scholarly journals Keragaman Serangga Nokturnal dan Peranannya terhadap Agroekosistem di Kota Tasikmalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arif Malik Ramadhan ◽  
Dewi Mirantika ◽  
Dina Septria
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Oryctes Rhinoceros ◽  
Camponotus Pennsylvanicus

Keragaman serangga dinilai dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap kehidupan manusia, termasuk peranan serangga dalam suatu agroekosistem. Serangga memiliki berbagai peranan dalam agroekosistem meliputi serangga hama, polinator, predator, parasitoid, dan dekomposer. Monitoring serangga merupakan langkah awal yang dapat dilaksanakan guna mengetahui keragaman dan keberadaan serangga dalam suatu agroekosistem. Informasi mengenai keragaman serangga serta peranannya terhadap agroekosistem di kota Tasikmalaya masih sangat terbatas sehingga dirasa perlu untuk melaksanakan monitoring keragaman serangga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan pemasangan light trap pada 6 kecamatan berbeda di kota Tasikmalaya yaitu kecamatan Cihideung, Mangkubumi, Tawang, Tamansari, Kawalu, dan Cibeureum selama tiga hari. Serangga yang terperangkap kemudian diidentifikasi dan ditentukan peranannya terhadap agroekosistem. Berdasarkan hasil pemasangan perangkap dan identifikasi, didapatkan 15 spesies serangga berbeda. Sembilan spesies berperan sebagai hama: Drosophila spp., Oryctes rhinoceros, Lepidioma stigma, Leptocorisa acuta, Acanthocephala spp., Scirpophaga innotata, Helicoperva armigera, Spodoptera frugiperda, dan Spodoptera litura. Tiga spesies sebagai polinator: Anopheles spp., Musca domestica, dan Camponotus pennsylvanicus. Dua spesies sebagai predator: Paederus fuscipes dan Ortethrum sabina. Satu spesies sebagai dekomposer: Coptotermes curvignathus.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK BUDIDAYA KUBIS TERHADAP DIVERSITAS ARTHROPODA DAN INTENSITAS SERANGAN Plutella xylostella L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Syarief
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Agrotis Ipsilon ◽  
Diadegma Semiclausum ◽  
Solenopsis Geminata ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Chrysodeixis Chalcites ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa Balung Lor, kecamatan Balung, kabupaten Jember, selama tiga bulan dimulai September sampai dengan Nopember 2013, bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik budidaya kubis terhadap diversitas arthropoda dan intensitas serangan P. xylostella L. Indeks keanekaragaman arthropoda dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shanon-Wiener (H'), indeks domonansi  Simpson (D) dan indeks kemerataan jenis (E). Untuk membedakan  intensitas serangan P. xylostella L.   menggunakan       uji T pada taraf 5%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: diversitas arthropoda pada agroekosistem kubis yang dibudidayakan secara organik maupun konvensional menunjukkan jumlah kelas, ordo, famili dan spesies yang sama yaitu dua kelas,  tujuh ordo, empat belas famili dan enam belas spesies. Status dalam jaring makanan meliputi hama terdiri atas sembilan spesies yaitu Oxya chinensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae), P. xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), Agrotis ipsilon Hufnage (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Crocidolomia pavonana Zell. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Myzus persicae Sulz. (Homoptera: Aphididae), Spodoptera litura F.( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Chrysodeixis chalcites Esp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) dan Phyllotretta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomilidae). Lima spesies predator meliputi: Leptogaster sp (Diptera: Asilidae), Oxyopes javanus (Araneae: Oxyopidae), Lycosa sp. (Araneae: Lycosidae), Mantis religeosa (Araneae: Mantidae) dan Solenopsis geminata F. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), satu parasitoid Diadegma semiclausum Hellen.  (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) dan satu detrivora Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae). Jumlah individu hama, predator, parasitoid maupun detrivora pada agroekosistem kubis yang dibudidayakan secara organik menunjukkan lebih besar dibanding konvensional. Indeks diversitas arthropoda pada teknik budidaya organik lebih tinggi dibanding konvensional. Intensitas serangan  P. xylostella F. pada teknik budidaya organik dibanding konvensional menunjukkan berbeda tidak nyata.

scholarly journals Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson Incidence on Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera frugiperda in Andhra Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1262-1270
Author(s):  
Y. Peeru Saheb K. Manjula ◽  
K. Devaki R. Sarada Jaya Lakshmi ◽  
B. Ravindra Reddy N. C. Venkateswarlu
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Nomuraea Rileyi

scholarly journals UJI EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA JENIS PERANGKAP TERHADAP KUMBANG TANDUK (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) (COLEOPTERA; SCARABAEIDAE)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Rieske Luhukay ◽  
Betty Sahetapy ◽  
Aminudin Umasangadji
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Oryctes Rhinoceros

The objective of this study was to determine the types of traps that were effective in trapping horn beetles (O. rhinoceros L.). The research was conducted in Latuhalat Village, Nusaniwe District, Ambon Municipality, from September till November 2016. The treatment consisted of light trap, pheromone trap and pheromone and light trap. Observations were done on the number of imago of O. rhinoceros L. trapped and its sex ratio on each treatment. The results showed that pheromone trap was the most effective trap on O. rhinoceros L.

scholarly journals Avidin expression does not increase speed of kill of Spodoptera litura by baculovirus

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.N. Gatehouse ◽  
N.P. Markwick ◽  
J. Poulton ◽  
J.T. Christeller
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Insect Cell Culture ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Green Fluorescence ◽  
Strong Fluorescence ◽  
Nuclear Polyhedrosis ◽  
Green Fluorescent

A disarmed (polhminus) Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virusbased baculovirus expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) on the strong late promotor p10 was constructed A second virus was made which also expressed the biotinbinding protein avidin from the strong late promotor polh Both viruses caused strong fluorescence in Spodoptera frugiperda cells in insect cell culture Sevendayold larvae of Spodoptera litura were inoculated by microinjection with GFP virus GFPavidin virus or tissue culture medium (control) Mortality growth rate and the development of green fluorescence were followed and after death the larvae were analysed for GFP and avidin content All virusinjected larvae developed strong fluorescence However no significant differences in growth or mortality were seen between the larvae injected with virus expressing and not expressing avidin Both GFP and avidin accumulated to high levels in the larvae The expression of avidin did not change the level of expression of GFP

scholarly journals Optimizing Photoperiod, Exposure Time, and Host-to-Parasitoid Ratio for Mass-Rearing of Telenomus remus, an Egg Parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda, on Spodoptera litura Eggs

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1050
Author(s):  
Wanbin Chen ◽  
Qingfen Weng ◽  
Rui Nie ◽  
Hongzhi Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Telenomus Remus

Telenomus remus (Nixon) is a dominant egg parasitoid of the destructive agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and so is used in augmentative biocontrol programs in several countries. An optimized mass-rearing system is essential to produce biological control products in a timely and cost-effective manner. In this study, the photoperiod, host egg:parasitoid ratio, and exposure time were evaluated to identify the optimal rearing conditions for T. remus on the alternative host Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) eggs. Results showed that increasing photoperiod above 12L:12D remarkably improved parasitoid progeny yield and life table parameters. Overlong photoperiods shortened female longevity, but within acceptable limits. There was a significant negative correlation between parasitism rate and host egg:parasitoid ratio under exposure times of 12 and 36 h, but not 24 h. Percentage of female progeny increased significantly along with increasing the host egg:parasitoid ratio. A significant negative relationship between the number of emerged adults per egg and the host egg:parasitoid ratio was observed at an exposure time of 36 h. It was concluded that T. remus may be mass-reared most efficiently on S. litura eggs using a photoperiod of more than 12L:12D, a 14–20:1 host egg:parasitoid ratio, and an exposure time of 24 h. These findings can be used to produce T. remus more efficiently and at lower costs.

scholarly journals ANTIFEEDANT ACTIVITY FROM NEEM LEAF EXTRACT (Azadirachta indica A Juss)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Ridha Kurniati ◽  
Nurdin Saidi ◽  
Rosnani Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Leaf Disk ◽  
Antifeedant Activity ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Antifeedant activity of neem leaf (A. indica A. Juss) has been identified by against Tenebrio molitor bio-indicator. The highest activity was obtained on ethyl acetate extract at 0.5% concentration having Antifeedant Index (AI) of 51.53% and most active at 10% concentration of 82.05%. The method used to test the antifeedant activity is the no choice leaf disk method. Secondary metabolites contained in neem leaf extract (A. indica A. juss) include terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins and phenolics. Keywords: Neem leaf (Azadirachta Indica A.Juss),  No choice leaf disk method, Antifeedant ActivityREFFERENCES Benge, M.D. 1986. Neem the Cornucopia Tree. S and T/FENR Agroforestation Technical Series No. 5. Agency for International Development Washington, D.C.190p.Schumutterer., H. 2002. Properties and Potensial of Natural pPsticides from Neem Tree, Azadirachta indica Ann. Rev. Entomol. 35; 271-291Alzohairy, M.A. 2016. Review Article Therapeutics Role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Their Active Constituents in Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Article ID 7382506, 11p.4.       Patel, S.M., Venkata., K.C.N., Bhattacharyya, P., Sethi, G., Bishayee, A. 2016. Potential of Neem (Azadirachta indica) For Prevention and treatment of Oncologic Diseases Seminar In Cancer BiologyDiabate, D., Gnago, J.A., Tano, Y., 2014. Toxicity, Antifeedant and Repellent, effect of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Jatropa carcus L. aqueous extracts agaianst Plutella xylostella  (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res. 4 (11) : 51 – 60Jeyasankar, A., and Gokilamani, D., 2016. Biology and eco-friendly control of Amaranth pests, Hymenia recurvalis Fabricus and Psara basalis (Lepidoptera : Crambidae) Inter. J. Acad. Stud. 2 (4): 218 – 230.Pavunraj, M., Muthu, C., Ignacimuthu,S., Janarthanan, S., Duraipandiyan, V., Raja, N. and Vimalraj, S. 2011. Antifeedant Activity of a Novel 6-(4,7-hydroxyl-heptyl)Quinone From The Leaves of The Milkweed Pergularia daemia on The Cotton Bollworm Helicoverpa armegera (Hub.) and The Tobacco Armworm Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Phytoparasitica 39 : 145 – 150.Munoz, E., Lamilla, C., Marin, J.C., Alarcon, J., Cespedes, C.L.m 2012. Antifeedant, Insect Growth and Insecticidal Effec of Calceolaria talcana (Calceolariaceae) on Dropsopphila melanogaster and Spodoptera frugiperda Industrial Crops and Product, 42, 137 – 144.Saxena, M., Saxena, J., Nema, R., Singh, D and Gupta, A. 2013. Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Journal pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1;6.Liu, L., Zhao, Y.L., Cheng, G.G., Chen, Y.Y., Qin, angX.J., C.C.W., Yang, X.W., Liu, Y.P., Luo, X.D, 2014. Antifeedant activity and effect of fruits and seed extract of Cabralea canjerana canjerana (Vell.) Mart. (Meliaceae) on the immature stages of the fall armworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Crops and Product. 65 ; 156 – 158.Schoonhven, LM. 1982. Biologycal Aspect of Antifeedant . Ent, Exp and Appl  .31: 57 - 69Gahukar, R.T. 2014. Factor Affecting Content and Bioefficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Phytochemicals used in Agriculture pest control A Review. Crop Protection. 62: 93 – 99.Pattanaik, S.J., Ranghupati, N.D.,Chary, P.2006.Ecomorphometric Marker Reflect Variation in Azadirachtin Contents of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) in Select Regions of Andhra Pradesh India. Curr. Sci, 91:628 – 636.Adel, M.M., Sehnal, H., Jurzysta, M. 2000. Effects of Alfalfa safonin on the Moth Spodoptera litura Journal of Chemical Ecology, 26 : 7-14Shuklar, Y.N., Rani, A. Tripathi,A.K., Sharma, S. 1996. Antifeedant, Activity of Ursolic Acid Isolation from Duboisia myoporoides Phytotheraphy, 10 : 359 – 360Walter, J.F. 1999. Commercial With Neem Product, P. 155-170. In Franklin R, Hall and Julius J. Menn. Biopesticides Use and Delivery. Humana Press. Totowo, New Jersey. 

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