scholarly journals Normalized glucose variability by Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) in CGM study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Muneta T ◽  
Kawaguchi E ◽  
Hayashi M ◽  
Bando H ◽  
Ebe K
Keyword(s):  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Freestyle Libre ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Glucose Lowering Effect

In diabetic practice, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been more used for glucose variability. Authors have reported and developed the clinical study of Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and Calorie Restriction (CR) through Japan LCD Promotion Association (JLCDPA). A diabetic case is presented with normalizing glucose variability by LCD meal checked by CGM. Case is 51 years female with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). At first visit, HbA1c was 10.0%, glucose was 288mg/dL, BMI 39.1, GOT 16IU/mL, HDL-C 33mg/dL, Triglyceride 152mg/dL. CR meal was provided on day-1 to day-5 and LCD meal with 12% carbohydrate on day-6 to day-13. Average glucose value from CGM was 292mg/dL, 235mg/dL, 160mg/dL, 140mg/dL, 124mg/dL in day 3,5,7,9,11 respectively. On day-13, total Ketone bodies (T-KB) 540μmol/L (-131), Acetoacetic acid (AcAc) 86μmol/L (-55) and 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-OHBA) 454μmol/L (-85). Weight reduction was 5kg on day-14 and 11.2kg on day-70 with BMI 34.6. Thus, LCD showed a remarkable glucose-lowering effect in short term. FreeStyle Libre (Abbott, USA) seems to be a useful apparatus for monitoring the detailed fluctuation of blood glucose. These results would become fundamental and reference data and contribute to the LCD research development in the future.

scholarly journals Relationship of Glucose Variability and Daily Lifestyle by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Yamashita H ◽  
Kato Y ◽  
Bando H ◽  
Kanazawa S ◽  
Tanaka M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Freestyle Libre ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Working Day ◽  
Multiple Daily Insulin Injections ◽  
Relationship Of

Authors and collaborators have continued diabetic practice and research on low carbohydrate diet (LCD), continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and so on. The case is a 64-year-old male with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI). When his HbA1c was 8.2% before, he changed to take tofu instead of rice and bread. HbA1c decreased to 7.1% and 4kg of weight reduction in 2 months. Tofu is a traditional Japanese food made from soybeans, which is a suitable LCD with Protein:Fat:Carbohydrate (PFC) ratio=40:45:15 in this case. His HbA1c is recently unstable, then glucose variability was investigated by CGM using FreeStyle Libre. The glucose pattern was different due to his lifestyle, including working day, off day, playing golf, respectively. The average glucose was 143-167 mg/dL and the estimated HbA1c was 7.1%, whereas HbA1c in outclinic was 8.1%, respectively. This report will hopefully become reference data for future research.

scholarly journals Urinary C-Peptide Excretion for Diabetic Treatment in Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD)

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Bando ◽  
Koji Ebe ◽  
Tetsuo Muneta ◽  
Masahiro Bando ◽  
Yoshikazu Yonei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Diabetic Treatment ◽  
Average Glucose

Background: Arguments have continued about Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and Calorie Restriction (CR). Authors have reported clinical research of LCD and Morbus (M) value. Subjects and Methods: Subjects enrolled are 84 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 60.9 ± 10.9 years. The protocol were as follows: 1) CR diet on day 1, 2 with 60% carbohydrates, and LCD on day 3-14 with 12% carbohydrates, 2) Daily profile of blood glucose 7 times a day on day 2 (CR) and day 4 (LCD), 3) urinary C-Peptide radioimmunoassay (u-CPR) excretion, 4) M value calculation, 5) investigation of these data with correlation. Results: Subjects were classified into 4 groups according to M value, which were .4–21, 23–66, 29–192, 200–728, respectively. HbA1c value was 6.2, 8.0, 7.8, 9.2 %, respectively. Blood glucose in median from day 2 to day 4 were 123 to 107 mg/dL, 164 to 130 mg/dL, 193 to 156 mg/dL, 277 to 201 mg/dL, respectively. M value in median from day 2 to 4 was 6.3 to 9, 41 to 7, 108 to 16, 367 to 88, respectively. u-CPR was 88 to 58, 53 to 35, 65 to 52, 74 to 64, respectively. There were significant correlations among among glucose, M value and u-CPR. Discussion and Conclusion: Average glucose, M value and u-CPR decreased remarkably on day 4. As average glucose and M value were higher, decrease degree were larger. These results suggested that carbohydrate in meal would influence glucose variability in T2DM. Our data would become basic data for pathophysiological analysis of glucose variability research in the future.

scholarly journals Difference of Glucose variability between Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and Calorie Restriction (CR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (S1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Bando ◽  
Koji Ebe ◽  
Tetsuo Muneta ◽  
Masahiro Bando ◽  
Yoshikazu Yonei
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Average Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Lowering Effect ◽  
The Difference

Background: There have been lots of discussion and controversy concerning the difference between Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) and Calorie Restriction (CR). The important points include glucose variability, glucose-lowering effect, weight reduction degree and influence on lipid metabolism. Subjects and Methods: Enrolled subjects were 47 patients with T2DM. Methods included the study for providing subjects CR meal with 60% carbohydrate on day 1-2 and LCD meal with 12% on day 3-14. Daily profile of blood glucose was studied seven times a day on day 2 and day 4. Further, biomarkers including HbA1c, average blood glucose, and M value were investigated and analyzed for mutual correlations. Results: Subjects were categorized into 4 groups according to the average glucose value, which were 124mg/dL, 160mg/dL, 206mg/dL, and 281mg/dL, respectively. Data in 4 groups were as follows: Number; 12,12,12,11, Male/Female; 6/6, 3/9, 6/6, 5/6, mean age; 51.3, 60.9, 65.3, 60.6 years old, HbA1c; 6.1%, 7.1%, 8.0%, 8.9%, fasting glucose on day 2; 109 mg/dL, 136 mg/dL, 178 mg/dL, 224mg/dL, respectively. Daily profiles of blood glucose in 4 groups on day 4 were remarkably decreased than those of day 2. The levels of M value indicating average blood glucose and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) on day 2 vs 4 were compared in 4 groups, which are 7.1 vs 10.5, 39.7 vs 5.0, 139 vs 15.7, 367 vs88, respectively. Correlations among HbA1c, M value and average blood glucose showed significant correlations (p<0.01). Discussion and Conclusion: Obtained results showed that the distribution of daily profile of blood glucose in 4 groups is separated. Further similar tendency was observed in HbA1c and M value.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring After Gastric Bypass to Evaluate the Glucose Variability After a Low-Carbohydrate Diet and to Determine Hypoglycemia

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2111-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Bach Nielsen ◽  
Caroline Bruun Abild ◽  
Ane Mathilde Pedersen ◽  
Steen Bønløkke Pedersen ◽  
Bjørn Richelsen
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Variability ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

scholarly journals Low-carbohydrate diet scores and risk of type 2 diabetes in men

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 844-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence de Koning ◽  
Teresa T Fung ◽  
Xiaomei Liao ◽  
Stephanie E Chiuve ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Effect of Low-Carbohydrate Diet on Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with the Aid of Intelligent Administration of Insulin-Loaded Nanoparticle

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1445-1451
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Zhang ◽  
Youyou Zhang ◽  
Lingjia Gu ◽  
Haiying Tao ◽  
Shuang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Hba1c Levels ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Nanoparticles play a major role in drug delivery. We investigated the effects of the intelligent administration of insulin-loaded nanoparticles (ILNP) when combined with a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on the metabolism of patients with type 2 diabetes. ILNP and smart vesicle polymers were developed, and their properties were studied in vitro. Further clinical trials were performed, during which body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were compared between type 2 diabetes patients on LCDs those on normal diets. The results demonstrated that ILNP resisted protease degradation due to steric hindrance, and remained relatively stable at a pH range of 5.0 to 7.4. The nanoparticle enteric-coated capsules resisted the gastric juice acidity (pH = 2.5) and ensured the stable embedding of the insulin. The insulin was then released at a slightly higher pH (pH = 6.6), which mimicked the small intestine. Smart vesicle polymers further embedded the insulin and glucose oxidase simultaneously in nano polymer compounds, which allowed for a dose-dependent response to the concentration of glucose. Thus, the insulin was not released in a low-concentration glucose solution, but rather in a high-concentration glucose solution. Based on these results, we concluded that the clinical trial results showed that the intelligent administration of ILNP combined with a LCD reduced BMI, FBG, and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Low-carbohydrate diet by staple change attenuates postprandial GIP and CPR levels in type 2 diabetes patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 107415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mizuho Kondo-Ando ◽  
Yusuke Seino ◽  
Risa Morikawa ◽  
Kana Negi ◽  
Hidechika Todoroki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Diabetes Patients

scholarly journals Differential effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and low-carbohydrate diet on body composition and metabolic profile in obese diabetic db/db mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001303
Author(s):  
Toru Kusakabe ◽  
Shigefumi Yokota ◽  
Mika Shimizu ◽  
Takayuki Inoue ◽  
Masashi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
The Body ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

IntroductionTreatment using sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor and low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) for obesity and type 2 diabetes are similar in terms of carbohydrate limitation. However, their mechanisms of action differ, and the effects on the body remain unclear. We investigated the effects of SGLT2 inhibitor and LCD on body composition and metabolic profile using the db/db mouse model for obesity and type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsEight-week-old male db/db mice were divided into four groups: mice receiving normal diet and vehicle or canagliflozin (Cana) administration and mice receiving LCD and vehicle or Cana administration for 8 weeks. Consumed calories were adjusted to be equal among the groups.ResultsBoth Cana administration and LCD feeding resulted in significant weight gain. Cana administration significantly decreased plasma glucose levels and increased plasma insulin levels with preservation of pancreatic β cells. However, LCD feeding did not improve plasma glucose levels but deteriorated insulin sensitivity. LCD feeding significantly reduced liver weight and hepatic triglyceride content; these effects were not observed with Cana administration. Combined treatment with LCD did not lead to an additive increase in blood β-ketone levels.ConclusionsSGLT2 inhibitors and LCD exert differential effects on the body. Their combined use may achieve better metabolic improvements in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

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