scholarly journals Farmers-Herders Conflict and Nigeria’s Quest for Food Security: The Imperative Need for Information Communications Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olawale Olufemi Akinrinde ◽  
Abdullahi Abdullazeez Osuwa ◽  
Kayode Wakili Olawoyin
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Information Communications Technology ◽  
The Impact

Although, Nigeria is chiefly known for its oil and gas production, agriculture employs about 70 per cent of its labour force. Nigeria has experienced severe farmers-herders conflict that has negatively influenced her agricultural production capacity, resulting in severe food insecurity. Tensions have grown over the past decades, with increasingly violent flare-ups between the farmers and the herdsmen spreading across the entire country. In recent times, many scholarly studies and inquiries on the impact of Information Communications Technology, particularly with respect to promoting food security in Nigeria, have been engendered mainly by the need to ensure greater agricultural outputs among farmers and other agriculturists. However, only scanty attention had been devoted to the need to understand the imperativeness of the use of Information Communications Technology in the quest to proffer solutions to the incessant farmers-herdsmen conflicts that have also contributed to the unpalatable state of food security in Nigeria. The study adopts Karl Marx’s Conflict Theory as a framework of analysis and qualitative date elicited through content analysis of desktop date. Hinging on this theory, this study contends that the farmers-herdsmen conflict is inevitable like every other conflict due to the competition for limited land resources. The study however found out that why the farmers-herdsmen conflict has persisted, among many other factors, was due to the failure of relevant stakeholders to leverage on the possibilities of Information Communications Technology to address the technological gap in the conflict. While further findings suggest that the principal causes and aggravating factors behind the escalating conflict are climatic changes; population growth; technological and economic changes; crime; political and ethnic strife; and cultural changes, the lack of use of Information Communications Technology in the areas of educating both the farmers and herders, awareness creation, crime reporting and conflicts resolution further compounds the farmers-herdsmen conflicts. This study recommends the need for proper and improved use of I.C.T. in the processes to address the farmers-herdsmen conflicts.

Wet Gas Impeller Test Facility

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trond G. Gru¨ner ◽  
Lars E. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Inlet Conditions ◽  
The Impact

The development of wet gas compressors will enable increased oil and gas production rates and enhanced profitable operation by subsea well-stream boosting. A more fundamental knowledge of the impact of liquid is essential with regard to the understanding of thermodynamic and fluid dynamic compressor behavior. An open-loop impeller test facility was designed to investigate the wet gas performance, aerodynamic stability, and operation range. The facility was made adaptable for different impeller and diffuser geometries. In this paper, the wet gas test facility and experimental work concerning the impact of wet gas on a representative full-scale industrial impeller are presented. The centrifugal compressor performance was examined at high gas volume fractions and atmospheric inlet conditions. Air and water were used as experimental fluids. Dry and wet gas performance was experimentally verified and analyzed. The results were in accordance with previous test data and indicated a stringent influence of the liquid phase. Air/water tests at atmospheric conditions were capable of reproducing the general performance trend of hydrocarbon wet gas compressor tests at high pressure.

Dropped Object Impact Analysis of Subsea Tree Frame

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumarswamy Karpanan ◽  
Craig Hamilton-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Terminal Velocity ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Operational Life ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Electrical Components ◽  
The Impact

Subsea oil and gas production involves assemblies such as trees, manifolds, and pipelines that are installed on sea floor. Each of these components is exposed to severe working conditions throughout its operational life and is difficult and expensive to repair or retrieve installed. During installation and operation, a rig/platform and several supply vessels are stationed on the waterline directly above the well and installed equipment below. If any object is to be dropped overboard, it presents a hazard to the installed equipment. A subsea tree comprises of a number of critical components such as valves and hydraulic actuators, in addition to several electrical components such as the subsea control module and pressure/temperature gauges. Their ability to operate correctly is vital to the safe production of oil and gas. If an object were to impact and damage these components, resulting in their inability to operate as intended, the consequences could be severe. In this paper, a typical subsea tree frame is analyzed to ensure its ability to withstand the impact from an object accidentally dropped overboard. This was accomplished using nonlinear dynamic Finite Element Analysis (FEA). In this study, the framework was struck by a rigid body at terminal velocity, resulting in a given impact energy. Displacements and resultant strain values at critical locations were then compared to allowable limits to ensure compliance to the design requirements.

scholarly journals The Assessment of the Impact of Sanctions on Russia for Oil & Gas Industry and Defence Industry Complex of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. V. Kazantsev
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
Defence Industry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the results of the author’s research of the impact of a wide range of restrictions and prohibitions applied to theRussian Federation, used by a number of countries for their geopolitical purposes and as a means of competition. The object of study was the impact of anti-Russian sanctions on the development of Oil & Gas industry and defence industry complex ofRussiain 2014–2016. The purpose of the analysis was to assess the impact of sanctions on the volume of oil and gas production, the dynamics of foreign earnings from the export of oil and gas, and of foreign earnings from the sale abroad of military and civilian products of the Russian defence industry complex (DIC). As the research method, the author used the economic analysis of the time series of statistical data presented in open statistics and literature. The author showed that some countries use the anti-Russian sanctions as a means of political, financial, economic, scientific, and technological struggle with the leadership ofRussiaand Russian economic entities. It is noteworthy that their introduction in 2014 coincided with the readiness of theUSto export gas and oil, which required a niche in the international energy market. The imposed sanctions have affected the volume of oil production inRussia, which was one of the factors of reduction of foreign earnings from the country’s oil and gas exports. However, the Russian defence industry complex has relatively well experienced the negative impact of sanctions and other non-market instruments of competition

It's Not the End of Petroleum Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nathan Meehan
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Technical Conference ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High

Abstract Is this the end of petroleum engineering as we know it? This prescient question led to the most downloaded paper from onepetro.org in 2019. The events of 2020 resulted in massive layoffs, decreased hiring and many fewer students studying petroleum engineering. In the 2019 paper the authors claimed that the future would hold fewer petroleum engineering jobs and very different types of jobs. This paper incorporates a broader range of data and proposes some specific ways to improve prospects for the discipline of petroleum engineering. The opportunity for a near-term recovery is very high as the world overcomes COVID-19 issues, oil demand recovers and the impact of chronic underinvestment in oil and gas production looms. The world's largest producers have very different abilities to respond to a near-term uptick in demand. Energy transition pressures continue to cap growth in demand; however, demand for petroleum engineers is expected to grow under almost every scenario, but not to pre-2015 levels. Increased demand in CCUS and jobs that improve sustainability of oil and gas will continue to outpace conventional jobs. Data analytics will play an increasingly large role in engineering activities. The "Is it the end?" paper started with a question, a question that I first heard asked in 1977 at the SPE Annual Fall Technical Conference and Exhibition in Denver to 1972 SPE President M. Scott Kraemer. I have heard it many times since then and asked it many times. "Would you recommend that your son or daughter study petroleum engineering?" The answer to that question was pretty easy and unanimously positive in 1977. Keep this question in mind as we review what has happened since the prior paper came out.

Subsea Oil and Gas Production Assurance Using Artificial Lifts and Nodal Analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna A. Okaro ◽  
Longbin Tao
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Submersible Pump ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Nodal Analysis ◽  
Multiphase Pump ◽  
Electrical Submersible Pump ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes how the operation of deep, subsea oil wells can be analyzed and optimized using artificial lift systems. A modest explanation was offered about an enhanced Hubbert model for determining production targets at pre-feed phase of project. In addition, the impact of artificial lifts on the economics of subsea wells facing hyperbolic production decline was illustrated. The principle of Nodal analysis was highlighted and applied to optimize a proposed subsea oil production case. Configurations of a nominally rated rod pump, a multiphase pump and an electrical submersible pump were modelled in a steady-state flow using Pipesim software and the simulated results which were functions of liquid flow rate and pressure distribution across the production system exposed the behavior of the system. The results showed that over 100% volumetric efficiency was achieved using a combination of electrical submersible pump at the bottom hole and a multiphase pump at riser base. A guide is presented on how to predict, analyze and enhance the recovery curve of subsea oil production using artificial lifts and nodal-system analysis. The benefit of this work is an enabling cost-effective approach for ensuring production assurance in deep water oil and gas production.

Variable Inlet Guide Vane Losses and Their Effect on Downstream Impeller and Diffuser in Wet Gas Flow

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levi André B. Vigdal ◽  
Lars E. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Guide Vane ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Inlet Guide Vane ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
The Impact

Adopting the innovative technology found in a compressor able to compress a mixture of natural gas and condensate has great potential for meeting future challenges in subsea oil and gas production. Benefits include reduced size, complexity and cost, enhanced well output, longer producing life and increased profits, which in turn offer opportunities for exploiting smaller oil and gas discoveries or extending the commercial life of existing fields. Introducing liquid into a centrifugal compressor creates several thermodynamic and fluid-mechanical challenges. The paper reviews some of the drive mechanisms involved in wet gas compression and views them in the context of the test results presented. An inlet guide vane (IGV) assembly has been installed in a test facility for wet gas compressors and the effect of wet gas on IGV performance documented. The impact of changes in IGV performance on impeller and diffuser has also been documented. The results have been discussed and correction methods compared.

Estimating the impact of royalty relief on oil and gas production on marginal state leases in the US

Energy Policy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1389-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Dismukes ◽  
Jeffrey M. Burke ◽  
Dmitry V. Mesyanzhinov
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The Us ◽  
Marginal State ◽  
The Impact
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