scholarly journals Fertility and timing of the embryonic development of Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in laboratory conditions at different temperatures

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-28
Author(s):  
M. Bashchenko ◽  
V. Chayka
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biological Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Goal. The effect of temperature on fertility and the timing of the embryonic development of the chestnut moth under laboratory conditions was studied. Methods. Laboratory. Selected pupae of the chestnut moth were placed in thermostats (at a temperature of 15, 20, 25, 30). Then, 5 pairs of pupae of different sexes were placed in glass cages in which the paper was pre-inserted, as a substrate for egg laying. Experiments were performed in four versions — 10 replications each. Cages with each variant were placed in polythermostats at temperatures of 15, 20, 25 and 30°С. After the butterflies flew out, the paper was taken out of the cage regularly (every two days) and under a microscope of MBS-9 (eyepiece 0.6 magnification 2), the number of laid eggs and caterpillars that hatch were counted. The results were processed statistically by standard methods for biological data. Results. It was determined that at a temperature of 15°C 50% of caterpillars were released from 40 eggs. At 25°C, out of 187 laid chestnut moth eggs, 65% of caterpillars were released. At 20°C, butterflies laid aside 83 instances. 54% of the caterpillars were released. At 30°C, the female chestnut moth was set aside on 17 instances eggs whose embryonic development has not occurred. It was revealed that at 15 and 30°С females are the least active, thus, optimal temperatures for keeping the chestnut moth in laboratory conditions are in the range of 20—25°С. Under these conditions, butterflies mate and lay eggs, the survival rate of which reaches 54—65%. The technique makes it possible in the laboratory to investigate the influence of environmental factors on the state of the chestnut moth population. Findings. It was determined that in laboratory conditions the optimum temperature for the deposition of chestnut moth eggs is 25°C. Butterflies favor the green substrate. Embryonic development lasts 6.1 ± 0.12 days, the survival rate of the populations is 25%. The method of obtaining chestnut moth eggs allows for in-depth experimental studies of the influence of environmental factors on the state of the chestnut moth population.

The effect of temperature on gonad, embryonic development and survival rate of juvenile seahorses, Hippocampus kuda Bleeker

Aquaculture ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 254 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 701-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Lin ◽  
Junyi Lu ◽  
Yongli Gao ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Jin Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Hippocampus Kuda

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Life Cycle of Spodoptera frugiperda under Laboratory Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ramzan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Conditions

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Diptera:Lepidoptera) is a destructive pest of agricultural crops especially maize in many countries including Pakistan. The environmental factors like temperature play significant role in the growth and development of insect pests. It is very important to know the proper knowledge about effect of temperature on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda before managing this pest. For this purpose, the current study was conducted to check the effect of temperature (20 and 26◦C) on the life cycle of S. frugiperda under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the developmental times of all stages (eggs, larvae and pupae) were inversely related to temperature. The incubation period of eggs was 4.01±0.00b and 2.00±0.00b at 20 and 26◦C, respectively. The development time of first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth larval instar was 3.51±0.10b, 3.04±0.15b, 2.33±0.10b, 2.97±0.14b, 3.45±0.19b and 4.99± 0.22b, respectively at 20◦C while 2.77±0.13c, 2.89±0.20bc, 2.09±0.12bc, 2.22±0.17bc, 2.90±0.23c and 3.56±0.19b, respectively at 26◦C. The time of growth and development was increased at low temperature while reduced at high temperature. The food consumption rate and molting period of larvae can increase at high temperature for complete their growth and development. The current study concluded that environmental factors like temperature are highly effect the insect pests morphology and biology.

scholarly journals Internal embryonic development in a non-copulatory, egg-laying teleost, the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Dean ◽  
Shaun Robertson ◽  
Muayad Mahmud ◽  
Andrew D. C. MacColl
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Egg Laying

scholarly journals Embryonic development of the fire-eye-tetra Moenkhausia oligolepis (Characiformes: Characidae)

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Raquel Santos dos Santos ◽  
Jeane Rodrigues Rodrigues ◽  
Jhennifer Gomes Cordeiro ◽  
Hadda Tercya ◽  
Marissol Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Classification ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Adhesive Surface ◽  
Taxonomic Studies

Summary This study describes the embryonic development of Moenkhausia oligolepis in laboratory conditions. After fertilization, the embryos were collected every 10 min up to 2 h, then every 20 min up to 4 h, and afterwards every 30 min until hatching. The fertilized eggs of M. oligolepis measured approximately 0.85 ± 0.5 mm and had an adhesive surface. Embryonic development lasted 14 h at 25ºC through the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, and segmentation phases. Hatching occurred in embryos around the 30-somites stage. The present results contribute only the second description of embryonic development to a species from the Moenkhausia genus, being also the first for this species. Such data are of paramount importance considering the current conflicting state of this genus phylogenetic classification and may help taxonomic studies. Understanding the biology of a species that is easily managed in laboratory conditions and has an ornamental appeal may assist studies in its reproduction to both supply the aquarium market and help the species conservation in nature. Moreover, these data enable the use of M. oligolepis as a model species in biotechnological applications, such as the germ cell transplantation approach.

Reproduction in Aplysia californica: correlations between egg laying in vivo and egg release in vitro

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2163-2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Edward Dudek ◽  
Amd Bonnie Soutar ◽  
Stephen S. Tobe
Keyword(s):  
Aplysia Californica ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Previous Episode ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Release In Vitro

Aspects of egg laying by isolated Aplysia californica and egg release from ovotestis fragments were compared under laboratory conditions. The volume of eggs laid per episode increased as a function of time since the previous episode of egg laying. Egg output in vivo and egg release in vitro were maximal in autumn and minimal in spring, but a factor in the parietovisceral ganglion evoked egg release from ovotestis fragments throughout the year. These data are consistent with previous studies which have suggested that the effects of season and egg-laying history on egg laying involve substantial changes in the ovotestis.

Experimental studies in insect parasitism XIV. The haemocytic reaction of a caterpillar to larvae of its habitual parasite

1966 ◽  
Vol 165 (999) ◽  
pp. 155-178 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protective Property ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ephestia Kuehniella ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Ionic Exchange

Although caterpillars of Ephestia kuehniella promptly encapsulate alien parasites and other foreign bodies in their haemocoele, they do not normally encapsulate larvae of their habitual parasite Nemeritis canescens , which develop unhindered and eventually destroy their host. The larva of Nemeritis does not achieve this immunity by repelling the blood cells, or by physically dislodging them. It is immune because it is able to live in the haemocoele of Ephestia without evoking a haemocytic reaction; presumably, that is, because it is not recognized as a foreign body. That ability is due to a property of its surface. So long as its surface remains unaltered, the larva, alive or dead, evokes no haemocytic reaction. When its surface is altered whether by perforation, abrasion, or chemical treatment, the living larva evokes a haemocytic reaction in Ephestia and becomes encapsulated. The protective property of its surface is acquired by the larva very late in its embryonic development, between 62 and 66 hours of age at 25 °C. This is about the same time as, or a little later than, the cuticle of the embryonic larva becomes impermeable to water. Four fat solvents were found to deprive the living larva of its immunity, but they may have affected the protective surface by disrupting the underlying wax layer of the epicuticle. Treatments and substances that did not affect the protective surface give some crude indications of its properties, but its ultimate characterization must be in terms of insect immunology. Observations incidental to the main theme of the paper show that the cuticle of the larva is impermeable to water; that ionic exchange takes place through the anus and wall of the rectum, where some food substances may also be absorbed from the blood of the host; and that the order of formation of the cuticulin and wax layers of the embryonic larva is the same as that in ecdysis from instar to instar in other insects. They also provide information on the longevity of bitten supernumerary larvae.

scholarly journals Active Yeast but Not Henhouse Environment Affects Dropping Moisture Levels in Egg-Laying Hens

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2179
Author(s):  
Xue Cheng ◽  
Yuchen Liu ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Lujiang Qu ◽  
Zhonghua Ning
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Absolute Pressure ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Laying Performance

Dropping moisture (DM) refers to the water content in feces. High DM negatively affects poultry production, environment, production costs, and animal health. Heredity, nutrition, environment, and disease may affect DM level. DM has medium inheritability and is related to cage height in henhouses. We examined the relationship among DM level, production performance, and environmental factors at different locations at the same henhouse height and effects of three types of additives. We measured the correlation between environmental factors including temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, absolute pressure, and DM levels and laying performance of 934 Rhode Island Red hens. DM level was not significantly associated with environmental factors or production performance. We divided 64 persistently high DM hens into control and treatment groups supplied with different additives (probiotics, anisodamine, and antibiotics). DM levels, laying performance, egg quality, and serum biochemical indices were determined. Compared with the control and antibiotics, probiotics significantly reduced DM levels and eggshell strength while improving yolk color but did not significantly affect production performance. The additives reduced the b value of eggshell color; compared with probiotics, anisodamine decreased serum globulin levels. Exogenous active yeast supplementation can significantly reduce DM levels.

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