scholarly journals Species composition of aphids (order Homoptera, family Aphididae) in fruit agrocenoses of the Crimea

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
E. B. Balykina ◽  
L. P. Yagodinskaya ◽  
A. A. Danilchuk
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Leaf Curling ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
Woolly Aphid ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Mass Reproduction ◽  
Fruit Plantations

Nine species of aphids have been identified in fruit plantations in the Crimea. The species composition and percentage varies depending on the zoning of the plantings. The correlation coefficient between the hydrothermal conditions of April-June and the number of green apple aphids r=0,55, and gray apple (rosy leaf-curling) aphids - r=0,46. Mass reproduction of apple aphids was recorded in May, which was facilitated by dry and warm weather. Low temperatures in April during the beginning of hatching of larvae restrained the growth of the number of phytophages and provoked the almost complete death of the woolly aphid population.

The species composition of pests of peach gardens in the Crimea

2020 ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
E.B. Balykina ◽  
L.P. Yagodinskaya ◽  
D.A. Korzh ◽  
S.Y. Tsiupka ◽  
T.S. Rybareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
The Crimea

scholarly journals Influence of climatic conditions on productivity and adaptability of Camelina sativa

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
E L Turina ◽  
T Ya Prakhova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Camelina Sativa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Crimea

The purpose of the research is to assess the productivity and adaptability of Camelina sativa depending on the natural and climatic conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga region and the steppe Crimea. The researches were conducted in two regions (Penza and Crimea) with contrasting hydrothermal conditions in 2015–2019 years. Climate conditions in the years of researches were characterized by significant variability in both the degree of humidity and temperature regime in both regions. The hydrothermal coefficient in the Crimea varied in the range of 0.23–1.11, in the conditions of Penza - from 0.45 to 1.10. The index of environmental conditions varied from -0.58 to 1.28 units depending on the natural and climatic zone. On average, in 2015–2019, the productivity of Camelina changed from 1.45 to 1.79 t/ha in Penza and from 0.56 to 1.66 t/ha in Crimea. The highest yield of Camelina sativa was recorded in 2016 in Penza and in 2017 in the Crimea and amounted to 1.79 and 1.66 t/ha, respectively. The value of the index of environmental conditions is 1.17 and 1.28 with hydrothermal coefficient of 0.82 and 0.61, respectively. Depending on the conditions of the year and the region, the oil content varied from 33.9 to 43.9 %. At the same time, there is a tendency to decrease the amount of oil for all years of study in the direction from the Crimea to the zone of the Penza region. Camelina sativa is characterized by a high level of resistance to stressful conditions (0.49– 1.10), differs in environmental adaptability (bi=1.15–1.17), has a high fitness criterion, 41.2–41.5 g/m2, depending on the region.

scholarly journals Actual phytosanitary state of park cenoses of the Southern Coast of the Crimea

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
N. N. Trikoz
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Southern Coast ◽  
Biological Survey ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Euonymus Scale

The objective of the research is to assess the species diversity of entomoacarocomplex of phytophagans of park cenoses of the Southern Coast of the Crimea, to identify dominant species and to determine the factors controlling their number and distribution. The research methods are the following: biological survey, visual inspection, pheromone traps, the definition of species by morphological characteristics. During the period from 2005 to 2018, the species composition of the entomoacarocomplex of phytophagans of ornamental crops in the parks of the Southern Coast of the Crimea has changed significantly under the influence of abiotic factors, anthropogenic load, development of tourism, business relations, increase in introduction works, change in the assortment of pesticides. Currently, the fauna of arthropods in the parks is represented by 55 species of phytophagans from 7 orders and 23 families, which include aboriginal, introduced and invasive species. Systematically phytophagans are sorted as follows: order Homoptera - 30 species, Hemiptera - 2, Hymenoptera - 1, Lepidoptera - 10, order Diptera - 2, Coleoptera - 7, Acariformes - 3 species. Homoptera order remains the most numerous in the number of species, which accounts for 54.5% of the total number of phytophagans. The dominant species among the local species are euonymus scale, viburnum scale, osier spittlebug, pistache marginal gall aphids, twospotted spider mite. Uncontrolled import of planting material from the European countries has led to the emergence of invasive species with high bio-potential, environmental plasticity, aggressiveness and causing invasions in the parks of the Southern Coast, which leads to the death of plants of local flora and introducents. Currently, 12 invasive species of pests have adapted on the territory of the Crimean parks. The process of invasions continues; it will lead to significant changes in the species composition of phytophagans.

scholarly journals Species composition of land molluscs of Zaporozhye region and anthropochory influence on it

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
N. V. Gural-Sverlova ◽  
V. A. Busel ◽  
R. I. Gural
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Land Snails ◽  
Helix Lucorum ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Eobania Vermiculata ◽  
Land Molluscs

37 species of the land molluscs were identified in the material collected in 2002-2017, many being earlier unknown from Zaporozhye region. In total 39 species of molluscs can be considered as reliably recorded from this region. The presence of some species is the result of anthropochory. This concerns first of all those land snails which have spread from the Crimea: Brephulopsis bidens, B. cylindrica, Phenacolimax annularis, Oxychilus deilus, Monacha fruticola, Xeropicta derbentina, X. krynickii, Eobania vermiculata, Helix lucorum. One species (Xerolenta obvia) was introduced to Zaporozhye region from the western part of Ukraine. The data obtained made it possible to clarify the current distribution of Helicopsis retowskii and Chondrula tridens martynovi over the territory of Ukraine.

Feeling the cold in a warming climate: differential effects of low temperatures on co-occurring eucalypts

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
George Matusick ◽  
Katinka X. Ruthrof ◽  
Jason Pitman ◽  
Giles E. St. J. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
Repeated Events

Climate change is altering extreme temperature events, and is expected to drive changes in species composition as a result. To assess the potential for compositional shifts from low-temperature events, the effects of repeated events in 2010 and 2012 on three co-occurring eucalypts were determined in south-western Australia. To examine the climatic conditions that led to tree damage, and the long-term pattern of low-temperature events, temperatures were monitored on affected sites, and modelled from climate-station data. The three species varied considerably in their susceptibility to low temperatures. Corymbia calophylla K.D.Hill & L.A.S.Johnson was most affected (crown-damage index (CDI) = 47), followed by Eucalyptus marginata Sm. (CDI = 17) and E. wandoo Blakely (CDI = 3), which was comparatively tolerant. The temperatures leading to damage in 2010 and 2012 were –3.4°C and –2.1°C respectively. The frequency of low-temperature events (days below 0°C) have been steadily increasing in the study area since the mid-1990s. Because minimal tree mortality was observed, species composition is unlikely to change as a result of low temperatures in the short term. However, continued dieback from repeated events may disrupt regenerative processes, and cause long-term compositional shifts.

scholarly journals Systems of protection of apple orchards of different ages pests in Crimea

2016 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
E.B. Balykina ◽  
A.M. Cherniy
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Dominant Complex ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Growing Age

The analysis of existing apple protection systems in the Crimea from pests, noted the multiple use of pesticides in gardens — from 14 to 16 chemical treatments per season. Over the last decade in terms of intensification of horticulture marked changes in the species composition of herbivores, established the dominant complex of pests. Designed to protect three apple orchards of the system taking into account the growing age of technology and gardens, the dominant species of pests and the mechanism of action of modern pesticides formulation that enables reduce number of treatments in the 1,5—2,0 times.

scholarly journals Features of phytosanitary condition of rose cultivars of miniature garden group of the collection of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
L. N. Zvonareva ◽  
Z. K. Klimenko ◽  
I. N. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Sphaerotheca Pannosa ◽  
Macrosiphum Rosae ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

The objective of the research is the identification of dominant species of phytophagans and the determination of species composition of causative agents of phytopathogenic diseases of garden group of miniature rose cultivars. Methods of research . Species composition of pests was studied by visual inspection of generative and vegetative organs 1 time in 7-10 days. Samples of affections were analyzed under a binocular microscope in the laboratory. The frequency of pests’ occurrence was determined on a 3-point scale. The assessment of garden roses infestation with fungal diseases was carried out on a natural infectious background on a 5-point scale. Results and discussions. The study was performed on 49 cultivars, of which 46 were introduced species, 3 cultivars were of breeding of the Nikitsky Gardens. As a result of the research, three species of phytophagans belonging to three orders of the class Insecta - Homoptera , Lepidoptera Acarina were revealed. Green rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae L.), rose moth (Archips rosana L.), twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) were most commonly observed during the growing season. In 2016, the focus of reproduction of an invasive species - cattony cushion scale (Icerya purchasi Maskell) was found for the first time on the cultivar of the miniature group Rouletii. The species composition of pathogens of phytopathogenic diseases was identified, the most harmful of which are: powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr)). Lev.), black spot (Marsonina rosae (Lib.) Died, rust (Phragmidium tuberculosis J.). Conclusion. The cultivars that are resistant to fungal diseases mainly dominated in the garden group of miniature roses. For the stable expression of this feature, it is necessary to create optimal conditions for cultivation: the use of preventive sprays with biological preparations or low-risk pesticides and compliance with the regime of agricultural activities. On the base of complex cultivar study, cultivar evaluation and phytosanitary evaluation of roses of the miniature garden group of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens’ collection, an assortment for flower decoration was developed, including 46 cultivars for group planting, which can be recommended for landscaping parks, squares, streets in the populated areas of the Crimea.

scholarly journals Зимостійкість та продуктивність сортів ячменю озимого залежно від строків сівби та норм висіву

2015 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
І. І. Ярчук ◽  
В. Ю. Божко ◽  
О. О. Мороз
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Main Disadvantage

У статті наводяться результати трьохрічнихпольових досліджень з вивчення реакції сортів ячме-ню озимого на строки сівби та норми висіву в умовахпівнічного Степу України. Встановлені оптимальністроки сівби і можливі відхилення строків сівби длякожного з сортів. Через суттєву ваду ячменю озимо-го – низьку резистентність до низьких температур,–значна увага в статті приділяється його зимостій-кості. Особливості росту, розвитку, формуваннязимостійкості та продуктивності розглядаються зурахуванням гідротермічних умов років проведеннядосліджень. This article presents the results of three-year field studies on the reaction of winter barley varieties for terms of sowing and seed rate in the Northern Steppe of Ukraine. The highest level of development in the autumn period have plants of early sowing. The article is mostly dedicated to the main disadvantage of winter barley – its poor resistance to low temperatures. Particularities of growth, winter-resistance forming and productivity are viewed in the light of hydrothermal conditions of a research year.

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