scholarly journals Transcatheter methods of treatment of mitral valve pathology: current state of the problem

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Т.Э. Имаев ◽  
А.Е. Комлев ◽  
И.В. Кучин ◽  
Р.С. Акчурин

Во второй части обзора, посвященного транскатетерным методам лечения патологии митрального клапана (МК), рассматриваются вопросы транскатетерного протезирования МК (TMVI), в том числе: имплантация протеза в кальцинированное нативное фиброзное кольцо (valve-in-MAC), в ранее установленные хирургический биопротез (valve-in-valve) и опорное кольцо МК (valve-in-ring). Также кратко обсуждаются сравнительные преимущества и недостатки двух стратегий хирургического лечения - протезирования и пластической реконструкции – в контексте транскатетерной хирургии МК. Issues of transcatheter mitral valve (MV) implantation (TMVI) including implantation of a prosthesis into calcified native fibrous ring (valve-in- MAC), into previously implanted surgical bioprosthesis (valve-in-valve) and MV support ring (valve-in-ring) are considered in the second part of the review devoted to transcatheter methods of treatment of MV pathology. The comparative advantages and disadvantages of two surgical treatment strategies — prosthetics and plastic reconstruction — are also briefly discussed in the context of MV transcatheter surgery.

2020 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
Т.Э. ИМАЕВ ◽  
А.Е. КОМЛЕВ ◽  
И.В. КУЧИН ◽  
Р.С. АКЧУРИН

Резюме Сложность и вариабельность анатомии митрального клапана (МК) обусловливают необходимость индивидуализированного под0 хода к лечению его патологии, в первую очередь митральной недостаточности. В течение последнего десятилетия разрабатыва0 ются транскатетерные методы лечения патологии МК у пациентов высокого и крайне высокого хирургического риска. Рекон0 структивные вмешательства представлены несколькими разновидностями пластики створок и кольца МК, а также подклапанного аппарата, которые в совокупности были выполнены у нескольких десятков тысяч пациентов. Технический успех и клинические результаты использования некоторых устройств для транскатетерной пластики МК изучены в крупных рандомизированных ис0 следованиях. Наибольшую доказательную базу на сегодняшний день имеет метод краевой пластики створок МК с помощью устройства MitraClip (исследования EVEREST II, MITRA0FR, COAPT). Мировой опыт применения транскатетерного протезирования МК с использованием различных устройств в настоящее время представлен не более чем 400 операциями, однако в ближайшем будущем можно ожидать революционного прорыва этой технологии. Залогом успешного развития транскатетерной терапии МК является пациент0ориентированный подход к выбору оптимального метода реконструкции и используемого устройства на осно0 вании клинических и анатомических особенностей больного. В первой части обзора будут рассмотрены существующие на сегодня транскатетерные методы пластики створок и хорд МК, а также непрямой и прямой митральной аннулопластики. Summary The complexity and variability of the mitral valve (MV) anatomynecessitates an individualized approach to the treatment of its pathology, primarily mitral insufficiency. In the last decade, transcatheter methods for the treatment of MV pathology in patients at high and extremely high surgical risk have been developed. Reconstructive interventions are represented by several varieties of MV sashes and rings, as well as subclavian apparatus, which have been performed together in several tens of thousands of patients. Technical success and clinical results of some devices for transcatheter MC plasty have been studied in large randomized studies. The greatest proof base to date has the method of edge plasty of MV sashes using the MitraClip device (studies EVEREST II, MITRA0FR, COAPT). The world experience of application of transcatheter prosthetics of MV using different devices is currently represented by no more than 400 operations, but in the near future a revolutionary breakthrough of this technology can be expected. The key to successful development of MV transcatheter therapy is a patient0 centered approach to the choice of the optimal method of reconstruction and the device used based on clinical and anatomical features of the patient. The first part of the review will consider existing transcatheter methods of plasty of sashes and chord MV, as well as indirect and direct mitral annuloplasty.


2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Nyman ◽  
Douglas C. Shook ◽  
Stanton Shernan

The advent of percutaneous therapies has significantly altered therapeutic options for patients with valvular heart disease. Building on the success of transcatheter aortic valve replacement, both expanded indications and purpose-built devices are now being used to address percutaneous approaches for mitral valve pathology. While surgical mitral valve repair remains the gold standard for addressing significant mitral valve pathology, there has been a progressive increase in the utilization of bioprosthetic valves despite their limited lifespan. The risks of reoperation to address mitral valve repair failure or bioprosthetic valve dysfunction is not insignificant. In light of the aging population and the potential for significant associated comorbidities, less invasive alternative techniques hold particular appeal. Utilization of commercially available transcatheter aortic valve replacement valves for failed surgical valves has been shown to have better short-term mortality than would be predicted for open reoperation. As a result, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the utilization of transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve replacement for the failed bioprosthetic valve in high surgical risk patients. Despite the favorable outcomes, transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve is not without procedural challenges and potential complications including malpositioning, embolization, paravalvular leak, and outflow tract obstruction. Awareness of these challenges, mitigation strategies, and therapeutic options is imperative to optimizing outcomes in this high-risk patient population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Ahuja ◽  
Gurpreet K. Narde ◽  
Nida Mohammed Ali Wadi ◽  
Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi

: Mutations and their manifestations in the form of various diseases and disorders result in Cancer which is a major cause of human death worldwide. A considerable amount of information is available at the cellular, molecular and genetic level about the occurrence and spread of the precarious cancer and yet there is no cure. The traditional methods of treatment such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical intervention have shown to be moderately effective and keep some types of cancer under control but each modality has its own advantages and disadvantages. In recent years, more advanced methods such as targeted therapies, immunotherapy, and precision medicine are shown to be promising and these fields continue to expand rapidly along with the conventional methods. This review focuses on the reports of advanced methods of treatment from a scientific standpoint to recognize many new and modern approaches. Selective targeting of the tumour cells by nanoparticle based novel drug delivery approaches, includes latest innovations in their preparation strategies and applications. The concept of precision medicine and its impact on treatment are highlighted here with a hope of individualised therapy with minimum side effects as a part of ever-expanding treatment strategies. Additional challenges related to cancer treatment like multi-drug resistance and toxicity are also deliberated in brief. Based on the available reports and scientific evidence, better targeted approaches with better quality clinical outcomes and more precise drug delivery to fit individual treatment needs are anticipated in the near future to control this deadly disease.


2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Endlich ◽  
F Mellert ◽  
J Breuer ◽  
U Herberg ◽  
I Heinze ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Seiffert ◽  
L Conradi ◽  
S Baldus ◽  
J Schirmer ◽  
M Knap ◽  
...  

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Justyn Gach ◽  
Izabela Janus ◽  
Agnieszka Mackiewicz ◽  
Tomasz Klekiel ◽  
Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak

The mitral valve apparatus is a complex structure consisting of the mitral ring, valve leaflets, papillary muscles and chordae tendineae (CT). The latter are mainly responsible for the mechanical functions of the valve. Our study included investigations of the biomechanical and structural properties of CT collected from canine and porcine hearts, as there are no studies about these properties of canine CT. We performed a static uniaxial tensile test on CT samples and a histopathological analysis in order to examine their microstructure. The results were analyzed to clarify whether the changes in mechanical persistence of chordae tendineae are combined with the alterations in their structure. This study offers clinical insight for future research, allowing for an understanding of the process of chordae tendineae rupture that happens during degenerative mitral valve disease—the most common heart disease in dogs.


Author(s):  
Seyed H. Aalaei‐Andabili ◽  
Anthony A. Bavry ◽  
John Petersen ◽  
Michael Massoomi ◽  
George J. Arnaoutakis ◽  
...  

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