore, the authority relation formed between the parties was also influenced by factors of culture, farmer’s helplessness, and market situation.

scholarly journals RECONSTRUCTION THE PATTERNS OF AUTHORITY RELATIONS BETWEEN HEAD OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND SECRETARY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT ON PROMOTION OF CIVIL SERVANTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedi Sudrajat ◽  
Zainal Muttaqin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Authority Relation ◽  
Authority Relations ◽  
Local Employment

The pattern of the authority relation between head of local government and Secretary of local government in the promotion of Civil Servants lead into two pattern which are sub-ordination and coordination. Normatively, the position of Secretary is subordinate from Head of local government. Meanwhile, the pattern of coordination is a tiered pattern that puts Secretary as officials who provide recommendations of official candidate to Head of local government as the Trustees of the Local Employment Officer.Both of these relation creates superior position of Head of local government in the terms of promotion of civil servants. To create a proportional authority relation, it necessary pre-requisite form of commitment, orientation of human resources and the use of technology. On that basis, a mechanism must be created to limit the authority of the Head of local government by strengthening the system of merit-based technology.Keywords : position, authority, promotion of civil servants

scholarly journals A Review of the Applications of Genetic Algorithms to Forecasting Prices of Commodities

Economies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Drachal ◽  
Michał Pawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Price Forecasting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
The Individual

This paper is focused on the concise review of the specific applications of genetic algorithms in forecasting commodity prices. Genetic algorithms seem relevant in this field for many reasons. For instance, they lack the necessity to assume a certain statistical distribution, and they are efficient in dealing with non-stationary data. Indeed, the latter case is very frequent while forecasting the commodity prices of, for example, crude oil. Moreover, growing interest in their application has been observed recently. In parallel, researchers are also interested in constructing hybrid genetic algorithms (i.e., joining them with other econometric methods). Such an approach helps to reduce each of the individual method flaws and yields promising results. In this article, three groups of commodities are discussed: energy commodities, metals, and agricultural products. The advantages and disadvantages of genetic algorithms and their hybrids are presented, and further conclusions concerning their possible improvements and other future applications are discussed. This article fills a significant literature gap, focusing on particular financial and economic applications. In particular, it combines three important—yet not often jointly discussed—topics: genetic algorithms, their hybrids with other tools, and commodity price forecasting issues.

Economic State and Institutional Environment of Russian Industrial Enterprises: The Empirical Analysis of Interrelations

2005 ◽  
pp. 67-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kleiner ◽  
R. Kachalov ◽  
E. Sushko
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Economic State ◽  
Essential Heterogeneity ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Weak Influence

The paper presents the analysis of the data received from the survey of heads of industrial enterprises and also experts-researchers in 2003-2004. The data describe the economic state of enterprises and their position in competitive, administrative, intermediary, financial etc. environment. The assumption of essential heterogeneity of the set of industrial enterprises, including enterprises of the same sector or the same territorial formation is confirmed. It is shown that Russian industrial enterprises as a rule do not feel influence of the stock market situation while the condition of the currency market influences the majority of enterprises. The sensitivity of enterprises depends on their economic situation: the better is the state, the stronger is the influence. Weak influence of the investment and administrative environment on the state of enterprises and negative influence of the activity of intermediary organizations are registered. More than 2/3 of the respondents consider important strengthening of the responsibility of large proprietors for inefficient activity of their enterprises. Lack of the strategic approach in the activity of authorities of all levels is ascertained and the necessity of development and realization of industrial policy at all administrative levels, including the municipal one, is shown.

Language policy: An economics perspective

2016 ◽  
pp. 128-140
Author(s):  
D. Kadochnikov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Economic Phenomenon ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Theory Of Language ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Economic theory of language policy treats a language as an economic phenomenon. A language situation is considered to be an economic, or market, situation, while language policy becomes an element of economic policies. The paper aims to systematize and to further develop theoretical and methodological aspects of this promising research field situated between economics and sociolinguistics.

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